Yadda za a Sanya Shirye-shiryen a Linux: ingantattun hanyoyi

A cikin tsarin aiki dangane da Kerveran wasan Linux, ana amfani da manajan kunshin mai yawa, yana ba ka damar saukarwa da kuma sanya shirye-shiryen da suke akwai. Bugu da kari, akwai fakiti daban inda aka riga aka adana aikace-aikacen. Suna buƙatar gudu kawai ta hanyar takamaiman kayan aiki don ba a amfani da shi kuma yana tattara, bayan wanda zai kasance don amfani. A yau muna son shafar batun shigarwa akan misalin mahimman abubuwan da aka fi sani game da zaɓi na shigarwa kuma nuna a cikin ayyukan yadda yake aiki.

Sanya Shirye-shiryen a Linux

Tabbas, a yanzu akwai yawan adadin abubuwan rarraba, amma wani ɓangare daga gare su ya dogara ne akan dandamali na data kasance kuma yana da ƙasusuwa iri ɗaya, amma tare da ƙari na wasu ayyukan daga masu haɓaka. Bayan haka, zamu taɓa batun manyan abubuwa uku, inda aikin shigarwa ya bambanta, kuma ku, dangane da bayanin da aka bayar, na iya samun bayanan da aka dace da rarraba da aka yi amfani da ita.

Kamar yadda kake gani, an aiwatar da APT sosai. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci la'akari cewa a cikin sabon sigar Ubuntu don rubuta, apt-samun gaba ɗaya zaɓi, zaku iya gajarta kawai ga APT, kuma an riga an shigar da shi. Ga wasu misalai na aikace-aikacen shahararrun aikace-aikacen da suke samuwa don shigarwa ta hanyar wuraren ajiya na hukuma:

Sudo apt Shigar VLC - mai kunna bidiyo.

Sudo apt shigar da Gnome-Music - Mai kunna kiɗan.

Sudo apt shigar Giim - Edita mai hoto.

Sudo apt shigar da gparted - a kan iko da wuya faifai bangare.

Redhat, Centos da Fedora

A cikin rarraba, inda ake ɗaukar dandamali na Redhat a matsayin tushen, yum shine babban manajan. Yana aiki da misalin da aka riga aka riga aka riga aka riga aka riga aka sarrafa, kawai anan an sarrafa shi ta hanyar kundin adireshin RPM. Shigarwa na software daga wurin ajiya na hukuma bashi da bambanci kuma yana kama da wannan:

1. Gudanar da na'urar amfani da ta kowane irin yanayi mai dacewa.



2. Sabunta jerin abubuwan ajiya ta hanyar Sudo Yum sabuntawa.



3. Tabbatar da aikin ta shigar da kalmar wucewa ta shiga.



4. Auki yarjejeniya tare da ƙari da sababbin fayiloli ta hanyar tantance yakin Y version.



5. A ƙarshen sabuntawa, Sudo Yum shigar da Thunderbird kuma kunna shi. Misali, mun dauki abokin ciniki na email na Thunderbird, zaku iya maye gurbin magana ta ƙarshe a jere zuwa kowace irin software.



6. Anan zaka iya buƙatar tantance zaɓi y to download.



7. Yi tsammanin saukarwa da kuma fitar da kayan aikin aikace-aikacen.

Ta hanyar analogy tare da manajan kunshin baya, bari ya ba da misalai da yawa na amfani da yum don shigar da wasu shirye-shirye:

Sudo Yum shigar da Java - abubuwan haɗin java.

Sudo yum sanya Chromium - Chriserch Chromum.

Sudo Yum shigar da gparted - gudanar da aikin gudanarwa.

Ars Linux, Chakra, Manjo

Ya rage don la'akari da reshe na uku na ƙarshe na rarraba, wanda Arch Linux ya ɗauka. Anan ne Manajan Pacman. Yana aiki tare da fakitin sawu, da kuma saukar da kayan haɗin da aka yi ta hanyar shafuka na musamman ta amfani da Prococols na HTTP ko HTTP. Mun ɗauka don misalin rarraba manjaro tare da daidaitaccen dubawa kuma muna son bayyana tsarin gani don nuna ma'anar ma'anar amfani da PACMAN.

1. Bude menu na zane mai hoto kuma tafi aiki a cikin na'urar injiniya.



2. Sanya, alal misali, sanannen mai binciken Chromium. Don yin wannan, shigar da Sudan Pacman -s Chrisum. Hujja -s ne kawai ke da alhakin gaskiyar cewa dole ne a saukar da umarnin da shigar da shirin.



