Maitiro Ekuisa Zvirongwa muLinux: 5 Runoratidzwa Nzira

Mune masisitimu ekushanda zvichibva pane linux kernel, maneja akasiyana-siyana mapakeji anoshandiswa, achikubvumira kuti utore uye kuisa zvirongwa zviripo. Mukuwedzera, pane mapakeji emunhu ipo mafambiro atochengetwa kare. Ivo vanongoda kumhanya nenzira chaiyo kuti isvike uye ompai, mushure meizvozvo zvichave kuwanikwa kuti ishandiswe. Nhasi tinoda kukanganisa musoro wenyaya wekuisirwa pamuenzaniso wekuparadzirwa kwakakurumbira, tiudze zvakadzama nezve sarudzo yega yega inowanikwa uye kuratidza kuti zvese zvinoshanda sei.

Isa zvirongwa muLinux

Ehezve, panguva ino kune nhamba huru yekugovera kwakasiyana-siyana, asi chimwe chikamu chavo chinoenderana nemapuratifomu aripo uye ane mamwe mapfupa, asi nekuwedzera kwemamwe mabasa ayo kubva kune vanovandudza. Tevere, tichabata pamusoro pematanho matatu akakurumbira, uko kushanda kwekuwedzera kwakasiyana, uye iwe, zvichienderana neruzivo rwunopihwa, unogona kuwana ruzivo rwakakodzera kugoverwa kunoshandiswa.

Sezvauri kuona, iyo ATT haina kuitwa chaizvo. Zvakakodzerawo kufunga kuti mune yazvino vhezheni yeUbuntu kunyora, APT-Tora yakakwana sarudzo, iwe unogona kupfupisa kune iyo APT, uye yatopinda. Heano mimwe mienzaniso yezvakakurumbira zvekushandisa izvo zviripo zvekuisa kuburikidza nekumisikidza zvivakwa zvekuchengetedza:

Sudo Apt Isa VLC - Vhidhiyo Player.

Sudo Apt kuisa Gnome-music - Music Player.

Sudo apt kuisa Gimp - Graphic Editor.

Sudo Apt kuisa Gparted - pane kudzora kweiyo hard disk zvikamu.

Redhat, Centos naFedora

Mukugoverwa, uko redhat chikuva chakaiswa sehwaro, yum ndiye maneja mukuru. Inoshanda nekufananidza neiyo yakatofunga kuti ishandiso, pano chete inodzorwa neRPM Fomati madhairekitori. Kuisirwa kweSoftware kubva kune yepamutemo repository haina kusiyana uye inotaridzika seizvi:

1. Mhanya iyo console neimwe nzira yakakodzera nzira.



2. Gadziridza rondedzero yeiyo system repository kuburikidza sudo yum yekuvandudza.



3. Simbisa chiito nekupinda mudzi wekuwana password.



4. Tora chibvumirano nekuwedzera kwemafaira matsva nekutsanangura iyo y vhezheni.



5. Pakupera kwekuvandudza, sudo yum kuisa thunderbird uye kuishandira. Semuenzaniso, isu takatora mabhanan'ana tingerbird email, unogona kutsiva kutaura kwekupedzisira mumutsara kune chero imwe software inodiwa.



6. Pano iwe uchazodawo kudoma sarudzo y yekutora.



7. Tarisira kurodha uye kusunungura zvinhu zvekushandisa.

Ne fananidzo ine maneja wepakutanga wepakeji, ngatipe mienzaniso yakati wandei yekushandisa yum kuisa mamwe mapurogiramu:

Sudo yum kuisa java - Java zvikamu.

Sudo yum inoisa Chromium - Browser Chromium.

Sudo yum kuisa Gparted - Drives Management Chirongwa.

Arch Linux, Chakra, Manjaro

Zvinosara kuti ufunge nezve bazi rechitatu rekupedzisira rekugovera, iyo yakatorwa neArchit Lindux. Heano maneja wePacman. Inoshanda neye tar mafomu ekuumba, uye kuumba zvikamu zvinogadzirwa kuburikidza neakakomberedzwa akasarudzwa masosi ekushandisa ftp kana http protocol. Takatora semuenzaniso weManjaro kugoverwa neyakagadziriswa graphical interface uye anoda kuona maitiro ekuratidzira maitiro ekushandisa pacman.

1. Vhura iyo graphic shell menyu uye enda kubasa mune classic console.



2. Isa, semuenzaniso, yakakurumbira chromium browser. Kuti uite izvi, pinda sudo pacman -s chromium. Kupokana -sangove nemhosva yechokwadi chekuti iwo murairo unofanirwa kutorwa uye kuisa chirongwa ichi.



