Kuyandikira ku Excel: 5 Njira Zosavuta

Zina mwa njira zosiyanasiyana zakuneneratu, ndizosatheka kuti musamayike kuyanjana. Ndi icho, mutha kupangira machaka ndi kuwerengera zisonyezo posintha zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa zinthu zosavuta. Kupambananso, nawonso, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi polosera ndi kusanthula. Tiyeni tiwone momwe njirayi ingagwiritsidwire pulogalamuyi yomwe ili ndi zida zomangidwa.

Kuphedwa kwa kuyandikira

Dzinalo la njirayi limachokera ku Lipoti la Chilatini - "loyandikira" likufanana ndi kusinthasintha ndikusintha zisonyezo zodziwika, kuwalimbikitsa kukhala tcheru ndipo ndi maziko ake. Koma njirayi ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati kokha pongoyerekeza, komanso kuti muphunzire zotsatira zomwe zilipo kale. Kupatula apo, kuyandikira kwake kuli, makamaka, kusinthitsa gwero la magwero, ndipo mtundu wosavuta ndikosavuta kufufuza.

Chida chachikulu chomwe chimachitika bwino chomwe chimachitika bwino chikumanga mzere woyenda. Ndiye tanthauzo la tanthauzo ndichakuti pamaziko a zizindikiro zomwe zilipo kale, ndandanda ya ntchito imakopeka ndi nthawi yamtsogolo. Cholinga chachikulu cha chizolowezi cha Trend, momwe sizivuta kulingalira, uku ndi kukonzekera kulosera kapena kuzindikira zomwe zikuchitika.

Koma imatha kumangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu isanu ya kuyandikira:

• Mzere;
• Chowonjezera;
• Logolositic;
• Polynomial;
• Mphamvu.

Ganizirani chilichonse chosankha mwatsatanetsatane payokha.

Phunziro: Momwe Mungapangire Mfundo Yabwino Kwambiri

Njira 1: mzere wosalala

Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane njira yosavuta yofanizira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendera. Pamalomo titayikira kwambiri mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa tikambirana zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi njira zina, ndiye kuti zomanga zadongosolo zina, sitingayime.

Choyamba, timapanga ndandanda, pamaziko a zomwe tichitikira kusalala. Kuti timange graph, timatenga tebulo pomwe mtengo wa unit womwe umapangidwa ndi bizinesiyo ndipo phindu lolingana nthawi ino likuyerekezedwa. Ntchito yojambula yomwe timamanga idzawonetsa kudalira kowonjezereka kowonjezera mtengo wa zinthu.

1. Kuti mupeze chithunzi, choyamba, tikutsindika zigawo "mtengo wa zinthu" ndi "phindu". Pambuyo pake, timasamukira ku "kuyika" tabu. Kenako, pa tepi mu "chithunzi" chotchinga, dinani batani la "malo". M'ndandanda womwe umatsegula, sankhani dzinalo "malo okhala ndi ma curves osalala komanso olemba." Ndi mawonekedwe amtunduwu oyenera kugwira ntchito ndi mzere wokhazikika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyandikira kuti ikwaniritse.



2. Ndandanda imamangidwa.



3. Kuti muwonjezere mzere wa trand, sankhani ndi batani lamanja mbewa. Zosankha zomwe zikuchitika. Sankhani mmenemo chinthucho "Onjezani mzere wa Trand ...".

   

   Pali njira ina yowonjezera. M'magulu owonjezera a ma tabu pa "ntchito yokhala ndi chart" riboni, timasamukira ku tabu ". Kenako, mu "Chidziwitso" chida, dinani batani la "Trend". Mndandandawo umatsegulidwa. Popeza tifunika kutsatira njira yolumikizirana, ndiye kuti timasankha "kuyanjana" kuchokera ku maudindo omwe aperekedwa.



4. Ngati mukusankha njira yoyamba yochitapo kanthu pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wazomwe zili patsamba, zenera limatseguka.

   Mu gawo la parameter "Pangani mzere wa Trend (kuyandikira ndikusintha)", timasinthira ku "mzere".

   Ngati mukufuna, mutha kuyika zojambula pafupi ndi malo oti "Shookitsani equation pa chithunzi". Pambuyo pake, chithunzicho chiziwonetsa mawonekedwe osalala.

