Ukulinganisa kwi-Excel: Iindlela ezi-5 ezilula

Phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxela kwangaphambili, akunakwenzeka ukuba unganikezeli ukusondela. Ngayo, unokuvelisa ukubalwa okuqiqisiweyo kwaye ubala izikhombisi ezicwangcisiweyo ngokutshintsha izinto zezinto ezilula kwi-elula. I-Excel, nayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba isebenzise le ndlela yokuqikelela kunye nokuhlalutya. Makhe sijonge ukuba le ndlela ingasetyenziswa njani kwinkqubo ethile enezixhobo ezakhiweyo.

UKUQHUTYWA KOKUXELWA

Igama lale ndlela livela kwigama lesiLatin proxima - "ikufuphi" isondele ngokwenza lula kunye nokuzonwabisa ukuba izenzele itrape kwaye sisiseko salo. Kodwa le ndlela ingasetyenziselwa kungekuphela nje ekuqikeleleni, kodwa nokufunda iziphumo ezikhoyo. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ukusondela, enyanisweni, ukwenza idatha yedatha, kunye nenguqulelo elula kulula ukuyiphonononga.

Esi sixhobo siphambili apho into ethathwayo iqhutywa e-Excel yesakha umgca womkhondo. Eyona nto iphambili kukuba kwisiseko sezalathiso ezisele zikho, ishedyuli yomsebenzi itsaleleka kumaxesha elizayo. Eyona njongo iphambili yomgca wetrand, indlela ekungabikho nzima ukuqikelela, eli kukulungiselela kwangaphambili okanye ukubonwa ngokutsha.

Kodwa inokwakhiwa kusetyenziswa enye yeentlobo ezintlanu zokusondela:

• Umgca;
• I-exponenial;
• Logarithmic;
• Ipolynomial;
• Amandla.

Qwalasela ukhetho ngalunye ngeendlela ngokwahlukeneyo.

Isifundo: Ungawakha njani umgca we-Prand kwi-Excel

Indlela yoku-1: Umgca

Okokuqala, masiqwalasele indlela elula yokuqikelela, eyile usebenzisa umsebenzi womgca. Kuyo siya kugxila ngakumbi ngakumbi, kuba siza kuzisa amaxesha jikelele kunye nezinye iindlela, oko kukuthi, ukwakhiwa kweshedyuli kunye nezinye izinto, esiya kuyeka.

Okokuqala, siya kwakha ucwangciso, kwisiseko esiya kuqhuba ngayo inkqubo yokumangalisa. Ukwakha igrafu, sithatha itafile apho iindleko zeyunithi eveliswe lishishini kunye nenzuzo ehambelana kweli xesha ziqikelelwa. Umsebenzi wegraphic owakhayo uza kubonisa ukuxhomekeka kokukhulisa iingeniso ezandayo ekunciphiseni iindleko zemveliso.

1. Ukwakha igrafu, okokuqala, sibonisa iikholamu "iindleko zeyunithi" kunye "nenzuzo". Emva koko, sifudukela kwithebhu "yokufaka". Emva koko, kwiteyiphu kwi-"umzobo" isixhobo, cofa kwiqhosha "spot". Kuluhlu oluvula, khetha igama "ibala nge-curves egudileyo kunye nababukeli." Luhlobo olu hlobo lomzobo olufanelekileyo lokusebenza nomgca wetrand, okuthetha ukuba ukufaka indlela yokufikelela kwi-Explimel.



2. Ishedyuli yakhiwe.



3. Ukongeza umgca wokulinganisa, yikhethe ngeqhosha leqhosha lasekunene. Imenyu yemeko iyavela. Khetha kuyo le nto "yongeza umgca we-trand ...".

   

   Kukho enye inketho yokongeza. Kwiqela elongezelelweyo le-tebs kulo "sebenzisa iitshathi" iribbon, sifudukela kwi-"yobeko" ithebhu. Okulandelayo, kwi "Uhlalutyo" isixhobo se-Toolbar, cofa kwiqhosha "Lomgca". Uluhlu luyavula. Kuba kufuneka sisebenzise isiphelo sendlela, emva koko sikhetha i "Logreyitha" ukusuka kwizikhundla ezibonisiweyo.



4. Ukuba usesekukhetheni ukhetho lokuqala lwesenzo ngokusongeza kwimenyu yemeko, i-filep yefomathi ivula.

   Kwibhloko yeparamitha "Yakha umgca wokulinganisa (ukusondela kunye nokuthambisa)", sibeka iswitshi kwisikhundla "selayini".

   Ukuba unqwenela, ungafaka i-tick kufutshane nesikhundla "bonisa i-equation kumzobo". Emva koko, umzobo uza kubonisa umsebenzi oqingqiweyo.