3. Simbisa iyo yechokwadi yeiyo Superuser Akaunti nekupinda password.



4. Tora kuisirwa kwezvinhu nekusarudza iyo y vhezheni.



5. Tarisira kurodha pasi: Kuti ubudirire kuuraya maitiro aya, iwe uchafanirwa kubatana neInternet.



6. Kana mutsara mutsva wekupinda wakabuda mune console, saka kuisirwa kwapfuura zvakabudirira uye iwe unogona kuenda kubasa mukushandisa.

Mienzaniso yekuwedzera imwe software yakakurumbira inotaridzika seizvi:

Sudo pacman -s firefox

Sudo pacman -s gimp

Sudo pacman -s vlc

Iye zvino iwe unoziva nzira iyo software yakaiswa pamatatu akasiyana linux mapuratifomu achishandisa chengetedzo yepamutemo kuburikidza neyevakavakirwa-maneja. Isu tinoda kutarisisa kune izvo nekuda kwekupinda zvisirizvo kweiyo screen pachiratidziro, mune zvakawanda chiratidzo chinoonekwa nesarudzo chaiyo, zvino zvakaringana kunyora chirevo nekugadzirisa chikanganiso.

Nzira 2: Package maneja uye chengetedzo yetsika

Pamusoro peiyo official Repositories yezvakasiyana-siyana application mune zvakare tsika. Iyi sarudzo ichave mhinduro yakanakisa yevashandisi ivavo vanoda kuwana imwe vhezheni yeiyo application kana kuvamisa muhuwandu hwezvikamu zvakati wandei pakombuta. Iyi nzira yekuisa yakasiana zvishoma uye inoonekwa zvakanyanya kuoma, saka tinopa kuti tiite zvakadzama nemubvunzo uyu. Kana iwe usina kero yeiyo repository, iwe unotanga kuitevera. Nzira iri nyore yekuita izvi kuburikidza nenzvimbo yakakosha, uye maitiro ese anotaridzika seizvi:

Enda kunzvimbo yepamutemo yeLaunchpad

1. Enda kune iyo iri pamusoro link kune yekutanga peji peji uye isa zita re software. Kuti uwane nyore, iwe unogona kupedzisa mumutsara uyu imwe PPA, zvinoreva kuti mushandisi anochengetedza.



2. Mune mhedzisiro, tsvaga sarudzo yakakodzera uye tinya pane yakakodzera link.



3. Tarisa uone mapakeji anogona uye sarudza zvakakodzera.



4. Enda kune iyo software peji.



5. Kamwe pane iyo PPA peji, pazasi iwe uchaona zvikwata zvakaiswa.

Iye zvino iwe unoziva nezve nzira inonyanya kufarirwa yekuwana zvinongedzo kune mushandisi repositori pane zvinodiwa. Iyo inoramba ichingotarisana nayo nezvinonakidza zvekuisa kwavo mukugovaniswa kwakasiyana siyana. Ngatitangei nezvose zvakarongeka.

Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint

Iwe watojaira neiyo standard package maneja, iyo yakaiswa pane aya mapuratifomu. Nzira yekuisa software yacho zvakare inoreva kushandiswa kwechishandiso ichi, asi nekuita kwekutanga kwezviito zvimwe. Pamusoro, isu tatoburitsa muenzaniso wekuwedzera chromium kune system, ikozvino ngatizivikanwe kuti izvi zvinoitwa sei kuburikidza nemushandisi repositories.

1. Isa chinongedzo kune repository pane saiti yakataurwa pamusoro apa, wobva wamhanya console uye isa ipapo. Tichatora yazvino vhezheni yeiyi webhu browser muenzaniso. Sudo Wedzera-APT-Repository PPA: Saiarcot895 / Chromium-Dev.



2. Simbisa chiito nekupinda password.



3. Tevere, verenga rondedzero yemapaketi ayo anozopinda muhurongwa, wobva wadzvanya kiyi yekupinda.



4. Pakupera kwemaitiro, gadzirisa iyo mareraidhi ehurongwa: Sudo apt-tora update.



5. Shandisa iyo inozivikanwa kuraira kuti uise browser kubva kuiyo yakawedzerwa sudo apt kuisa Chromium-browser repository.



6. Gamuchira kuwedzera kwezvinhu zvitsva nekusarudza iyo D. sarudzo



7. Mushure mekuisa, tarisa mumenyu yekunyorera. Panofanira kuwedzerwa chiratidzo chitsva kuburikidza nekobhu iri kumhanya.

Sezvauri kuona, hapana chinhu chakaomarara mukushandiswa kwekutengesa kwakadaro. Iwe unongoda kuwana yakakodzera shanduro ye software pane iyo saiti iri pamusoro uye isa mirairo yakapihwa ipapo mune console. Mushure mekuwedzera madhairekitori, ichangobva kusiiwa yekuisa iyo vhezheni itsva yeiyo yatojaira sarudzo - kuburikidza neiyo apt yekuisa.

