Ungayifaka kanjani izinhlelo eLinux: Izindlela ezi-5 ezifakazelwe

Ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo ezisuselwa ku-Linux Kernel, kusetshenziswa abaphathi bephakeji abahlukahlukene, okuvumela ukuthi ulande futhi ufake izinhlelo ezitholakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamaphakeji ngamanye lapho izinhlelo sezivele zigcinwe. Badinga kuphela ukugijima ngethuluzi elithile ukuze livuleke futhi lihlanganise, ngemuva kwalokho lizotholakala ukuze lisetshenziswe. Namuhla sithanda ukuphazamisa isihloko sokufakwa esibonelweni sokusatshalaliswa okuthandwa kakhulu, sisitshele ngokuningiliziwe ngenketho ngayinye yokufaka efinyeleleka futhi ubonise ukuthi konke kusebenza kanjani.

Faka izinhlelo eLinux

Vele, okwamanje kunenombolo enkulu yokusatshalaliswa okuhlukahlukene kakhulu, kepha ingxenye ethile yazo isuselwa kumapulatifomu akhona futhi inamathambo afanayo, kepha ngokungeziwe kweminye imisebenzi yayo evela kubathuthukisi. Okulandelayo, sizothinta ngesihloko samagatsha amathathu athandwayo, lapho ukusebenza khona kokufakwa kuhlukile, futhi wena, ngokususelwa kwimininingwane enikeziwe, usuvele uthole imininingwane efanele ukusatshalaliswa okusetshenzisiwe.

Njengoba ubona, i-APT isetshenziswa kakhulu. Kuhle futhi ukubheka lokho enguqulo yakamuva ye-Ubuntu ukubhala, i-APT-GET iyentisa ngokuphelele, unganciphisa ngokuphelele e-APT, bese usuvele ufake ukufaka. Nazi ezinye izibonelo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithandwayo ezitholakala ngokufaka izikhungo zokugcina ezisemthethweni:

I-Sudo Apt Faka i-VLC - isidlali sevidiyo.

I-Sudo Apt Faka i-Gnome-Music - isidlali somculo.

I-Sudo Apt Faka i-Gimp - Umhleli Wezithombe.

I-Sudo Apt faka i-GPARTED - ekuphathweni kokuhlukaniswa kwe-Hard Disk.

URedhat, Centros and Fedora

Ekusatshalalisweni, lapho ipulatifomu ye-redhat ithathwa njengesisekelo, i-yum ngumphathi oyinhloko. Isebenza ngokufana ngethuluzi elivele libhekwe, lapha kuphela lapha elawulwa izinkomba zefomethi ye-RPM. Ukufakwa kwesoftware kusuka ku-Repository esemthethweni akuyona into ehlukile futhi kubukeka kanjena:

1. Gijimisa ikhonsoli nganoma iyiphi indlela elula.



2. Vuselela uhlu lwe-repository yohlelo ngokusebenzisa i-sudo yum ukubuyekeza.



3. Qinisekisa isenzo ngokufaka iphasiwedi yokufinyelela izimpande.



4. Thatha isivumelwano ngokungezwa kwamafayela amasha ngokucacisa uhlobo lwe-Y.



5. Ekupheleni kwesibuyekezo, sudo yum faka i-Thunderbird futhi uyisebenzise. Isibonelo, sathatha iklayenti le-imeyili le-Thunderbird, ungangena esikhundleni senkulumo yokugcina emugqeni kunoma iyiphi enye isoftware edingekayo.



6. Lapha futhi uzodinga futhi ukucacisa inketho y ukulanda.



7. Lindela ukulanda nokukhipha izakhi zohlelo lokusebenza.

Ngokubonisana nomphathi wephakheji owedlule, ake sinikeze izibonelo eziningana zokusebenzisa i-Yum ukufaka izinhlelo ezithile:

Sudo yum Faka Java - Izakhi zeJava.

Sudo yum Faka i-Chromium - isiphequluli i-chromium.

