Ungazifaka njani iinkqubo kwiLinux: Iindlela ezi-5 eziqinisekisiweyo

Kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ngokusekwe kwi-Linux kernel, abaphathi beephakheji ezahlukeneyo ziyasetyenziswa, ukuvumela ukuba ukhuphele kwaye ufake iinkqubo ezikhoyo. Ukongeza, kukho iiphakeji nganye apho izicelo sele zigcinwe. Kufuneka basebenze kuphela kwisixhobo esithile ukuze sikhuphe kwaye siqokele, emva koko siya kufumaneka ukuze sisetyenziswe. Namhlanje singathanda ukuchaphazela isihloko sokufakela kumzekelo wolona lwabiwo luhle kakhulu, sixelele ngokweenkcukacha ukhetho ngalunye lokufaka ulwazi kwaye babonisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi isebenza njani.

Faka iinkqubo kwi-linux

Ewe kunjalo, okwangoku kukho inani elikhulu lezona zinto zihlukeneyo, kodwa inxenye yazo isekwe kumaqonga akhoyo kwaye inamathambo afanayo, kodwa ngokongezwa kweminye imisebenzi yawo evela kubaphuhlisi. Okulandelayo, siya kuchukumisa isihloko samasebe amathathu adumileyo, apho umsebenzi wokusetyenziswa wahlukile, kwaye wena, usekwe kulwazi olunikezwe, unokufumana ulwazi olulungele ukuhanjiswa okusetyenzisiweyo.

Njengoko ubona, i-APT iphunyezwe. Kukufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kwinguqulelo yamva nje ye-Ubuntu ukubhala, i-APT-Fumana ngokuzithandela ngokupheleleyo, unokuthi nqumle kwi-APT, kwaye sele ukufaka ifayili. Nantsi eminye imizekelo yezicelo ezithandwayo ezikhoyo zokufakwa kwiindawo zokugcina ezisemthethweni:

Sudo apt faka i-vlc-ividiyo yevidiyo.

I-Sudo Apt Faka i-GNOME-Umculo - Umdlali weMculo.

I-Sudo Apt Faka i-gimp - umhleli wegraphic.

I-Sudo Apt Ukufakwa kwe-GPANT-kulawulo lwezahlulelo zediski enzima.

Redhat, eCennto kunye neFedora

Kusasazwa, apho iqonga le-redt lithathwa njengesiseko, yum ngumphathi ophambili. Isebenza ngokufana ne-anaglogy ngesixhobo esisele sithathile, silawulwa kuphela ngabavumeli iiNkcazo ze-RPM. Ukufakwa kwesoftware kwisoftware evela kwindawo esemthethweni ayifani kwaye ikhangeleka ngathi:

1. Qhuba i-console ngayo nayiphi na indlela efanelekileyo.



2. Hlaziya uluhlu lwendawo yokugcina inkqubo ngokuhlaziywa kwe-sudo yum.



3. Qinisekisa isenzo ngokufaka iphasiwedi yokufikelela kwiingcambu.



4. Thatha isivumelwano kunye nokongezwa kweefayile ezintsha ngokuchaza i-y.



5. Ekupheleni kohlaziyo, uSudo yum Faka iThunderbird kwaye isebenze. Umzekelo, sathatha i-Thunderbird ye-imeyile, ungathatha indawo yokugqibela kumqolo kuyo nayiphi na enye isoftware eyimfuneko.



6. Apha uya kudinga ukukhankanya ukhetho y ukukhuphela.



7. Lindela ukhuphelo kunye nokungavumi zizinto zezakhono.

Ngomnxibelelanisi womphathi wephakheji wangaphambili, masinike imizekelo emininzi yokusebenzisa i-yum ukuze fatha iinkqubo ezithile:

Sudo yum Faka iJava - Amacandelo eJava.

I-Sudo yum Faka i-chromium - i-browser chromium.

I-Sudo yum Faka inkqubo yolawulo lwe-GPREAT-Drive.