3. Tabbatar da amincin asusun SuperUer ta shigar da kalmar sirri.



4. Theauki shigarwa na kayan haɗin ta zaɓi sigar Y version.



5. Yi tsammanin saukarwa: don samun nasarar aiwatar da wannan hanyar, kuna buƙatar haɗi zuwa Intanet.



6. Idan sabon layin shigarwar ya bayyana a cikin na'ura wasan bidiyo, to, shigarwa ya wuce cikin nasara kuma zaka iya aiki a aikace-aikacen.

Misalan ƙara wani sanannen software suna kama da wannan:

Sudo Pacman - Kaya Firefox

Sudo pacman -s gimp

Sudo pacman -s vlc

Yanzu kun san yadda aka sanya software akan dandamali daban-daban na Linux guda uku ta amfani da adana hukuma ta hanyar mai sarrafa ginanniyar ginin. Muna so mu kula da hakan saboda ba daidai ba shigarwa kunshin shigarwa akan allon, to mafi yawan lokuta ambato yana bayyana tare da madaidaicin zaɓi, to ya isa ya sake rubuta doka.

Hanyar 2: Manajan Kunshin da kuma ajiya na al'ada

Baya ga asusun ajiya na aikace-aikace daban-daban akwai kuma al'ada ce. Wannan zaɓi zai zama mafi kyawun mafita ga waɗancan masu amfani da suke so su sami wani sigar aikace-aikacen ko saita su a cikin adadin guda guda akan kwamfyuta. Wannan hanyar shigarwa ya ɗan bambanta sosai kuma ana ɗaukarsa mafi wahala, saboda haka muna bayar da ma'amala da cikakken bayani game da wannan tambayar. Idan baku da adireshin wurin ajiyar, to ka fara bi shi. Hanya mafi sauki don yin wannan ta hanyar shafin musamman, kuma dukkanin tsarin yana kama da wannan:

Je zuwa shafin hukuma na lachpad

1. Je zuwa hanyar haɗin da ke sama zuwa shafin gidan Launchpad kuma shigar da sunan software. Don saukakawa, zaku iya ƙare a wannan layin wani PPA, wanda yake nufin ajiyar mai amfani.



2. A sakamakon, sami zaɓi wanda ya dace kuma danna kan hanyar haɗin da ta dace.



3. Duba fitar da yuwuwar fakitoci kuma zaɓi wanda ya dace.



4. Je zuwa shafin software.



5. Sau ɗaya a shafi na Pa, a ƙasa zaku ga ƙungiyoyin da aka shigar.

Yanzu kun sani game da mafi mashahuri hanya don samun hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo zuwa ga repostitories mai amfani akan sigogin da ake buƙata. Ya rage kawai don magance abubuwan shigarwar su a cikin rarraba daban-daban. Bari mu fara da komai cikin tsari.

Debian, Ubuntu, Mint Linux

Kun riga kun saba da daidaitaccen mai sarrafa kunshin, wanda aka sanya akan waɗannan dandamali. Hanyar shigar da software ɗin kuma yana nuna amfani da wannan kayan aikin, amma tare da aiwatar da na farko na ƙarin ayyukan. A sama, mun rigaya mun warwatsa wani misali na ƙara chromium zuwa tsarin, yanzu bari mu sami ƙarin yadda ake yin wannan ta hanyar repisitories mai amfani.

1. Sanya hanyar haɗi zuwa wurin ajiya akan shafin da aka ƙayyade a sama, sannan gudanar da na'ura wasan bidiyo da saka shi a can. Za mu ɗauki sabon sigar wannan mai binciken yanar gizo don misalin. Sudo Add-ACT-Actackory PPA: Saarcot895 / Chromium-Nemo.



2. Tabbatar da matakin ta shigar da kalmar wucewa.



3. Na gaba, karanta jerin fakiti da za'a shigar dashi cikin tsarin, sannan danna maɓallin Shigar.



4. A ƙarshen hanyar, sabunta ɗakunan ɗakunan rubutu: Supi Apt-samun sabuntawa.



5. Yi amfani da umarnin da aka saba don shigar da mai bincike daga kara sudo apt shigar da ma'aunin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa -.



6. Yarda da ƙari na sabbin kayan haɗin ta zabi zaɓi D. zaɓi



7. Bayan an saka, duba cikin menu na aikace-aikacen. Dole ne a ƙara sabon gunki ta hanyar da mai binciken yana gudana.

Kamar yadda kake gani, babu wani abin da rikitarwa cikin amfani da irin wannan ajiyar ajiya. Kuna buƙatar nemo sigar da ta dace na software na software a kan shafin da ke sama kuma saka umarni da aka ba a cikin na'ura wasan bidiyo. Bayan ƙara kundin adireshi, za a bar shi ne don shigar da sabon sigar da aka riga aka saba da shi - ta hanyar shigar da APT.