   Kwakhona, kwimeko yethu, kubalulekile ngokuthelekisa ukhetho olwahlukileyo lokulinganisa ukuseka uphawu malunga nento ethi "Beka ixabiso lendlela efanelekileyo kumzobo (R ^ 2)". Esi salathisi sinokwahluka ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-1. Yintoni ephezulu, ukusondela kungcono (obalulekileyo). Kukholelwa ukuba ngobukhulu besibango 0.85 kunye noku kungasentla, ukutya oko kuya kuthathwa njengethemba, kwaye ukuba isalathiso sisezantsi, akunjalo.

   Emva kokuba uchithe konke kuseto olungasentla. Cofa kwiqhosha elithi "Vala", ibekwe ezantsi kwefestile.



5. Njengoko ubona, umtya wetrand wakhiwe kwitshathi. Ngokusondelelana komgca, kuboniswa ngumgca omnyama othe tye. Ifomu echaziweyo ye-smoot inokusetyenziswa kwezona meko zilula xa idatha iyahluka ngakumbi kwaye ukuxhomekeka kwexabiso lomsebenzi wempikiswano kuyabonakala.

I-SMOOOOOTIT, esetyenziselwa le meko, ichazwa yile fomula ilandelayo:

Y = i-ax + b

Ngokukodwa, ifomula yethu ithatha olu hlobo:

Y = -0.1156x + 72,255

Ixabiso lokuchaneka kwendlela yokusondela lilingana no-0.9418, olusisiphumo olwamkelekileyo, uphawula into engathandekiyo, ethembekile.

Indlela 2: Isongelelo

Ngoku masiqwalasele uhlobo lwe-oxponetial ye-oxtimeation e-Excel.

1. Ukwenzela ukutshintsha uhlobo lomgca wendlela, yikhetha ngeqhosha leqhosha lasekunene kwaye ukhethe ifomathi yendlela ... "kwimenyu yokuvula.



2. Emva koko, i-filep yefomathi sele isisithile kuthi sasungulwa. Kwiyunithi yokhetho lohlobo lokukhetha, sibeka i-switch kwisikhundla se "Exponial". Izicwangciso ezisele zishiya okufanayo nakwimeko yokuqala. Cofa kwiqhosha "Vala".



3. Emva koko, umtya womkhondo uza kwakhiwa kwitshathi. Njengoko sibona, xa usebenzisa le ndlela, inohlobo oluthile. Kule meko, inqanaba lokuthembeka lilingana no-0.9592, oluphantsi kakhulu kunendlela yokuhamba komgca. Indlela yokubonisa isetyenziswe kakuhle kwimeko apho amaxabiso okuqala atshintshwa ngokukhawuleza, emva koko uthathe ifom elingeleleneyo.

Imbono ngokubanzi malunga nomsebenzi omangalisayo unje:

y = yiba ^ X

Apho sisiseko se-logarithm yendalo.

Ngokukodwa, ifomula yethu ithathe le ndlela ilandelayo:

Y = 6282.7 * E ^ (- 0,012 * x)

Indlela 3: LogrithmicMICMP

Ngoku lixesha lokuba iqwalasele indlela yogogorithmic.

1. Ngendlela efanayo, njengakwixesha elidlulileyo kwimenyu yemeko, siqala inkqubo yefestile yefomati yomgca. Sibeka iswitshi kwisikhundla "Logrithmic" kwaye ucofe iqhosha elithi "vala".



2. Inkqubo yokwakha umgca wokuhamba nge-logorithmic ukufuphi nenzeka. Njengakwimeko yangaphambili, kungcono ukusebenzisa olu khetho xa ekuqaleni idatha itshintshwa ngokukhawuleza, emva koko uthathe imbono elungeleleneyo. Njengoko ubona, inqanaba lokuthembeka yi-0.946. Oku kuphezulu kunendlela yokusebenzisa indlela yendlela, kodwa iphantsi komgangatho womgca wetrand ngexesha lokudumisa.

Ngokubanzi, i-cumoula ijongeka ngathi:

y = a * ln (x) + b

Apho ln luphando lwelogrithm yendalo. Yiyo loo nto igama lendlela.

Kwimeko yethu, ifomula ithatha le fomu ilandelayo:

y = -62,81ln (x) +404.96

Indlela 4: I-Polynomial Smoot

Ize kuqwalasela indlela ye-pollynomial smooting.