I-Arch Linux, Chakra, Majaro

Kuhlala kuqwalasela isebe lesithathu lokugqibela lokuhanjiswa, okwathatyathwa yi-Arch Linux. Nanku umphathi wePacman. Isebenza ngepakeji yefomati ye-tartha, kunye nezinto ezilayishayo zenziwa kwiindawo ezichongiweyo ezichongiweyo usebenzisa i-FTP okanye iprotocols ye-HTTP. Sithathe umzekelo we-majoraro yokusasaza kunye nomfanekiso oqhelekileyo wokudibana kwaye ufuna ukubonisa inkqubo yokubonisa inkqubo yokusebenzisa i-pacman.

1. Vula imenyu ye-graphic shell kwaye uye emsebenzini kwiKhonkco leklasi.



2. Faka, umzekelo, isikhangeli se-chromim esidumileyo. Ukwenza oku, faka i-sudo pacman -s chromium. Impikiswano-inoxanduva nje lokuba umyalelo kufuneka ukhutshelwe kwaye ufaka inkqubo.



3. Qinisekisa ubunyani beakhawunti ye-Superuser ngokungena kwi-password.



4. Thatha ufakelo lwezinto ngokukhetha i-y.



5. Lindela ukukhuphela: Ukuphumeza ngempumelelo le nkqubo, kuya kufuneka uqhagamshele kwi-Intanethi.



6. Ukuba umgca wegalelo omtsha wavela kwi-console, emva koko ukufakwa kupasise ngempumelelo kwaye ungaya emsebenzini kwisicelo.

Imizekelo yokongeza enye isoftware edumileyo ijongeka ngolu hlobo:

Sudo Pacman -s firefox

Sudo pacman -s gimp

Sudo pacman -s vlc

Ngoku uyazi ukuba isoftware ifakwe njani kwiiqonga ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ze-linux usebenzisa ukugcina ngokusemthethweni kuManejala owakhiweyo. Sifuna ukunikela ingqalelo koko ngenxa yokungena okungalunganga kwephakheji yofakelo kwiscreen, kwiimeko ezininzi icebiso livela ngokhetho oluchanekileyo, ke kwanele ukubhala umyalelo ngokulungisa impazamo.

Indlela 2: Umphathi wephakheji kunye nokugcinwa kwesiko

Ukongeza kwiipropu ezisemthethweni zezicelo ezahlukeneyo kukho nesiko. Olu khetho luya kuba sesona sisombululo silungileyo kwabo basebenzisi abanqwenela ukufumana inguqulelo ethile yesicelo okanye babeke kwinani lamaqhekeza aliqela kwikhompyuter. Le ndlela yokufakelwa yahlukile kancinane kwaye ithathwa njengenzima ngakumbi, ngoko sinikezela ngokujongana neenkcukacha ngalo mbuzo. Ukuba awunayo idilesi yendawo yokugcina izinto, uqala uyilandela kuqala. Eyona ndlela ilula yokwenza oku ngendawo ekhethekileyo, kwaye le nkqubo ijongeka ngolu hlobo:

Yiya kwindawo esemthethweni yePakispad

1. Yiya kule khonkco elingasentla kwi-LasePad iphepha kwaye ufake igama lesoftware. Ukuze ube lula, ungagqiba kulo mgca enye i-PPA, ethetha ukugcinwa komsebenzisi.



2. Kwiziphumo, fumana ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwaye ucofe kwikhonkco elifanelekileyo.



3. Jonga iiphakeji ezinokwenzeka kwaye ukhethe efanelekileyo.



4. Yiya kwiphepha lesoftware.



5. Kanye kwiphepha le-PPA, ngezantsi uya kubona amaqela afakiweyo.

Ngoku uyazi malunga neyona ndlela ithandwayo yokufumana amakhonkco kwi-repositories yomsebenzisi kwiinguqulelo ezifanelekileyo. Ihlala kuphela ukujongana nobunzima bokufakwa kwabo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Masiqale yonke into ngolungelelwano.