Redhat, Centos da Fedora

Don waɗannan tsarin aiki, ya fi kyau amfani da wuraren ajiya wuraren da ake ajiye su http://mirror.nux.ro, a kan shigarwa kai tsaye daga Madanni, ba tare da saukar da saukarwa daga shafin ba, ana yin shi a cikin ayyuka da yawa:

1. Misali, Ina so in ɗauki kayan Rubuta harshe. Na farko a shafin da kake buƙatar nemo wani kunshin da ya dace, sannan shigar da na'ura don shigar da wani abu game da irin wannan adireshin Wtgp:/upabror.lihnidos/x86/64/.64.64.64.64.64.64.64.64 -34.el7_6.x86_64. Rpm. Haɗin zai bambanta dangane da abin da aka yi amfani da shi. Bayan shiga, kunna umarnin.



2. Bayan haka, za a ɗora kunshin a kwamfutar, kawai zai zama dole don shigar da shi a cikin hanyar da ta saba, don haka saka Sudeme Yum Shigar + sunan.



3. Kunna tushen shiga ta shigar da kalmar wucewa daga babban asusun.



4. Yi tsammanin kammala rubutun da kuma bincika jituwa.



5. Tabbatar da saitin ta zabi zaɓi da ya dace.

Arch, Chakra, manjaro

Yawancin shagunan ajiya na al'ada don Arch Linux yana kiyaye kawai fayilolin da aka tsara Tari.GZ, kuma hanyar shigarwa a cikin tsarin yana da bambanci. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa dukkanin mahimman kundar kundin adireshi za a iya samu a shafin yanar gizon Aur .archlinux.org. Don samun damar wannan ajiya a kan kwamfuta gudanar da Manaro, da farko zaku iya zartar da Surdo Pacman-Devel yaourert - za a ƙara ƙarin ƙarin abubuwan.

1. Kafin ɗaukar kunshin da aka samo a cikin gidan gida ta hanyar Curl -l -o https://dl.didcorgorpp.net/APPS/Linux/0.9.Tox/0.0.9.tar.gz. Haɗi don sauke Archive Tarr.gz koyaushe ana nuna shi akan shafin shirin lokacin duba shafin Aur.



2. Fitar da fayil ɗin da aka sauke a cikin babban fayil guda ɗaya -xvf, 0.0.9.Tar.tar.tar.tar.tar.gz sunan directory.



3. Yi amfani da amfanin kayan shafawa don tattarawa da shigar da shirin nan da nan. Bayan kammala wannan hanyar, zaku iya zuwa aiki tare da software.

Hanyar 3: Shigar da fakitin Deb

Ana amfani da tsarin fayil ɗin na dala don rarraba software kuma misali ne na bayanai daga tsarin aiki na Debian. A cikin irin wannan rarraba, da aka sanya filayen kayan aikin don shigar da software na wannan tsari duka ta hanyar zane-zane kuma ta hanyar "tashar". Adadin cikakken bayani game da duk hanyoyin don ƙara fakiti taƙi an fallasa a wani labarin mu, wanda zaku iya samu daga hanyar da ke zuwa. Amma ga wasu nau'ikan dandamali, inda babu ginannun kayan aiki na shigar da fayen manyan fayiloli, tsarin shigarwa yana daɗaɗawa.

Karanta ƙarin: Shigar da fakitin debaye a Debian / Ubuntu / Mint

Redhat, Centos da Fedora

Kamar yadda kuka sani, mai sarrafa tsari yana aiki tare da tsarin RPM dangane da ja. Sauran tsari ba a shigar ta amfani da daidaitattun kayan aiki. Ana gyara wannan matsalolin ta hanyar juyawa kawai ta amfani da ƙarin aikace-aikacen na'ura. Dukan aikin za su ɗauki ainihin minti kaɗan.

1. Shigar da amfani don juyawa ta hanyar yum sanya dan hanya.



2. Gudanar da juyawa tsari ta hanyar shigar da sudo da baƙon --to-rpm packet.deb, inda kunshin.deb shine sunan kunshin da ake buƙata.



3. Bayan an kammala juyawa, sabon kunshin za a ajiye zuwa wannan babban fayil ɗin kuma za a bar shi ne kawai don fitad da fakitin na biyu, amma kawai tsarin RPM ne .