   Komanso, kwa ife, ndikofunikira kuti mufanizire zosankha zosiyanasiyana kuti mupange zojambulazo "Ikani mtengo wa kuyandikira kwa chithunzicho (r ^ 2)". Chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kukhala chosiyana ndi 0 mpaka 1. chomwe chili pamwamba, kuyandikira kwake kuli bwino (chofunikira). Amakhulupirira kuti ndi kukula kwa chizindikiro ichi 0.85 ndipo pamwambapa, kusalala kumatha kuonedwa kuti ndi odalirika, ndipo ngati chisonyezo chingakhale chotsika, ndiye ayi.

   Atawononga makonda onse apamwamba. Dinani batani la "Tsekani", kuyikidwa pansi pazenera.



5. Monga mukuwonera, mzere wa Trade umamangidwa pa tchati. Ndi kuyanjana kwa mzere, kumawonetsedwa ndi mzere wakuda wakuda. Njira yodziwika yosinthira imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamilandu yosavuta kwambiri pomwe data imasiyana mwachangu komanso kudalira mtengo wa ntchito ya mkanganoyi ndi yodziwikiratu.

Kusala, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhaniyi, kumafotokozedwa ndi njira yotsatirayi:

Y = ax + b

M'malo mwake, njira yathu imatenga mtundu uwu:

Y = -0.1156x + 72,255

Mtengo wa kulondola kwa kuyandikira kwake ndikofanana ndi 0.9418, komwe ndi zotsatira zovomerezeka, kulinganiza kusalala, kukhala kodalirika.

Njira 2: Kuyandikira Kwambiri

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za kuyandikira kwa kufalikira kwa Excel.

1. Pofuna kusintha mtundu wa chipilala chamoyo, sankhani ndi batani la mbewa lamanja ndikusankha mtundu wa "Trend Quine ..." Mu menyu yoyamba.



2. Pambuyo pake, zenera lanu litadziwika kale. Panjira yoyeserera yosankha, timasinthiratu ku "exponarican". Zikhazikiko zotsalazo zichoka zofanana ndi zoyambirira. Dinani batani "Tsekani".



3. Pambuyo pake, mzere wa zochitika zonse udzamangidwa pa tchati. Monga tikuwona, mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, ili ndi mawonekedwe onkitsidwa. Pankhaniyi, mulingo wodalirika ndi wofanana ndi 0,9592, womwe ndi wapamwamba kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira. Njira yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakachitika mfundo yoyamba ikasinthidwa mwachangu, kenako ndikupanga mawonekedwe moyenera.

Maganizo ambiri a ntchito yosalala ali ngati awa:

y = khalani ^ x

Pomwe maziko a logarithm wachibadwa.

Makamaka, mawonekedwe athu atenga mawonekedwe awa:

Y = 6282.7 * e ^ (- 0,012 * x)

Njira 3: Logo Lolowetsa

Ino ndiye nthawi yolingalira njira yolumikizira yogalasi.

1. Momwemonso, monga nthawi yapitayo kudzera mu Menyu, timayambitsa zenera la Trend. Timakhazikitsa njira yosinthira "logarithmity" ndikudina batani la "Tsekani".



2. Njira yopangira gawo lokhala ndi logarithmic imachitika. Monga momwe zapita kale, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi poyambira zomwe zalembedwazo zimasinthidwa mwachangu, kenako ndikuwona moyenera. Monga mukuwonera, mulingo wodalirika ndi 0.946. Izi ndizokwera kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendera, koma otsika kuposa mtundu wa mzere wazomwe zimachitika bwino.

Mwambiri, njira yosalala imawoneka ngati iyi:

y = A * ln (x) + b

Komwe ln ndi ukulu wa logarithm wachibadwa. Chifukwa chake dzina la njirayo.

Kwa ife, njirayo imatenga fomu yotsatirayi:

y = -62,81ln (x) +404.96

Njira 4: Polynomial Stock

Yambirani njira yosalala yopumira.