Redhat, Centos naFedora

Kune aya masisitimu anoshanda, zviri nani kushandisa nzvimbo dzekuchengetera http://lmihridos.org, ipapo iwe uchawana zvimwe zvakakodzera rpm mirayiridzo, kana iri yekuisa kwavo zvakananga kubva ku Console, pasina usati wadurura kubva pane saiti, inoitwa mune dzinoverengeka zviito:

1. Semuenzaniso, ndinoda kutora ruby ​​programming mitauro mitauro. Chekutanga pane saiti iwe unofanirwa kuwana iyo yakakodzera package, wobva wapinda mucherechedzo nezveWget Kero -34.El7_6.x86_64. Rpm. Iyo link ichasiyana zvichienderana neiyo repository iwe yaunoshandisa. Mushure mekupinda, wana mutemo.



2. Tevere, iyo package icharemerwa mukombuta, ichangodiwa yekuisa iyo nenzira yakajairwa, saka taura sudo yum kuisa + zita_package.



3. Activate midzi-yekuwana nekupinda password kubva kuaccount account.



4. Tarisira kuzadzisa zvinyorwa uye zvinowirirana cheki.



5. Simbisa mamiriro acho nekusarudza yakakodzera sarudzo.

Arch, Chakra, Manjaro

Mazhinji etsika repository zvitoro zveArch Linux anochengeta chete Tar.gz fomati mafaera, uye nzira yekuisirwa kwavo muhurongwa hwakasiyana zvishoma. Izvo zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti zvese zvinodiwa zvigadziro zvinogona kuwanikwa pane webhusaiti Aur.archlinux.org. Kuti uwane chengetedzo iyi pane inokwana kumhanya manjaro, iwe unotanga kuuraya Sudo Pacman -s base-devel Yaource - zvimwe zvikamu zvinowedzerwa.

1. Pamberi pekutakura iyo yakawanikwa package iri folder kuburikidza neiyo curl -x https:/ODL.DiscordApp.net/apps/linux/0.0/discord Instagram-0.0.9.tar.gz. Batanidza kuti utore iyo Archive Tar.gz inogara ichiratidzwa pane peji rehurongwa kana uchiona aur saiti.



2. Bvisa iyo faira yakadhindwa muFoure Imwechete uchishandisa Tar -xvf Discord-0.0.9.Car.gz, apo disc.gz izita reiyo dhairekitori rinodiwa.



3. Shandisa iyo GEPKGGGG -SRI USILLE kuunganidza uye nekukurumidza kuisa chirongwa ichi. Kana wapedza maitiro aya, iwe unogona kuenda kubasa ne software.

Nzira 3: Kuisa Deb Package

Iyo DEF faira fomati inoshandiswa kugovera software uye ndiyo mhando yedata yedata kubva kuDhian inoshanda masisitimu. Mukuparadzira kwakadaro, iyo defaults yakaiswa zvishandiso zvekuisa software yeiyi fomati iri kuburikidza neiyo graphic ganda uye kuburikidza ne "terminal". Nhamba yepamusoro yezvinhu zvese zvekuwedzera mackets dzakapendwa mune imwe chinyorwa chedu, chaungawana kubva pane inotevera link. Kana dziri mamwe marudzi emapuratifomu, ipo pasina zvakavakirwa-mune zvekushandisa zvekuisa mafaera ekuisa, maitiro ekuisa ari zvishoma zvakaoma.

Verenga Zvakawanda: Kuisa Dhebheti mapakeji muDhian / Ubuntu / Mint

Redhat, Centos naFedora

Sezvaunoziva, maneja we batch anoshanda neRPM Fomati yakavakirwa pane redhat. Mamwe mafomu haagadzikiswe achishandisa zvigaro zvekushandisa. Matambudziko aya anogadziriswa nekungoongorora achishandisa imwe yekuwedzera console application. Iko kushanda kwese kunotora chaiko kwemaminetsi mashoma.

1. Isa iyo inoshandiswa kushandura kuburikidza yum kuisa mutorwa.



2. Mhanya maitiro ekutendeuka nekupinda Suo Alien --To-rpm package.co.b, ipo package.deb izita renyaya inodiwa.



3. Kana wapedza kushandurwa, iyo phoroji nyowani ichaponeswa kune imwe folda uye ichangobva kusiiwa yekuburitsa kuburikidza neSudo Yum localinstyin.rpm izita refaira rimwe chete, asi iye zvino rpm fomati .

Arch Linux, Chakra, Manjaro

MuArch Lixux kugovera, iyo standard pacman maneja anoshandiswa, iyo pakutanga yakanyorwa kuisa mafomu ekushandisa neTar.gz extension. Naizvozvo, kugadzirisa Dhebhapu mapakeji, iwe uchazoda kurodha imwezve chishandiso uye wedzera mafaera uye mireza zvakananga kubudikidza nayo.