Ars Linux, Chakra, Manjo

A cikin rarraba Lixux Rarraba, Ana amfani da Standardan Manajan Standardan, wanda aka samo asali a rubuce don shigar aikace-aikace tare da Tar.gz tsawo. Sabili da haka, don gudanar da fakitin deban, kuna buƙatar saukar da ƙarin kayan aiki kuma ƙara fayiloli da kundin adireshi kai tsaye ta hanyar.

1. Yi amfani da yaoint -s dpkg don saukarwa da shigar da amfani.



2. A game da ƙari, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da ƙari da sababbin abubuwa sau da yawa kuma shigar da kalmar wucewa ta Superuser.



3. Ya rage kawai don saka sunayen sudo dpkg -I_Deb kuma jira ƙarshen abubuwan da ba su dace ba. A lokacin shigarwa, gargadi na iya bayyana akan allon akan rashin dogaro, amma ba ya hana shirin yin aiki daidai.

Hanyar 4: Shigar rpm fakitoci

Daga kwatancin da ke sama, kun riga kun san cewa rpm fakits ana amfani da su ta tsoho a cikin Redhat, Centos da sauran abubuwan da suka gabata. Amma ga kayan aikinsu, ana samun ƙaddamarwa kai tsaye daga mai sarrafa fayil. Ya isa kawai don buɗe babban fayil ɗin ajiyar shirin kuma gudanar da shi sau biyu-danna maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na hagu. Shigarwa zai fara, kuma akan kammalawa daga shi, zaku iya nemo aikace-aikacen ta menu ko buɗe ta ta hanyar shigar da umarnin da ya dace a cikin na'ura wasan bidiyo. Bugu da ƙari, don bincika software, daidaitaccen software guda "shigar da aikace-aikace" cikakke ne.

Don buɗe fakiti rpm a Debian, Ubuntu da Linux Mint sun yi amfani da ƙarin kayan aikin da ake amfani da su ne na musamman don haka ba zai yiwu a sami irin fakiti ɗaya a cikin hanyar sadarwa ba. Ana iya samun umarnin da aka tura akan wannan batun a cikin labarin gaba.

Karanta ƙarin: Shigar da fakiti rpm a ubuntu / Debian / Mint

A Arc Linux, Chakra, Manjo, babu wani amfani na yau da kullun, wanda zai canza fakiti na rpm zuwa wani tsari na Tar.gz. Sabili da haka, za mu iya ba da shawara ku bincika shirin iri ɗaya cikin fadada tallafi. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan a tushen official na Aur.Achlinux.org, inda akwai hanyoyin shiga aikace-aikacen da aka fi shahara daga masu haɓaka ko madubai tare da Tar.Gz.

Hanyar 5: Sanya Shirye-shiryen A cikin Archives Tar.GZ

Dangane da matsayin, bari mu fara da rarraba akan Devian. A wannan yanayin, an saita Tar.GZ ta tattara abubuwan da ke cikin kayan tarihin zuwa sabon kunshin bashin. Dukkanin ayyukan ta kasu kashi hudu, kuma zaku iya sanin kanku tare da su a cikin daban kayan mu akan hanyar haɗin yanar gizon.

Karanta ƙarin: Shigar da fayilolin Targz a ubuntu / Debian / Mint

A cikin Redhat, ƙara ta hanyar tari na fayil ɗin fayil ɗin sanyi ya kalli ɗan bambanci daban:

1. Da farko, ƙara zuwa tsarin ci gaba zuwa tsarin: Suso Yum Groundall "kayan aiki na haɓaka".



2. To a cire kayan tarihin da ke akwai amara ta hanyar Tar -zxF Archive_nana.tar.gz.



3. Bayan an gama ba a sani ba, matsawa zuwa babban fayil ta hanyar CD Archive_name kuma bi waɗannan umarni a zahiri:

   ./Configure.

   Yi

   Sudo yin kafa.

   

   Bayan haka, zaku iya gudanar da aikace-aikacen kuma kuyi hulɗa tare da shi.

Kamar yadda kuka sani, Pakid Manager Pacman shine tsohuwar kullun tare da kayan tarihin Tar.GZ, don haka lokacin amfani da Arch, Chakra ko Manjaro, ya kamata ka yi umarni mai dacewa daga hanyar 2.

A yau kuna sane da hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyar na shigar da software a tsarin aiki dangane da Linux kwernel. Kamar yadda kake gani, ga kowane rarrabawa da ake buƙatar amfani da hanyar da ta dace. Haka nan muna bada shawara da biyan lokacin biya don nemo binciken da ake buƙata don tsari, saboda aikin shigarwa yana da sauƙi da sauƙi.