Maitiro ekusarudza kadhi vhidhiyo kune amaibhodhi

Imwe yekuwedzera (disctete) vhidhiyo adapter inodiwa mune zviitiko apo pasina graphic chip mune processor uye / komputa inoda kushanda kwayo mumitambo inorema, graphic editors uye vhidhiyo kurongedza zvirongwa zvevhidhiyo.

Inofanira kurangarirwa kuti vhidhiyo adapter inofanira kuenderana neyezvino mifananidzo adapter uye processor. Zvakare, kana ukaronga kushandisa komputa yemitambo inorema mifananidzo, wozoita shuwa kuti mwanasikana bhodhi ane kugona kuisa imwezve inotonhorera system yekadhi revhidhiyo.

About Vagadziri

Nekusunungurwa kwemakadhi emifananidzo ekushandisa kwakapetwa, vashoma vashoma vagadziri vakabatanidzwa. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kugadzirwa kweiyo graphics adaptters iri paNvidia tekinoroji, AMD kana Intel. Matunhu matatu matatu ari kuita kusunungurwa uye kusimudzira kwemakadhi evhidhiyo, funga nezvevakashata zvisizvo.

• Nvidia ndiyo kambani yakakurumbira inokudzwa iyo iri kuita kusunungurwa kweiyo graphic adaptters yekuparadza kwakapararira. Zvigadzirwa zvaro pakutanga zvakatarisana nevatambi uye avo vanoshanda nehunyanzvi nevhidhiyo uye / kana mifananidzo. Kunyangwe mutengo wakanyanya wezvigadzirwa, vashandisi vazhinji (vasingatomboda kwazvo) vanopa kambani iyi kambani. Madekitori ayo anosarudzika nekuvimbika, kushanda kwakanyanya uye kwakanaka.
• AMD ndiyo hurukuro yekukwikwidza Nvidia, kuvandudza makadhi emavhidhiyo pachigaro chayo chaicho. Mukubatana neAMD processor, uko kune yakasanganiswa mifananidzo adapter, iyo "Tsvuku" zvigadzirwa zvinopa maitiro ekumusoro. AMD Mahandapu akakurumidza kwazvo, akanyatsokurumidza, asi iva nematambudziko nekunyanyisa uye kuwirirana nemaitiro e "mukwikwidzi webhuruu" asi panguva imwechete ivo havana kudhura kwazvo;



• Intel - Chekutanga pane zvese, maofactstem processor neiyo graphilics jekisiti adapter maererano neTekinoroji wega, asi zvakare yakagadzirwa kugadzirwa uye yega yega adaptrac. Makadhi evhidhiyo emavhidhiyo haana kusiyaniswa nekuita kwakanyanya, asi ivo vanotora hunhu hwavo uye kuvimbika, saka vakanakira kune yakajairika "muchina wehofisi." Panguva imwe chete, mutengo wazvo wakakwira kwazvo;



• Msi - inoburitsa makadhi evhidhiyo naNvidia patent. Chekutanga pane zvese, zvinouya kuzotarisana nevaridzi vemitambo yemitambo uye nyanzvi yemidziyo. Zvigadzirwa zvekambani iyi zvinodhura, asi panguva imwecheteyo zvinobudirira, hunhu hwepamusoro uye hazvikonzeri nyaya dzinoenderana;



• Gigabyte mumwe mugadziri wezvikamu zvemakomputa, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma zvinotora kosi pane chikamu chemashini ekumirira. Chaizvoizvo, inoburitsa makadhi evhidhiyo uchishandisa tekinoroji yeNvidia, asi kwaive nekuedza kugadzira iyo amd sampula makadhi. Basa reVigraphic Adaptrers kubva kuMugadziri uyu harizokanganisa chero zvichemo zvakakomba, pamwe nevane mutengo unonyanya kugamuchirwa kupfuura msi naNvidia;



• Asus ndiyo yakakurumbira mugadziri yemakomputa emakomputa pane komputa uye zvikamu kwavari. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, yakatanga kugadzira makadhi evhidhiyo zvichienderana neNiania uye AMD chiyero. Muzhinji, iyo kambani inoburitsa mishonga yemifananidzo yemitambo yemitambo uye nyanzvi yemakomputa, asi kune zvakare mitezo isingadhuri yekumusha mota yemilimedia.

Zvakakodzerawo kuyeuka kuti makadhi evhidhiyo akapatsanurwa muzvikamu zvakati wandei:

• Nvidia geforce. Mutsetse uyu unoshandiswa nevose vagadziri vanoburitsa makadhi eNvidia;
• Amd radeon. Akashandiswa anozvidhira ivo uye vagadziri vanogadzira zvigadzirwa maererano nezvinodiwa.
• Intel HD mifananidzo. Inoshandiswa chete neIntel.

Makosi ari pasi pevhidhiyo kadhi

Pane ese emazuva ese emabodhi mune yakakosha pci mhando connector, iyo iwe yaunogona kubatanidza yakawedzera graphic adapter uye zvimwe zvimwe zvikamu. Panguva ino yakagoverwa kuita shanduro mbiri huru: PCI uye PCI-Express.

Sarudzo yekutanga inokurumidza kusangoita uye haina bandwidth yakanakisa, saka haina musoro kutenga graphiclio resimba rehatidziro pasi payo, nekuti Iyo yekupedzisira ichashanda hafu yesimba rayo. Asi inobata zvakanaka nebhajeti mifananidzo yemakiromita e "michina yehofisi" uye nzvimbo dzechilimedia. Zvakare, iva nechokwadi chekuona kana kadhi vhidhiyo inotsigira rudzi urwu rwekubatana. Mamwe ma samples emazuva ano (kunyange iyo bhajeti yebhajeti) inogona kusatsigira yakadaro chikamu.

Iyo yechipiri sarudzo inowanzo kuwanikwa mumazuva ano mamaoko uye inotsigirwa nemakadhi ese emavhidhiyo, kunze kwemhando dzekare kwazvo. Zviri nani kutenga iyo ine simba graphics adapta (kana inoverengeka adaptters), nekuti Taya yayo inopa yakakwana bandwidth uye yakanakisa kuwirirana ne processor, RAM uye Shanda nemakadhi evhidhiyo akati wandei pamwe chete. Nekudaro, mamaBooards pasi pechinyorwa ichi chinogona kunge chiri kudhura zvakanyanya.

Iyo PCI connector inogona kukamurwa kuita shanduro dzinoverengeka - 2.0, 2.1 uye 3.0. Iyo yepamusoro iyo vhezheni, iri nani bandwidth yeTire uye kushanda kwevhidhiyo kadhi mune iyo bundle ine zvimwe zvikamu zvePC. Pasinei neshanduro yeConverter, ichaiswa nyore nyore kuisa chero adapta kana ichisvika kuical iyi.

Zvakare pakuzvarwa kwakakura kwazvo kunogona kuwanikwa panzvimbo yeiyo standard pci kubatana, iyo Agp Type Socket. Icho chinongedzo chakasarudzika uye hapana zvikamu zvingangogadzirwa pasi payo, saka kana uine imba yekare kwazvo bhodhi, saka kadhi nyowani vhidhiyo pasi pechikamu chakadai chichava chakaoma kwazvo kuwana.

Nezve vhidhiyo machipisi

Vhidhiyo Chip ndeye mini-processor iyo inobatanidzwa muVhidhiyo kadhi dhizaini. Simba remagrafiti adapta rinoenderana neye uye pamwe nekuenderana kwayo nezvimwe zvinhu zvekombuta (kunyanya neCentral processor uye amaibhodhi mbichana). Semuenzaniso, AMD uye Intel Vhidhiyo Makadhi ane vhidhiyo machipisi, inopa yakanakisa kuwirirana neyemugadziri processor, iwe ukasarasikirwa zvakanyanya mukugadzira uye kunaka kwebasa.

Iko kuita kweVhidhiyo machipisi, mukupesana nepakati procent processor, haina kuyerwa mu nuclei uye frequency, asi mune shadha (komputa) zvidhinha. Mukukosha, ichi chimwe chinhu chakafanana neye mini-musimboti wepakati processor, chete mumakadhi emavhidhiyo nhamba yeiyo inogona kusvika zviuru zvakati. Semuenzaniso, mamaki ekirasi weBhajeti ane anenge zviuru zvina-600 zvidhinha, avhareji ye600-1000, yakakwira 1000-2800.

Teerera kune chipy yekugadzira maitiro. Izvo zvinoratidzwa muNanometers (NM) uye inofanira kusiyana kubva pa14 kusvika 65 nm mumakadhi emazuva ano mavhidhiyo emavhidhiyo. Kubva kudiki kukosha kwekukosha kwesimba remakadhi uye maitiro ayo anodzidzisa anotsanangura zvikuru. Inokurudzirwa kutenga mhando nehukadzi hushoma hwehunyanzvi hwekuita, nekuti Ivo vanowedzera compact, kushoma kushandisa simba uye zvakanyanya kukosha - kushaya simba.

Mhedzisiro yeVhidhiyo Memory pane kuita

Vhidhiyo yekurangarira kwechimwe chinhu chine kufanana nehurongwa hwekushanda, asi misiyano mikuru ndeyekuti inoshandira zvishoma nemamwe mimwe zviyero uye ine yakakwirira yekushandisa frequency. Pasinei neizvi, zvakakosha kuti ndangariro dzevhidhiyo dzinoenderana neRam, processor uye amaibhodhi, nekuti Iyo mamaboard inotsigira iyo chaiyo Vhidhiyo yekuyeuka, frequency uye mhando.

Musika uyu zvino zvinopa makadhi evhidhiyo neye frequency yeGDDR3, GDDR5, GDDR5X uye HBM. Iyo yekupedzisira ndeye AMD chiyero, saka iyo chete inogadzira, saka zvishandiso zvacho zvichiitwa zvinoenderana neAMD chiyero chinogona kumuka matambudziko akakomba mukushanda kune vamwe vagadziri (vhidhiyo makadhi, process). Nekuita, hbm chimwe chinhu chinoreva pakati peGDDR5 uye GDDR5X.

GDDR3 inoshandiswa muBhajeti Vhidhiyo yemakadhi ane isina kusimba chip, nekuti Kugadzirisa iyo yakakura memory data rwizi, yakakwirira computer simba inodiwa. Rudzi urwu rwekurangarira rune zvishoma frequency pamusika - mune huwandu hwa 1600 mhz kusvika 2000 MHz. Hazvikurudzirwe kuwana graphicic adapta, mune iyo iyo ndangariro frequency iri pazasi 1600 MHZ, nekuti Mune ino kesi, kunyange mitambo isina kusimba ichashanda zvakanyanya.

Iyo inonyanya kumhanya mhando ndeye gddr5, iyo inoshandiswa muMiddle Mutengo chikamu uye kunyange mune mamwe mabhajeti emabhajeti. Iyo Clock Frequency yerudzi urwu ndangariro inenge 2000-3600 MHz. Mukudhura kufungidzira, mhando yakagadziridzwa yemusoro inoshandiswa - GDDR5X, iyo inopa iyo yepamusoro data yekuendesa, pamwe nekuve neye frequency kusvika ku5000 MHZ.

Pamusoro peiyo mhando yekuyeuka, teerera kuwanda kwayo. Kune anenge 1 GB yeVhidhiyo Memory muBhajeti Makadhi, mune yepakati Mutengo chikamu ndechechokwadi kuti uwane mhando ne2 GB yemamiro. Mune chikamu chinodhura zvakanyanya, kadhi vhidhiyo ine 6 GB yekuyeuka inogona kuitika. Neraki, kune yakajairika kushanda kwemitambo yemazuva ano, graphic adaptra ne 2 GB yevhidhiyo ndangariro dzakakwana. Asi kana iwe uchida komputa yemitambo iyo inogona kudhonza mitambo inogadzira uye mushure memakore 2-3, wozotenga makadhi evhidhiyo neyekuyeuka kwepamusoro. Zvakare, usakanganwa nezve chokwadi chekuti zvakanakisa kupa manyawi kune rudzi rwekurangarira gddr5 uye kugadziridzwa kwayo, mune iyo nyaya haifanire kudzingirirwa pamusoro pevhoriyamu hombe. Zvirinani kutenga kadhi ne 2 GB GBD5 pane ne4 GB GDDD3.

Kunyangwe teerera kune iyo bhazi hupamhi hwekutapirwa data. Pasina mhosva inofanira kunge isingasviki mabheti gumi nemaviri, neimwe nzira, iwe uchave uine maitiro akaderera mune anenge zvese zvirongwa. Upamhi hwakaringana hwetiripo hwasies mukati megumi nematanhatu.

Energy inobudirira graphic adaptrers

Dzimwe mabhodhi ehurongwa uye zvinhu zvekushandisa hazvikwanisi kuchengetedza iro risina kukoshesa simba uye / kana isina hukama hwakakosha kubatanidza simba rezvinyorwa zvevhidhiyo, saka zvine pfungwa. Kana iyo graphics adapter haina kukodzera chikonzero chekakwirira simba rekushandisa, saka iwe unogona kuiisa (kana mamiriro akasara akakodzera), asi usaite zvakanyanya.

Iko kushandiswa kwesimba kwemakadhi evhidhiyo ekirasi yakasiyana ndeyekutevera:

• Iyo yekutanga kirasi haisi kupfuura 70 W. Kadhi rekirasi ino pasina matambudziko achashanda ne chero chazvino chamaibhodhi uye simba;
• Iyo yepakati kirasi iri mukati me 70-150 W. Nekuda kweizvi, hazvisi zvese zvikamu zvichave zvakakodzera;
• Mepu dzakakwirira-dzekuita - dzakatenderedza 150 kusvika 300 W. Mune ino kesi, inopa nyanzvi yemagetsi uye mamaboard ichadikanwa, iyo inochinjirwa kune izvo zvinodiwa nemichina yemitambo.

Kutonhora mumakadhi evhidhiyo

Kana iyo graphic adapta ikatanga kufadza, saka iyo, seye processor, haigone kungokundikana chete, asi zvakare kukuvadza kutendeka kwembambo, iyo ichazotungamira pakuputsa kukuru. Naizvozvo, makadhi evhidhiyo achaonekwa mune yakavakirwa-inotonhora system, iyo yakakamurwawo mumhando dzinoverengeka:

• Passive - mune ino kesi, haina kusungirirwa kumepu kana chinhu chekutonhora, kana chete radiator inobatanidzwa mukuita, iyo isiri yakawanda inoshanda. Adhabheti yakadaro kazhinji hapana kuita kwakanyanya, saka, kutonhora zvakanyanya nekuda kwacho pasina kudiwa;



• Active - pane yatove neyakafemera-yakazadzwa system inotonhorera - ine radiator, fan uye dzimwe nguva nemhangura mhangura inkara. Inogona kushandiswa mumavhidhiyo emhando ipi neipi. Imwe yeanonyanya kushanda kudzora sarudzo;



• Turbine - munzira dzakawanda zvinoita kunge shanduro inoshanda. Mhosva yakakura kwazvo yakabatanidzwa nekadhi, apo pane inokosha turbine inodhonza mhepo kune yakakwirira simba uye ichityaira kuburikidza nemurazi uye machubhu akasarudzika. Nekuda kwemifananidzo yayo inogona kuiswa chete pamakadhi makuru uye ane simba.

Teerera kune chokwadi chekuti maburi e fan uye madziro emarara anogadzirwa. Kana mitoro mikuru ikanzi kadhi, zviri nani kusiya mamodels ine mapurasitiki radiators uye funga iyo sarudzo neAluminium. Iyo yakanakisa radiators ine mhangura kana yesimbi madziro. Zvakare, kune "kupisa" graphic adaptra, mafeni ane simbi mavara akakodzera kwazvo, uye kwete mapurasitiki, nekuti Avo vanogona kunyungudika.

Zvidimbu zvemakadhi evhidhiyo

Kana iwe uine diki uye / kana yakachipa system board, edza kusarudza zvidiki zvidiki graphic adaptra, nekuti Yakakura kwazvo inogona kuwana isina kusimba mbichana kana kungozvipfeka kana iri diki kwazvo.

Kuparadzaniswa pamatanho, zvakadaro. Mamwe makadhi anogona kunge ari madiki, asi aya anowanzo kuve nemhando dzisina kusimba pasina chero system inotonhorera, kana ine mhanya diki. Izvo zviyero chaizvo zviri nani kududzira pane webhusaiti yemugadziri kana muchitoro kana uchitenga.

Iyo upamhi hwekadhi vhidhiyo inogona kutsamira pane huwandu hwekubatana pairi. Pazvinenge zvakachipa, mutsara mumwe weungano zvinowanzoitika (2 zvidimbu mumutsara).

Vanobatanidza pane kadhi vhidhiyo

Rondedzero yezvinyorwa zvekunze zvinosanganisira:

• DVI - IYI, yakabatana neyezvino monitors, saka ichi chinongedzera chinenge chichiisa pamakadhi ese evhidhiyo. Iyo yakakamurwa kuita mbiri subtypes - DVI-D uye DVI-I. Muchiitiko chekutanga, kune chete chinyorwa chedhijitari, mune yechipiri pane chiratidzo cheAnalog;
• HDMI - Izvo, zvinokwanisika kubatanidza manhamba emazuva ano kune komputa. Iko kunongova kwakadaro kwakabatana pamakadhi epakati uye yakakwira mutengo chikamu;
• Vga - inoda kubatanidza vazhinji monitors uye mapepa;
• Showport - kune chete nhamba diki yemhando yemadhi kadhi, yaishandiswa kubatanidza rondedzero diki yemamongi akakosha.

Zvakare, iva nechokwadi chekuteerera kuvapo kwakakosha kwekubatana kwekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemakadhi evhidhiyo Ivo vakakamurwa kuva 6 ne8 pini. Zvekushanda kwakaringana, zvinodikanwa kuti yako kiredhiti kadhi uye simba yekupa simba inotsigira data contaction uye nhamba yavo yekubatana.

Tsigiro yemakadhi evhidhiyo akati wandei

Makadhi etera enyika epakati uye mienzaniso yakakura ine akati wandei slots yekubatanidza makadhi evhidhiyo. Kazhinji nhamba yavo haina kupfuura gumi zvimedu, asi mumakomputa akasarudzika panogona kunge paine zvishoma. Pamusoro pekuwanika kwehuwandu hwekubatana kwemahara, zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti makadhi evhidhiyo anogona kushanda mune imwe bundle nemumwe. Kuti uite izvi, funga nezvemitemo yakati wandei:

• Iyo mamaboard inofanira kutsigira basa remakadhi evhidhiyo akati wandei mumabhandi. Dzimwe nguva zvinoitika kuti iyo inodiwa yekubatanidza inowanikwa, asi iyo mbichana inotsigira chete yeiyo graphics dema, nepo "yakawedzera" yekubatanidza inoita zvakanyanya kusaririra.
• Makadhi ese evhidhiyo anofanirwa kuitwa neyakaenzana - nvidia kana amd. Zvikasadaro, havazokwanisi kufambidzana uye nekukonana, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kukundikana muhurongwa;
• Pamapuranga emifananidzo, panofanira kuve neanobatanidza zvakakosha zvebhandi pamwe chete navo kubva kune mamwe maachinjika, kana zvisina kudaro hauzowana kuvandudzwa kwekuita. Kana paine chete chinongedzo chakadai pane mepu, ipapo chete adapta inogona kubatana kana iyo maipro ari maviri, saka huwandu hwakanyanya hwemakadhi evhidhiyo anowedzera kusvika ku3, pamwe neinonyanya.

Pane mumwe mutemo wakakosha maererano nekadhi reamai - panofanira kunge paine rutsigiro rweimwe yehunyanzvi hwemakadhi evhidhiyo - sli kana kuyambuka. Yekutanga ndiyo yendarira nvidia, yechipiri iri amd. Semutemo, pane akawanda masisitimu, kunyanya bhajeti uye yechipiri-bhajeti chikamu, pane kutsigirwa kweumwe chete wavo. Naizvozvo, kana uine iyo nvidia adapta, uye iwe unoda kutenga imwe kadhi kubva kumugadziri mumwechete, iwe unofanira kutsiva iyo madiki kadhi kadhi pane analogue kubva kuAMD uye utengezve kubva pane zvakafanana Mugadziri.

Hazvina basa kuti rudzii rwechiratidzo cheLigmenji inotsigira mwanasikana - Imwe Vhidhiyo kadhi kubva kune chero mugadziri anowanzoitwa neyekatidziro (asi kana iwe uchida kuisa makadhi maviri, ipapo ungangove uine matambudziko.

Ngatitarisei nezvakanakira zvemakadhi evhidhiyo akati wandei anoshanda mune bundu:

• Kuwedzera kwechibereko;
• Dzimwe nguva zvinonyanya kubatsira kutenga kadhi rekuwedzera kadhi (maererano nemutengo-mhando ratio) pane kuisa mutsva, une simba;
• Kana imwe yemakadhi ikatadza, komputa icharamba ichishanda zvakanaka uye ichakwanisa kudhonza mitambo inorema, zvisinei, yatove pamatanho akadzika.

Kune zvakare iyo yayo nguva:

• Nyaya dzinoenderana. Dzimwe nguva, kana uchiisa makadhi maviri evhidhiyo, kuita kunogona kungowedzera;
• Kwekushanda nesimba, simba rine simba uye kutonhora kwakanaka kunodiwa, nekuti Simba rekushandisa uye kupisa kwematanho emakadhi evhidhiyo akati wandei akaiswa padhuze nekuwedzera zvakawanda;
• Ivo vanogona kuburitsa ruzha rwakawanda nekuda kwezvikonzero kubva panguva yakapfuura.

Paunenge uchitenga kadhi vhidhiyo, iva nechokwadi chekuenzanisa hunhu hwese hweiyo system board, iyo simba remagetsi uye yepakati processor ine kurudziro yemhando iyi. Zvakare ita chokwadi chekutenga iyo modhi apo iyo hupamhi hurumende yakapihwa, nekuti Ichi chikamu chekombuta chinoburitswa nemitoro mikuru uye inogona kutadza chero nguva. Iyo avhareji waranti nguva inosiyana mukati memwedzi gumi nemaviri, asi pamwe zvimwe.