I-Debian, Ubuntu, iLinux Mint

Sele uqhelene nomphathi wePakethi esemgangathweni, ofakwe kula maqonga. Indlela yokufakelwa kwesoftware ikwathetha ukusetyenziswa kwesi sixhobo, kodwa kunye nokwanda kokuqala kwezenzo ezongezelelweyo. Ngasentla, sele siyekelekile kumzekelo wokudibanisa i-chromium kwinkqubo, ngoku masiqhelane nendlela enziwa ngayo kwiiReftihes zabasebenzisi.

1. Beka ikhonkco kwindawo yokugcina izinto ezichazwe apha ngasentla, emva koko qhuba i-console kwaye uyifake apho. Siza kuthatha ingxelo yamva nje yesikhangeli sewebhu somzekelo. I-Sudo yongeza-i-APTT-APPOTORORE PPA: I-SaapcotCot895 / Chromium-Dev.



2. Qinisekisa isenzo ngokufaka iphasiwedi.



3. Okulandelayo, funda uluhlu lweephakheji eziya kungeniswa kwinkqubo, kwaye emva koko cinezela iqhosha le-Enter.



4. Ekupheleni kwenkqubo, hlaziya iilayibrari zenkqubo: sudo opt-Fumana uhlaziyo.



5. Sebenzisa umyalelo oqhelekileyo wokufaka isiphequluli kwi-sudo opt faka i-chromium-browser yokugcina.



6. Yamkela ukongezwa kwezinto ezintsha ngokukhetha i-D. ukhetho



7. Emva kokufaka, jonga kwimenyu yesicelo. Kufuneka kongezwe i icon entsha apho i-browser isebenza khona.

Njengoko ubona, akukho nto inzima ekusebenziseni kwamatye. Kuya kufuneka ufumane kuphela uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesoftware kule ndawo ingentla kwaye ufake imiyalelo enikwe kuyo ikhonkco. Emva kongeza izikhombisi, iya kushiywe kuphela ukuba ufaka uhlobo olutsha lokhetho oluqhelekileyo-ngokusebenzisa ukufakelwa kwe-APT.

Redhat, eCennto kunye neFedora

Ngeenkqubo zokusebenza, kungcono ukusebenzisa indawo yokugcina i-http: //mirror.lnidos.org ne-http: //li.ru.roux.ro, ufumana uqhagamshelo olufanelekileyo lwe-RPM I-Console, ngaphandle kokukhuphela ngaphambili kule ndawo, yenziwa kwizenzo ezininzi:

1. Umzekelo, ndingathanda ukuthatha izinto zolwimi zeRuby. Okokuqala kwindawo oyifunayo ukufumana iphakheji efanelekileyo, emva koko faka i-console ukufaka into malunga nedilesi ye-WET WHET WOKUPHELA http: -34.el7_6.x86_64. I-RPM. Ikhonkco liya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo oyisebenzisayo. Emva kokungena, yenza umthetho.



2. Okulandelayo, iphakheji iya kulayishwa kwikhompyuter, iya kuba yimfuneko ukuyifaka ngendlela eqhelekileyo, ke chaza i-Sudo yum



3. Yenza ukufikelela ngengcambu ngokufaka iphasiwedi kwi-akhawunti ephambili.



4. Lindela ukugqiba iikripthi kunye neetsheki zokuhambelana.



5. Qinisekisa ukuba useto ngokukhetha ukhetho olufanelekileyo.

I-arch, chakra, manjaro

Uninzi lweendawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina i-Arch Linux igcina kuphela iifayile zeTar.gz, kwaye indlela yokufakwa kwawo kwinkqubo yahluke kancinci. Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba zonke izikhombisi eziyimfuneko zinokufumaneka kwiwebhusayithi AUR.SCHINGINNUX.org. Ukufikelela kolu gcino kwikhompyuter eSebenzayo iMajaro, uya kuqala ukwenza i-sudo pacman -s base base-Del-Devel Yaold Yaourt-Iinxalenye ezongeziweyo ziya kongezwa.