1. Yiya kwifomathi ye-windows yefomati, njengoko sele yenziwe ngaphezulu kwesinye. Kwi "Prend Liney Yakha" ibhloko "sibeka iswitshi kwisikhundla" sePolynomial ". Ngasekunene kwale nto yintsimi "degree". Xa ukhetha ixabiso "polynomial" Iba lisebenza. Apha ungakhankanya naliphi na ixabiso lamandla ukusuka kwi-2 (ifakwe ngokungagqibekanga) ukuya kwi-6. Esi salathisi simisela inani le-maxima and minima. Xa ufaka i-polynomial yenqanaba lesibini, nje kuphela olona luninzi luchaziweyo, kwaye xa i-polynomial yesithandathu ifakwe, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5 maxima inokuchazwa. Ukuqala, shiya useto olungagqibekanga, oko kukuthi, siya kucacisa inqanaba lesibini. Izicwangciso ezisele zihamba ngokufanayo njengoko sizibeka kwiindlela zangaphambili. Cofa kwiqhosha elithi "Vala".



2. Umgca wokusebenzisa le ndlela yakhiwe. Njengoko ubona, icinyiwe nangakumbi kunendlela yokubonisa ukusondela. Inqanaba lokuthembeka liphezulu kunazo naziphi na iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphambili, kwaye ngu-0.9724.

   

   Le ndlela isetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwimeko apho idatha iqhubeka itshintsha. Umsebenzi ochaza olu hlobo lubukeka lufana:

   y = A1 + A1 * X + A2 * x ^ 2 + ... + X ^ X ^ n

   Kwimeko yethu, ifomula yathatha olu hlobo:

   y = 0.0015 * X ^ 2-1,7202 * X + 507.01

3. Ngoku masitshintshe inqanaba le-polynomials ukubona ukuba isiphumo siya kwahluka. Buyela kwifestile yefomathi. Uhlobo lokulinganisa lushiyekile yi-polynomial, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo ukuya kuthi ga kwifestile, sibeke esona sithuba siphezulu - 6.



4. Njengoko sibona, emva koko, umgca wethu wendlela yethu uthathe ubume bejikajika, inani leendawo eziphakamileyo lilingana nesithandathu. Inqanaba lokuthembeka kwe-prose nangaphezulu, ukufikelela kwi-0.9844.

Ifomula echaza olu hlobo lwe-smooting, uthathe le ndlela ilandelayo:

Y = 8E-08X ^ 6-0.0003x ^ 5 + 0.32x ^ 2x ^ 2x + 2X + 09

Indlela ye-5: Amandla omhlaba

Ukugqitywa, qwalasela indlela yokulinganisa amandla kwi-Excel.

1. Siyafudukela kwi "Trand Comm" ifomathi "yefestile. Faka uhlobo lokutshintsha kwe "amandla". Umboniso we-equation kunye nenqanaba lokuthembeka, njengokuba njalo, yishiya ebandakanyiwe. Cofa kwiqhosha elithi "Vala".



2. Inkqubo yenza umgca wokuhamba. Njengoko ubona, kwimeko yethu, ngumgca onomkhenkce kancinci. Inqanaba lokuthembeka lilingana no-0.9618, olu luyikiso oluphezulu. Kuzo zonke iindlela ezichazwe apha ngasentla, inqanaba lokuthembeka laliphezulu xa kusetyenziswa indlela yepollramial.

Le ndlela isebenza kwiimeko zotshintsho olunzulu kulo msebenzi. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba olu khetho lusebenza kuphela ukuba umsebenzi kunye nempikiswano musa ukuthatha amaxabiso amabi okanye zero.

Ifomula ngokubanzi ichaza le ndlela inoluhlobo:

y = bx ^ n

Ngokukodwa, ityala lethu likhangeleka ngoluhlobo:

y = 6E + 18x ^ (- 6,512)

Njengoko sibona, sisebenzisa idatha ethile ebesikade siyisebenzisile kumzekelo, eli nqanaba likhulu lokuxhomekeka kubonise indlela yokulinganisa i-polynomial enesidanga sesithandathu kwinqanaba lendlela yokunyaniseka (0.9418). Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba imeko efanayo iya kuba yinto esebenzisa eminye imizekelo. Hayi, inqanaba lokusebenza ngokufezekileyo kwezi ndlela zilapha ngasentla linokwahluka ngokubalulekileyo, kuxhomekeka kuhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi oza kwakhiwa. Ke ngoko, ukuba lo msebenzi okhethiweyo yendlela isebenza kakhulu, oko akuthethi konke ukuba kuya kubakho kwenye imeko.

Ukuba awukwazi ukuqaphela kwangoko, ngokusekwe kwezi ngcebiso zingezantsi, loluphi uhlobo lokulinganisa olufanelekileyo kwityala lakho, oko kukuthi, kuyavakala ukuzama zonke iindlela. Emva kokwakha umgca wokuhamba kunye nokujonga inqanaba layo lokuthembeka, unokukhetha eyona ndlela ilungileyo.