1. Pitani ku zenera la Trend Quine, monga zachitika kale kuposa kamodzi. Mu "Trand Connet" block, timakhazikitsa malo oti "polynomial". Kumanja kwa chinthu ichi ndi gawo la "digiri". Mukamasankha mtengo wake "polynomial" imakhala yogwira ntchito. Apa mutha kutchulanso phindu lililonse kuchokera 2 (okhazikitsidwa ndi osavomerezeka) mpaka 6. Chizindikiro ichi chimatsimikizira chiwerengero cha Maxima ndi Minima ntchito. Mukakhazikitsa polynomial wa digiri yachiwiri, imodzi yokha yokha yomwe yafotokozedwa, ndipo polynomial polynomial imayikidwa, mpaka 5 maxima ikhoza kufotokozedwa. Poyamba, siyani makonda, ndiye kuti, tifotokoza digiri yachiwiri. Makina otsalawo achokanso monga momwe tidawayika munjira zakale. Dinani batani la "Tsekani".



2. Mzere wogwiritsa ntchito njirayi amangidwa. Monga mukuwonera, ndizopindika kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito exconuation. Mulingo wodalirika ndiwokwera kuposa njira iliyonse yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito kale, ndipo ndi 0,9724.

   

   Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakamwayo yomwe deta ikusintha nthawi zonse. Ntchito yofotokoza mtundu uwu wa mawonekedwe osalala akuwoneka:

   y = A1 + A1 * A2 A2 * A2 * x ^ 2 + ... + N. x ^ n

   Kwa ife, fomulayo idatenga mtundu uwu:

   y = 0.0015 * x ^ 2-1,7202 * x + 50.01

3. Tsopano tiyeni tisinthe kuchuluka kwa polynomials kuti muwone ngati zotsatira zake zingakhale zosiyana. Bweretsani ku zenera. Mtundu wa kuyandikira kwatsala polynomial, koma moyang'anizana ndi zenera, timakhazikitsa mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri - 6.



4. Monga tikuwona, zitachitika izi, mzere wathu wamoyo unatenga mawonekedwe a curve, pomwe chiwerengero cha maofesi ndi ofanana ndi sikisi. Mulingo wodalirika udalira kwambiri, kufikira 0.9844.

Njira yomwe imalongosola mtundu uwu wa osalala, adatenga mawonekedwe awa:

Y = 8e-08x ^

Njira 5: Mphamvu Yosalala

Pomaliza, lingalirani njira yamagetsi yoyandikira.

1. Timasamukira ku "Trend Line Tage" zenera. Ikani mawonekedwe osalala kupita ku "mphamvu". Chiwonetsero cha equation ndi mulingo wodalirika, monga nthawi zonse, siyani ophatikizidwa. Dinani batani la "Tsekani".



2. Pulogalamuyi imapanga mzere wa Trand. Monga mukuwonera, kwa ife, ndi mzere wokhala ndi pang'ono. Mulingo wodalirika ndi wofanana ndi 0.9618, womwe ndi chizindikiro chachikulu. Mwa njira zonse zofotokozedwa pamwambapa, kudalirika kwa kudalirika kunali kokha pokha mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira ya polynomial.

Njirayi imagwira ntchito nthawi yosintha kwambiri pantchito imeneyi. Ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati ntchito ndi mkangano sizitenga mfundo zosayenera kapena zero.

Njira yofotokozera njirayi ili ndi mtunduwu:

y = BX ^ n

Makamaka, chifukwa milandu yathu ikuwoneka motere:

y = 6e + 18x ^ (- 6,512)

Monga tikuwonera, pogwiritsa ntchito deta inayake yomwe timagwiritsa ntchito, kudalirika kwakukulu komwe kunawonetsa njira yolumikizirana polynomial mu digiri ya 6 (0.9844). Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti zomwezi zidzagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zina. Ayi, mulingo wa luso mwanjira zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa zingakule bwino, kutengera mtundu wa ntchito yomwe siyinga yomwe idzamangidwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati pa ntchitoyi Njira yosankhidwa ndi yothandiza kwambiri, sizitanthauza kutinso kudzakhalanso wolimba.

Ngati simungathe kudziwa nthawi yomweyo, kutengera malangizo omwe ali pamwambawa, njira yanji yomwe ili yoyenera makamaka kwa inu, ndiye kuti, ndikwanzeru kuyesa njira zonse. Pambuyo pomanga mzere wokhazikika ndikuwona mulingo wake wodalirika, mutha kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri.