Embonini yezemiklamo, akekho ophi imibuzo igunya le-AutoCAD njengohlelo oludumile ukufeza imibhalo yokusebenza. Izinga eliphakeme lisho izindleko ezihambisanayo zesoftware. Izinhlangano eziningi zephrojekthi yezobunjiniyela, abafundi kanye nabasebenza mahhala abadingi noma abanalo ithuba lokuthola ithuluzi elibizayo. Bakhona ama-analogues akwazi ukwenza umbuthano othize wemisebenzi yokuklama. Kulesi sihloko, cabanga ngezindlela eziningi zokuzenzakalelayo usebenzisa umgomo ofanayo womsebenzi.
Ikhampasi-3D
Ikhampasi - umkhiqizo wonjiniyela baseRussia, ngakho-ke umsebenzisi ngeke abe nzima ukukhipha imidwebo, imininingwane, izitembu kanye nokubhaliwe okuyisisekelo ngokuya ngezidingo ze-Gost. Lolu uhlelo olusebenzayo oluthokozisayo oluthokozela abafundi bobabili ukuthi basebenze kulowo msebenzi nezinhlangano zokwakha. Inzuzo yale software ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu komdwebo onezici ezimbili, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlanganyele emodeni enezici ezintathu. Ngalesi sizathu, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ubunjiniyela bemishini.
Lapha kukhona isikhombimsebenzisi esiguquguqukayo, ngezifiso ukwenza imisebenzi yohlobo oluthile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunenani elikhulu ngokwanele amamodeli ahlanganiswe endaweni eyinhloko. Ukuhlukahluka kokuhlinzekwa kwenza kube ntofontofo ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze isetshenziswe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zokuklama, ukumodelwa kwe-3D nokudweba.
Nanocad.
Ummeleli olandelayo wohlu lwethu lwamanje lubizwa nge-nanoCAD futhi usebenze njengohlelo oluyisisekelo lokwakheka okuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iningi lelo lungiselelo lisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukiswa kwemibhalo yokusebenza. Lapha uzothola yonke imisebenzi ye-CAPR yakudala futhi ukwazi ukudweba iphrojekthi ye-DWG ukuze uqhubeke nokuthuthuka kwayo noma ufake enye indawo esebenzisa, ngokwesibonelo, i-autocad efanayo.
Onjiniyela bahlinzeka ngezinguqulo ezimbili ze-nanoCad. Omunye usebenza mahhala, kanti owesibili uhweba. Ukuhluka kwale mihlangano kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni. Abasebenzisi futhi bathakazelisa ngqo i-API evulekile (isikhombi sokuhlela uhlelo lokusebenza). Inokufinyelela kwizicelo zayo ezizohileleka lapho wenza imisebenzi emincane elawulwa kunoma yiziphi izindawo, okungenani zixhumene ne-CAD.
I-BricSCAD.
I-BricSCAD, ekhishwe ngo-2002, nayo ifanelekile ngokwahlukana, futhi udaba lwezibuyekezo zenzeka nanamuhla. Onjiniyela babeka umgomo wokwakha i-CAD yokuqala eyinkimbinkimbi, ehlanganiswe nefomethi ye-DWG. Kule pulatifomu kunamamojula amabili - izindlela ze-2D ne-3D zokudweba, ukwakheka, ukumodela. Ngaphambi kokulanda nokufaka, umsebenzisi ukhetha inketho efanelekile.
Ngokuqondene nokusetshenziswa kokusebenzisa, kuthuthukisa ngenguqulo ngayinye entsha, ngoba umsebenzi osebenzayo wenziwa esibonakalayo. Isibonelo, kusanda kwengezwa umqhubi we-Extended nama-Widgets ambalwa alula, avumela ukwenza lula ukuxhumana kwezibalo ezinezici ezintathu. Konke okusha kwayo, umenzi uchaza ngokuningiliziwe kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ngezibonelo zohlelo lokusebenza. Konke lokhu kuyatholakala ngesiRussia.
Progecad.
I-Progecad ibekwe njenge-analogue esondele kakhulu yesiteshi se-auto. Lolu hlelo lune-toolkit egcwele ngokugcwele yemodeli emibili kanye ne-volumetric futhi inenzele amathuba okuthumela imidwebo kwi-PDF. I-Progecad ingaba wusizo kubakhi bezakhiwo ngoba inemodyuli ekhethekile yokwakha esebenza inqubo yokwakha imodeli yokwakha. Ngale module, umsebenzisi angadala ngokushesha izindonga, ophahleni, izitebhisi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlaka namanye amatafula adingekayo. Ukuvumelana okuphelele namafayela we-autocardine kuzokwenza lula umsebenzi wabakhi bezakhiwo, ukulungiswa kanye nosonkontileka. I-Progecad yonjiniyela igcizelela ukuthembeka nokuqina kohlelo emsebenzini.
Mahhala
I-FreeCad isebenza njenge-CAD (uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokuqamba) lwenhloso ejwayelekile. Yakhelwe emthonjeni ovulekile we-Open OpenCaskade, okungukuthi, imahhala ngokuphelele. Sebenza kulokhu kuhlinzekwa kusekelwe kumodeli yepharamitha. Amandla wekhompyutha asetshenziswa lapho eshintsha ubudlelwano kanye namapharamitha wengxenye, okuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngokushesha zonke izinhlelo zokuklama ezingaba khona, ugweme amaphutha ekubaleni kwephrojekthi yonke noma imininingwane ethile. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokumodela eFreeCAD sithathwa njengesethulo somngcele, kepha futhi siyasekelwa ngegridi eziningi ethandekayo. Ukushintsha phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili zokubuka kwenzeka ngokucindezela inkinobho eyodwa.
Ezimweni eziningi, isoftware ebhekwayo isetshenziswa ebunjiniyela bemishini, okuhambisana nokuqaliswa kokuqaliswa kwamapharamitha aphambili, kepha inomkhiqizo wokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo noma ukuhlaziya kobunjiniyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithuluzi lethulwa njengokusekelwa okushukumisayo, okungukuthi, izingxenye ezithile zisetshenziselwa imisebenzi ehlukene - ukudweba, ukwakhiwa, ukwakhiwa kwazo. Umthuthukisi uthi i-FreeCad iyithuluzi lokuqala eligcwele eligcwele lokuklama amakhekhemakha, elingathatha isikhundla sezixazululo eziningi ezikhokhelwayo. Kodwa-ke, ungalanda ngokuzimela le software kusuka esizeni esisemthethweni ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi kusetshenziswe.
LiseChad.
Ummeleli olandelayo wohlu lwethu lwamanje wawumiselwe ekuqaleni njengombono ongcono wekhodi yomthombo we-QCAD, lapho kwakusetshenziswa khona imitapo yolwazi akulona iqiniso ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka kwentuthuko. Kodwa-ke, ku-LiteChat yesikhathi esizayo kukhona iphrojekthi ebaluleke kakhulu yamahhala enekhodi yomthombo yamahhala. Lokhu kuhlinzekelwa kusetshenziselwa ukwakheka okunezinhlangothi ezimbili nokudweba, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukudweba kobunjiniyela kanye nokwakha. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi cishe yonke into ebolekwe ku-QCAD, manje isithebhu esinezici eziningi nezinto ezintsha, isibonelo, ukucubungula idatha okusheshisiwe kanye nokusekelwa kwedatha yama-plug nge-interface yesoftware.
Ngokwengeziwe, sifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwesekwa kwe-UTF-8 kukhona kuLindeCad, okuvumela ukuthi usethe amagama ezingqimba namabhulokhi. E-QCAD efanayo, lokhu kufakwa kwezinhlamvu kwakungekho, okwadala ubunzima obuthile kubasebenzisi basekhaya. I-DXF isetshenziswa njengefomethi yefayela eliyinhloko, ekuvumela ukuthi wabelane ngamaphrojekthi nge-AutoCAD. Futhi igcina ukonga e-SVG ne-PDF. Le software iyatholakala kumapulatifomu ahlukene (i-Linux, iWindows, Mac), futhi lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ufake inani elidingekayo le-CAD kunoma yiliphi amakhompyutha futhi lisebenze kulo noma yisiphi isikhathi esikahle.
QCCAD.
Ngenhla, sesivele sikhulume i-QCCAD njengesisekelo sokwenza olunye uhlelo lokuqamba oluzenzakalelayo. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukuthuthukiswa kweLaleCad kushintshe kakhulu, futhi izinto ezintsha ku-QCAD kwenze kwaphelela - amaphutha amaningi alungiswa, kwathuthukiswa imibhalo eminingi ebalulekile. Isibonelo, kunguqulo yangempela yamanje, 3.22.1 kuyabhekwa, okwavela ngoMeyi 22, 2019, okusho ukuthi ukusebenza ngokuhlinzekwa kusaza. Ngokuzayo, thembisa ukulungisa amaphutha ahlukahlukene bese wengeza amathuluzi amasha.
Amathuluzi amaningi kanye nokusebenza kwemisebenzi ethile ku-QCAD kubhebhetheke kakhulu nge-Autocad, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukubabona ngokuningiliziwe - konke kuyindinganiso enkulu. Ngaphandle kokuthi ngithanda ukukhuluma ngomehluko kunguqulo yamahhala neyentengiso. Owokuqala usebenzisa ifomethi yefayela le-DXF, kanye nesesekeli sesibili kanye ne-DWG ephelele. Ngokuqondene namafonti, bonke batholakala bobabili ngenguqulo yamahhala nekhokhelwe. Lesi sakamuva sinemodi yokubukisa, ezosiza ukuqonda ukuthi kufanelekile ukuthola lo mkhiqizo.
A9CAD.
Isoftware ye-A9CAD yamahhala izoba yisinqumo esihle kakhulu kulabo abadinga ukuba ne-SpecidWeight, ekhiqizayo futhi yamahhala yokwenza imisebenzi esemqoka yokudweba kanye nokulungiselela amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene ahlobene nokwakhiwa okunezinhlangothi ezimbili. Masinyane kuwukuthikani ukuqondisisa lezi zingqinamba ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu - ukuthuthukiswa kwe-A9CAD kumiswe emuva ebangeni lika-2005, futhi kuphela isiNgisi kuphela esibonakalayo. Ukuzalwa kwasendaweni akukwazi ngisho nokuzama ukubheka, ngoba ukuhumusha kwenqatshelwe ezingeni lesivumelwano selayisense.
Ukudala amaphrojekthi ku-A9CAD kwenzeka endaweni yokusebenza efanayo esebenzisa amathuluzi ayisisekelo asetshenziswa ku-CAD efanayo. Vele, azikho imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile lapho abanikazi be-autocad bajwayele khona, noma kunjalo, ukugcizelelwa kokulula nangejubane. Imisebenzi elungile igcinwa ku-DXF, DWG noma i-EMF, ezosiza ngokuhlanganiswa okwengeziwe kwamafayela kwezinye izinhlelo. Kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yalolu hlelo, izifundo ezahlukahlukene nezindaba zisashicilelwe.
I-TurboCAD.
Lesi sakamuva esisohlwini lwethu sinikezwe i-turbocad, ngoba ukusebenza kwalo okuyisisekelo akugxili ekwakheni imidwebo enezici ezimbili. Vele, ngokuqaliswa kwalo msebenzi, iyunithi lonke kanye neqoqo lamathuluzi ahlukahlukene anikezwe kule software, noma kunjalo, abathuthukisi banake kakhulu ukumodeli kwe-3D kwezinto ezihlukile. Kunezinguqulo ezahlukene zale CARD, zilolwe ngezidingo zabasebenzisi abathile, ngokwesibonelo, inguqulo yokwakha enwetshiwe noma yokwakha umshini nesethi ecebile yemitapo yolwazi.
Ezinguqulweni zokugcina ze-turbocad, ukusekelwa kwamafayela we-autocad kwavela, okuzovumela ngaphandle kwezinkinga ukushintshanisa amaphrojekthi kule software emibili. Kukhona ukwesekwa okuphelele kolimi lwaseRussia, futhi inguqulo ejwayelekile isatshalaliswa mahhala. Kuyo uzothola iqoqo lawo wonke amathuluzi adingekayo - izibopho, izinhlobo zemigqa kanye nobubi bejometri, izinto eziguqula, zisebenza ngezendlalelo nokunye okuningi.
Kulesi sihloko wawujwayelene nama-analoguc ahlukahlukene e-autocad cad ethandwayo. Njengoba ubona, kunenani elikhulu ngokwanele ezinye izindlela, zonke zikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngamathuluzi amaningi awusizo nemisebenzi esetshenziswa ekuklameni nasekudonseni imidwebo.