Sudo yum Faka Gpartged - Drives Management Program.

I-Arch Linux, Chakra, Manjaro

Kusele ukubheka igatsha lokugcina lesithathu lokusatshalaliswa, elithathwe yi-arch linux. Nayi imenenja ye-pacman. Isebenza ngamaphakeji efomethi yeTar, kanye nokulayisha izinto zenziwa ngezindawo eziqokiwe ezisetshenziswa ngokukhethekile usebenzisa ama-FTP noma ama-HTTP. Sithathe isibonelo sokusatshalaliswa kwe-Manjaro ngesibonisi esijwayelekile sokuqhafaza futhi sifuna ukubonisa ngenqubo yokusebenzisa i-PACMAN.

1. Vula imenyu ye-Graphic Shell bese uya emsebenzini ku-Classic Console.



2. Faka, ngokwesibonelo, isiphequluli esidumile se-chromium. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka iSudo Pacman -S Chromium. Ukuphikisana-izibopho nje ngeqiniso lokuthi umyalo kufanele ulandwe futhi ufake uhlelo.



3. Qinisekisa ubuqiniso be-akhawunti ye-superuser ngokufaka iphasiwedi.



4. Thatha ukufakwa kwezakhi ngokukhetha uhlobo lwe-Y.



5. Lindela ukulandwa: ukweyisa ngempumelelo le nqubo, uzodinga ukuxhuma kwi-Intanethi.



6. Uma kuvela umugqa wokufaka omusha ku-console, ukufakwa kudlulile ngempumelelo futhi ungaya emsebenzini kuhlelo lokusebenza.

Izibonelo zokwengeza enye isoftware edumile ebukeka kanjena:

ISudo Pacman -S Firefox

Sudo pacman -s Gimp

Sudo pacman -s vlc

Manje uyazi ukuthi isoftware ifakwe kanjani kumapulatifomu amathathu ahlukene we-linux usebenzisa isitoreji esisemthethweni ngemenenja eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Sifuna ukunaka lokho ngenxa yokungena okungalungile kwephakeji yokufaka esikrinini, ezimweni eziningi ukuthi ukusikisela kuvela ngenketho efanele, khona-ke kwanele ukubhala kabusha umyalo ngokulungisa iphutha.

Indlela 2: Imenenja yephakheji kanye nesitoreji ngokwezifiso

Ngaphezu kwama-resositories asemthethweni ezicelo ezahlukahlukene kukhona nesiko. Le nketho izoba yisixazululo esihle kakhulu salabo basebenzisi abafisa ukuthola uhlobo oluthile lohlelo lokusebenza noma bazibekele ngenombolo yezingcezu eziningana kwikhompyutha. Le ndlela yokufaka ihlukile kancane futhi ibhekwa njengenzima ngokwengeziwe, ngakho-ke sinikela ngokubhekana nemininingwane ngalo mbuzo. Uma ungenalo ikheli lendawo yokugcina, okokuqala ulilandela. Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ngokusebenzisa isiza esikhethekile, futhi inqubo yonke ibukeka kanjena:

Iya kusayithi elisemthethweni le-LaunchPad

1. Iya kusixhumanisi esingenhla ekhasini lasekhaya le-LaunchPad bese ufaka igama lesoftware. Ukuze kube lula, ungaqeda kulomugqa enye i-PPA, okusho isitoreji somsebenzisi.



2. Emiphumeleni, thola inketho efanele bese uchofoza kusixhumanisi esifanele.



3. Bheka amaphakheji okungenzeka bese ukhetha okufanele.



4. Iya ekhasini le-software.



5. Lapho bese ekhasini le-PPA, ngezansi uzobona amaqembu afakiwe.

Manje uyazi ngendlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuthola izixhumanisi kwimibhalo yomsebenzisi ezinguqulweni ezidingekayo. Ihlala kuphela ukubhekana nobunzima bokufakwa kwabo ekusatshalalisweni okuhlukahlukene. Ake siqale ngakho konke ngokuhleleka.

Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint

Usuvele ujwayelene neMenenja Yezephakheji Ejwayelekile, efakwe kulamapulatifomu. Indlela yokufaka yesoftware nayo isho ukusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi, kepha ngokubulawa kokuqala kwezenzo ezengeziwe. Ngenhla, sesivele sihlanganisile isibonelo sokwengeza i-chromium ohlelweni, manje ake sajwayelana nokuthi lokhu kwenziwa kanjani ngama-repositori abasebenzisi.

1. Beka isixhumanisi esisendaweni yokugcina esizeni esichazwe ngenhla, bese ugijimisa ikhonsoli bese uyifaka lapho. Sizothatha inguqulo yakamuva yalesi siphequluli sewebhu ngesibonelo. I-Sudo Add-apt-repository PPA: I-HIIARCOT895 / Chromium-Dev.



2. Qinisekisa isenzo ngokufaka iphasiwedi.



3. Okulandelayo, funda uhlu lwamaphakeji azofakwa ohlelweni, bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi Enter.



4. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, buyekeza imitapo yolwazi yesistimu: Vuselela i-Apt-Thola.



5. Sebenzisa umyalo we-ajwayelekile ukufaka isiphequluli kusukela ungeze sudo efaneleka ukufaka chromium-isiphequluli onalo.



6. Yamukela kwalokho izingxenye ezintsha ngokukhetha inketho D.



7. Ngemva kokufaka, bheka kwimenyu isicelo. Kube kufanele ungeze isithonjana esisha okuyothi ngalo siphequluli.

Njengoba ubona, akukho nzima e ukusetshenziswa storages ezinjalo. Udinga nje kuphela ukuthola inguqulo esifanele software kusayithi ngenhla bese ufaka imiyalo eyayinikezwe lapho console. Ngemva ngokungeza Izincwajana, kuzobalwa ngakwesokunxele ukuze ufake inguqulo entsha yama inketho sebekujwayele - ngokusebenzisa Apt Faka.

Redhat, Centos futhi Fedora

Ukuze lwalezi nhlelo zokusebenzisa, kungcono ukusebenzisa izindawo isitoreji http://mirror.lihnidos.org futhi http://li.nux.ro, lapho uzothola ekahle RPM lwemibhalo ifomethi, njengoba ukufakwa kwabo ngokuqondile console, ngaphandle thwebula ngaphambi kule sayithi, It wenziwa izenzo eziningana:

1. Ngokwesibonelo, ngingathanda ukuthatha Ruby izingxenye ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo. Okokuqala kusayithi udinga ukuthola ukuthi ngabe iphakheji efanelekayo, bese ufaka console ukungena okuthile ezifana ikheli WGET http://mirror.lihnidos.org/centos/7/updates/x86_64/packages/ruby-2.0.0.648 -34.el7_6.x86_64. RPM. Isixhumanisi ngeke ifane kuye lokho Igumbi oyisebenzisayo. Ngemva ekungeneni, kusebenze umyalo.



2. Ngokulandelayo, iphakethe uzolayishwa ungene ikhompyutha, kuzobalwa kuphela kudingeke ukuyifaka ngendlela evamile, ngakho ucacise Sudo Yum Fakela + Name_Package.



3. Vuselela impande-ukufinyelela ngokufaka iphasiwedi ku-akhawunti eyinhloko.



4. Kulindele ukuthi izikripthi ephelele futhi ukuhambisana amasheke.



5. Qinisekisa kulungiselelwa ngokukhetha option ezifanele.

Arch, Chakra, Manjaro

Iningi ngokwezifiso Igumbi ezitolo ngoba Arch Linux igcina kuphela tar.gz amafayela format, kanye nendlela yokufaka yabo ohlelweni kuhlukile kancane. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zonke lwemibhalo kudingekile kungatholakala kuwebhusayithi aur.archlinux.org. Ukuze ufinyelele le isitoreji kwikhompyutha egijima Manjaro, kuyodingeka ukuthi uqale ezokhipha Sudo Pacman -S Base-devel Yaourt - yezingxenye zizakufakwa.