1. Phambi kokuba ilayishe iphakheji efunyenweyo kwifolda yasekhaya ngokusebenzisa i-curl -l -i -/dl.discordadApp.net/linux-0.9.9.3.gz. Qhagamshela ukukhuphela i-tear.gz ihlala iboniswe kwiphepha lenkqubo xa ujonga indawo ye-AR.



2. Vula ifayile ekhutshelweyo kwifolda efanayo usebenzisa i-Tar -Xvf Discord-0.0.9.9.gz, apho i-scord-0.9.gz ligama lolawulo olufunekayo.



3. Sebenzisa i-makepkg -sri impahla yokuqokelela kwaye ufaka inkqubo kwangoko. Emva kokugqitywa kwale nkqubo, ungaya emsebenzini nesoftware.

Indlela 3: Ukufaka iiphakeji ze-HARD

Ifomati yefayile ye-Deflow isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa isoftware kwaye luhlobo olufanelekileyo lwedatha kwiinkqubo zokusebenza kweDeb. Kwiziseko ezinjalo, ukugcinwa kwezinto zifakiwe izixhobo zokufaka isoftware yale fomathi phakathi kweqokobhe legraphic kunye ne "terminal". Iinkcukacha eziphezulu zazo zonke iindlela zokongeza iipakethi ze-DARD zipeyintwe kwelinye inqaku lethu, elinokulifumana kula makhonkco lulandelayo. Ngenxa yezinye iindidi zamaqonga, apho kungekho zixhobo ezakhelweyo zokufaka iifayile ze-HARD, inkqubo yokufakelwa inzima kancinci.

FUNDA OKUNGAKUMBI: Ukufaka iiphakeji ze-HARD kwi-Debian / Ubuntu / Mint

Redhat, eCennto kunye neFedora

Njengoko uyazi, umphathi we-batch usebenza ngefomathi ye-RPM esekwe kwiRedHat. Ezinye iindlela azifakwanga kusetyenziswa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo. Ezi ngxaki ziyalungiswa kukuguqula nje usebenzisa i-console eyongezelelweyo. Yonke imisebenzi iya kuthatha imizuzu embalwa.

1. Faka isixhobo sokuguqula i-Yum Faka i-Alien.



2. Qhuba inkqubo yokuguqula ngokufaka iSudo Alien Alien - Iphakheji ye-RPM.DEB, apho iphakheji.deb ligama lepakeji efunekayo.



3. Emva kokugqitywa kwenguquko, iphakheji entsha iya kusindiswa kwifolda efanayo kwaye iya kushiywe kuphela ukuba i-sudo yum yendawo ye-Sudo yum .

I-Arch Linux, Chakra, Majaro

Kwisimo se-Arch Lixus, umphathi wePacman oqhelekileyo uyasetyenziswa, owabhalwa kwasekuqaleni ukufaka izicelo nge-tar.gz eyandisiweyo. Ke ngoko, ukuphatha iiphakeji ze-HARD, kuya kufuneka ukhuphe isixhobo esongezelelweyo kwaye wongeze iifayile kunye nezixhobo ngqo kuyo.

1. Sebenzisa i-Yaourt -s dpkg yokukhuphela kunye nokufaka izixhobo.



2. Ngexesha lokudibanisa, kuyakufuneka uqinisekise ukongezwa kwezinto ezitsha izihlandlo ezininzi kwaye ufake ipaswedi engaphezulu.



3. Ihlala kuphela ekukhankanya i-sudo dpkg -igama_igeckage.Deb kwaye lilinde ukuphela kokungafaki. Ngexesha lokufakwa, isilumkiso sinokubonakala kwiscreen sokunqongophala kwezinye ukuxhomekeka, kodwa ayithinteli inkqubo ukuba isebenze ngokuchanekileyo.