1. Shandisa Yaourt -s DPKG kutora uye kuisa iyo yekushandisa.



2. Munguva yekuwedzera, iwe uchazoda kusimbisa kuwedzera kwezvinhu zvitsva kakawanda uye isa password yekutanga.



3. Iyo inoramba ichingotsaura sudo dpkg -I zita_package.deb uye kumirira kuguma kwekusazunza. Munguva yekuisirwa, yambiro inogona kuoneka pachiratidziro pakushaikwa kwekusvitswa, asi hazvidzivirire chirongwa ichi kuti chishande nemazvo.

Nzira 4: Isa RPM mapakeji

Kubva pane tsananguro dziri pamusoro, iwe unotoziva kuti rpm mapaketi anoshandiswa ne default mune redhat, centos uye kumwe kugoverwa kwakafanana. Kana zviri zvekusunungura kwavo, kutanga kunowanikwa zvakananga kubva kune maneja wefaira. Izvo zvakaringana kungovhura chirongwa chehurongwa hwekuchengetedza uye kumhanya iyo kaviri-kudzvanya bhatani rekuruboshwe mbeva. Kuisirwa kuchatanga, uye kana wapedza icho, iwe unogona kuwana iyo application kuburikidza nemenyu kana kuvhura iyo kuburikidza nekupinda kwemirairo yakakodzera mune console. Mukuwedzera, kutsvaga software, iyo yakafanana software "yekuisa application" yakakwana.

Kuti uburitse maRPM mapaketi muDhianani, Ubuntu naLinux Mint Digination inowanzoshandiswa zvimwe zvekushandisa, asi chete mune zviitiko izvo zvisingagone kuwana deb yakaenzana pane network. Mirayiridzo yakaiswa pane iyi nyaya inogona kuwanikwa mune chinyorwa chinotevera.

Verenga Zvakawanda: Kuisa RPM Packets muUbuntu / DERIAN / MINT

MuArch Linux, Chakra, Manjaro, hapana chakajairika chekushandisa, icho chingadai chakashandura RPM mapaketi kune tar inotsigirwa.gz chimiro. Naizvozvo, tinogona chete kukupa zano kuti utsvage chirongwa chimwe chete mukuwedzera kwekuwedzera. Zvakanaka kuita izvi pane inopa sosi yeAUR.Worlinux.org, uko kune zvinongedzo zvekurodha zvinozivikanwa kubva kune vanovandudza kana magirazi neTar.gz Archival.

Nzira 5: Kuisa Zvirongwa muArchives Tar.gz

Maererano neyakaenzana, ngatitangei nekugoverwa paDhiian. Mune ino kesi, Tar.gz yakagadzirirwa nekunyora zvirimo zvechidziviriro kune iyo itsva deb package. Maitiro ese akakamurwa kuita nhanho ina dziri nyore, uye iwe unogona kuzvionera pamwe navo zvakaparadzanisa zvinhu zvedu pane zvinotevera chinongedzo.

Verenga Zvimwe: Kuisa Tar.gz fomati mafaera muUbuntu / DERIAN / MINT

MuRedhat, kuwedzera kuburikidza nekuunganidzwa kwefaira rekugadzirisa rinotarisa zvishoma zvakasiyana:

1. Kutanga, wedzera kuhurongwa hwekusimudzira kune iyo system: sudo yum groupinstall "zvinyorwa zvekuvandudza".



2. Wobva wasunungura hurongwa hwakawanikwa kuburikidza neTar -Zxf Archive_name.t.gz.



3. Kana wapedza kusaziva, famba uchienda kune iyo yapera folda kuburikidza neCD Archive_name uye tevera mirairo iyi neimwe nzira:

   ./configure.

   Gadzira

   Sudo gadzira.

   

   Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unogona kumhanya iyo application uye inowirirana nayo.

Sekuziva kwako, iyo packet maneja pacman ndeyekuita neyakagadziriswa neTar.gz fomati, saka kana uchishandisa Arch, Chakra kana Manjaro, iwe unofanirwa kuita mirayiridzo yakakodzera kubva munzira yechipiri.

Nhasi iwe wakambozivana nenzira shanu dzakasiyana dzekuisa software mukushanda masisitimu zvichienderana neLinux Kernel. Sezvauri kuona, kune imwe neimwe yekugovera iwe unofanirwa kushandisa nzira yakakodzera. Isu tinokurudzira zvakare kubhadhara nguva yekutsvaga iyo yekutsvaga inodiwa kune iyo fomati, kuitira kuti ishandiswe yekuisa inokurumidza uye yakapusa.