1. Ngaphambi ukulayisha iphakethe atholakala kufolda ekhaya ngokusebenzisa zinyakaze -L -O https://dl.discordapp.net/apps/linux/0.0.9/discord-0.0.9.tar.gz. Xhumanisa ukulanda TAR.GZ ingobo yomlando njalo kuboniswe ekhasini hlelo lapho sibheka indawo Aur.



2. Vula ifayela elandiwe kwifolda efanayo esebenzisa i-TAR -Xvf Discord-0.0.9.Tar.gz, lapho i-Dicord-0.0.9.TAR.GZ igama lesiqondisi esidingekayo.



3. Sebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-MakePKG -SRI ukuqoqa bese ngokushesha ukufaka uhlelo. Lapho usuqede le nqubo, ungaya emsebenzini nge-software.

Indlela 3: Ukufaka amaphakheji we-DEB

Ifomethi yefayela le-DEB lisetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa isoftware futhi uhlobo olujwayelekile lwedatha kusuka ezinhlelweni zokusebenza kwe-Debian. Ngokusatshalaliswa okunjalo, okuzenzakalelayo kufakiwe amathuluzi wokufaka isoftware yale fomethi ngokogobolondo graphic kanye ne- "terminal". Imininingwane ephezulu yazo zonke izindlela zokwengeza amaphakethe we-DEBO apendwe kwenye i-athikili yethu, ongayithola kusixhumanisi esilandelayo. Ngokuqondene nezinye izinhlobo zamapulatifomu, lapho kungekho zinsiza ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zokufaka amafayela we-DEB, inqubo yokufaka iyinkimbinkimbi kancane.

Funda kabanzi: Ukufaka I-DEB kwamaphakheji eDebian / Ubuntu / Mint

URedhat, Centros and Fedora

Njengoba wazi, umphathi we-batch usebenza ngefomethi ye-RPM esekelwe eRedhat. Amanye amafomethi awafakiwe kusetshenziswa amathuluzi ajwayelekile. Lezi zinkinga zilungiswa ngokuguqulwa nje kusetshenziswa isicelo esengeziwe sokukhonsoli. Wonke umsebenzi uzothatha imizuzu embalwa.

1. Faka ukusetshenziswa ukuze uguqule nge-yum ukufaka umfokazi.



2. Qalisa inqubo yokuguqulwa ngokufaka iphakethe le-Sudo Alien - I-RPM iphakheji.deb, lapho iphakheji.deb igama lephakeji edingekayo.



3. Lapho usuqede ukuguqulwa, iphakethe elisha lizogcinwa kufolda efanayo futhi lizoshiywa kuphela ekuvutheni nge-Sudo Yum LocalInstall iphakheji.rpm, lapho iphakheji.RPM yigama le-RPM .

I-Arch Linux, Chakra, Manjaro

Emhlanganweni we-Arch Lixix, kusetshenziswa iMenenja ye-Card Pacman, eyayibhalelwe ekuqaleni ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza nge-Tar.GZ Extension. Ngakho-ke, ukuphatha amaphakheji we-DEB, uzodinga ukulanda ithuluzi elengeziwe bese wengeza amafayela namathikithi ngqo.

1. Sebenzisa i-Yaourt -s DPKG ukulanda bese ufaka ukusetshenziswa.



2. Ngesikhathi sokungezwa, kuzodingeka uqinisekise ukungezwa kwezinto ezintsha amahlandla ambalwa bese ufaka iphasiwedi ye-superuser.



3. Ihlala kuphela ukucacisa i-sudo dpkg -Ngigama_package.deb bese ilinda ukuphela kokuvuwulwa. Ngesikhathi sokufaka, isexwayiso singavela esikrinini ekuntulekeni kokuncika okuthile, kepha akuvimbi ukuthi uhlelo lusebenze kahle.