Indlela 4: Faka iiphakheji ze-RPM

Ukusuka kwinkcazo engentla, sele uyazi ukuba iipakethi ze-RPM zisetyenziswa ngokungagqibekanga kwi-Relot, eCennto kunye nezinye iindlela ezifanayo. Ngokungafakwanga, ukupakishwa kufumaneka ngokuthe ngqo kumphathi wefayile. Kwanele ukuvula ifolda yogcino lwenkqubo kwaye ndibaleke kabini-ukucofa iqhosha lemouse lasekhohlo. Ukufakwa kuya kuqala, kwaye kwagqitywa, unokufumana isicelo kwimenyu okanye uyivule ngokungena komyalelo ofanelekileyo kwi-console. Ukongeza, ukukhangela isoftware, isoftware eqhelekileyo "yokufakelwa kwezicelo" igqibelele.

Ukunciphisa iipakethi ze-RPM kwi-Debian, ubuntu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-Linux Mints kusetyenziswa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo, kodwa kuphela kwiimeko apho bekungakwazi ukufumana iphakheji engafakwanga kwinethiwekhi. Ukufunyanwa kwemiyalelo yesihloko kunokufumaneka kwinqaku elilandelayo.

Funda ngakumbi: Ukufakwa kweepakethi ze-RPM kwi-Ubuntu / I-Debian / Mint

Kwi-Arch Linux, Chakra, Manjaro, akukho nto iqhelekileyo, eya kuthi iguqule iipakethi ze-RPM kwifomathi ye-tar.gz. Ke ngoko, sinokucebisa ukuba ukhangele inkqubo eyandayo exhasiweyo. Kungcono ukwenza oku kumthombo osemthethweni we-AUR.SHINGLINNUX.org, apho kukho amakhonkco ukukhuphela izicelo ezindala ezivela kubaphuhlisi okanye izibuko nge-tar.gz yovimba.

Indlela yesi-5: Ukufakwa kweeNkqubo kwiLondolozo loLondolozo lweeNkcukacha eziBalulekileyo kwiTar.gz

Ngokutsho komgangatho, masiqale ngokusasazwa kwi-bib. Kule meko, i-tar.gz isetwe ngokuqulunqa imixholo yogcino kwiphakheji entsha. Yonke le nkqubo yahlulahlulwe yangamanyathelo amane alula, kwaye ungaziqhelanisa nabo ngokwahlulahlula izinto zethu zekhonkco elilandelayo.

Funda ngakumbi: Ukufakwa kweefayile zeTar.gz kwi-Ubuntu / I-Debian / Mint

ERendat, ukongeza ngokudityaniswa kwefayile yoqwalaselo kuqwalasele ngendlela eyahlukileyo:

1. Okokuqala, ukongeza kwinkqubo yophuhliso kwinkqubo: yeSudo yum i-Groupinstall "yezixhobo zophuhliso".



2. Emva koko ikhuphe iNkcukacha-mali ekhoyo ngeVidiyo yeTar -zxf yogcino_gama.Tz.



3. Emva kokugqitywa kwe-UNIPIPE, fikelela kwifolda egqityiweyo nge-CD yoVavadyili_ Igama kwaye ulandele le miyalelo ngoku:

   ./configure.

   Yenza

   Sudo fakela.

   

   Emva koko, unokuqhuba isicelo kwaye unxibelelana nayo.

Ngokwazi kwakho, umphathi wePacketman u-Pacman usilele rhoqo ngoovimba befomathi ye-Tar.gz, xa kusetyenziswa i-Arch, chakra okanye imana kufuneka wenze imiyalelo efanelekileyo ukusuka kwindlela 2.

Namhlanje uqhelene neendlela ezintlanu ezahlukeneyo zokufaka isoftware kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ezisekwe kwi-linux kernel. Njengoko ubona, kuba ngamnye usasaze usebenzisa indlela efanelekileyo. Sikwacebisa ixesha lokuhlawula ukufumana ukukhangela olufunekayo kwifomathi, ukuze umsebenzi ufakelo lukhawuleze ngokukhawuleza kwaye lulula.