Indlela 4: Faka amaphakheji we-RPM

Ukusuka ezitokisini ezingenhla, usuvele uyazi ukuthi amaphakethe we-RPM asetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalelayo eRedhat, Centsos kanye nokunye ukusatshalaliswa okufanayo. Ngokuqondene nokuvuthwa kwabo, ukwethulwa kutholakala ngqo kwimenenja yefayela. Kwanele nje ukuvula ifolda yesitoreji sohlelo bese uyigijimisa ichofoza kabili inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele. Ukufakwa kuzoqala, futhi lapho sekuqediwe, ungathola uhlelo lokusebenza ngokusebenzisa imenyu noma uyivule ngokungena komyalo ofanele ku-console. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucinga isoftware, isoftware efanayo "yokufaka" iphelele.

Ukuvula amaphakethe we-RPM ku-Debian, ubuntu kanye nokusatshalaliswa kweminti ye-Linux kanye neLinux kuvame ukusetshenziswa amathuluzi angeziwe, kepha ezimweni lapho kungenzeki khona ukuthola iphakheji efanayo ye-DEBO kunethiwekhi. Imiyalo esetshenzisiwe kulesi sihloko ingatholakala ku-athikili elandelayo.

Funda kabanzi: Ukufaka amaphakethe we-RPM ku-Ubuntu / Debian / Mint

Ku-arch linux, Chakra, Manjaro, akukho ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, obekuyobe sengiguqule amaphakethe we-RPM abe yifomethi ye-tar.gz esekelwa. Ngakho-ke, singakweluleka kuphela ukuthi sifune uhlelo olufanayo ekunwetshisweni okusekelwayo. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu emthonjeni osemthethweni we-Aur.archlinux.org, lapho kunezixhumanisi zokulanda izinhlelo ezithandwa kakhulu kusuka konjiniyela noma izibuko ezingokomlando ze-tar.gz.

Indlela 5: Ukufaka izinhlelo ku-Archives Tar.gz

NgokweZinga, ake siqale ngokusatshalaliswa kwi-Debian. Kulokhu, i-tar.gz isethwe ngokuhlanganisa okuqukethwe okungokomlando kwiphakheji entsha ye-DEBOD. Inqubo yonke ihlukaniswe izinyathelo ezine ezilula, futhi ungazijwayeza ngokwazo ekuhlukaniseni izinto zethu kusixhumanisi esilandelayo.

Funda kabanzi: Ukufaka amafayela wefomethi ye-Tar.Gz ku-Ubuntu / Debian / Mint

ERedhat, engeza ngokuhlanganiswa kwefayela lokucushwa kubukeka ngendlela ehlukile:

1. Okokuqala, engeza ohlelweni lwentuthuko ohlelweni: Sudo yum Grominstall "Amathuluzi Wokuthuthukiswa".



2. Bese ukhipha umlando otholakalayo nge-tar -zxf Archive_name.Tar.gz.



3. Lapho usuqede ngokungashintshi, hambisa kufolda eqediwe nge-CD Archive_name bese ulandela le miyalo ngokuhlukile:

   ./configure.

   Akha

   Sudo make ukufaka.

   

   Ngemuva kwalokho, ungasebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza futhi uhlanganyele nakho.

Ngokwazi kwakho, umphathi wephakethe wepakethe uPacman ngokuzenzakalelayo ajwayele ngezinqolo zefomethi ye-tar.gz, ngakho-ke uma usebenzisa i-arch, chakra noma i-manjaro, kufanele wenze imiyalo efanelekile evela endleleni 2.

Namuhla ujwayelene nezindlela ezinhlanu ezahlukahlukene zokufaka isoftware ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisuselwa ku-Linux Kernel. Njengoba ubona, ngokusatshalaliswa ngakunye udinga ukusebenzisa indlela efanele. Siphinde sincome ukukhokha isikhathi ukuthola ukuthi usesho oludingekayo ngefomethi, ukuze ukusebenza kokufakwa kusheshe futhi kube lula.