Ungayisetha kanjani inethiwekhi eDebian

I-Debian uhlelo oluthile lokusebenza. Abasebenzisi abaningi, ukuwubeka, babhekana nohlobo oluhlukile lwenkinga lapho besebenza nakho. Iqiniso ngukuthi le os idinga ukumisa iningi lezakhi. I-athikili izokhuluma ngendlela yokuhlela inethiwekhi ku-Debian.

Ngokomphumela, ifayela lokucushwa kufanele libukeke kanjena:

Igama kuphela le-interface yenethiwekhi elingahluka.

Ukuxhumana okunentambo ngekheli elinamandla sekulungiselelwe nje. Uma unekheli le-IP le-TOSTIC, khona-ke udinga ukumisa inethiwekhi ngenye indlela:

1. Vula ifayela lokucushwa esigungwini:

   Sudo nano / njll / inethiwekhi / izindawo zokuxhumana

2. Njengoba ukhiphe umugqa owodwa ekugcineni, faka umbhalo ongezansi, wethula imininingwane edingekayo ezindaweni ezifanele:

   I-Auto [Inethiwekhi Igama Lwamagama]

   I-IFACE [Inethiwekhi Igama elisebenzisana ne-Inet Static

   Ikheli [Ikheli]

   I-NetMask [Ikheli]

   I-Gateway [Ikheli]

   I-DNS-Nameservers [Ikheli]

3. Gcina izinguquko bese uphuma esihleli seNANO.

Khumbula ukuthi igama lesikhombimsebenzisi senethiwekhi lingatholwa ngokungena kwi- "IP ADDRED" Command ku-terminal. Uma ungayazi yonke eminye imininingwane, zingatholakala kumadokhumenti avela kumhlinzeki noma abuze opharetha kusuka ekusekelweni kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ngokusho kwenani lezenzo zonke, inethiwekhi ye-Wired izolungiswa. Kwezinye izimo, ukuze zonke izinguquko ziqale ukusebenza, udinga ukwenza umyalo okhethekile:

ISudo Systemctl restart Networking

Noma qala kabusha ikhompyutha.

Indlela 2: Imenenja yenethiwekhi

Uma ungaphazamisi ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-terminal ukumisa ukuxhumana okubulalayo noma ubhekene nobunzima lapho ukhipha imiyalo evelele ngaphambili, ungasebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile lwe-Network Manager olunesibonisi senethiwekhi esikhethekile esine-interface ekhethekile enesibonisi senethiwekhi.

1. Vula iwindi lezilungiselelo ze-Network Manager ngokucindezela okhiye be-ALT + F2 bese ufaka lo myalo kunkambu ehambisanayo:

   I-NM-Connection-Editor



2. Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka" ukwengeza uxhumano olusha lwenethiwekhi.



3. Nquma uhlobo lokuxhumana okusha njenge- "Ethernet" ngokukhetha iphuzu legama elifanayo ohlwini bese uchofoza "Dala ...".



4. Ewindini elisha elivula, faka igama lokuxhumeka.



5. Kuthebhu Okujwayelekile, faka amabhokisi okuhlola ezintweni ezimbili zokuqala ukuze uqale ikhompyutha, bonke abasebenzisi bangaxhuma ngokuzenzakalelayo.



6. Kuthebhu ye-ETERNET, nquma ikhadi lakho lenethiwekhi (1) bese ukhetha indlela yekheli le-Mac Cloning (2). Futhi kuhlu lokuxoxisana ngesixhumanisi, khetha i-String "Ukuziba" (3). Zonke izinkambu ezisele azishintshi.



7. Chofoza ithebhu ye- "IPV4" bese ukhetha indlela yokusetha njenge- "othomathikhi (DHCP)." Uma iseva ye-DNS ingatholi ngqo kumhlinzeki, khetha u- "OUTOMATE (DHCP, ikheli le-DNS kuphela)" bese ufaka amaseva we-DNS endle yegama elifanayo.



8. Chofoza u- "Gcina".

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuxhumana kuzofakwa. Kepha ngale ndlela, ungahlela kuphela i-IP enamandla, uma ikheli lekheli lekheli, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Ukusuka ku- "Sethaup Way" Uhlu, ukhethe "Ibhukwana".
2. Endaweni ethi "ikheli", chofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka".
3. Faka okunye ikheli, imaski yenethiwekhi nesango.

   QAPHELA: Ungathola lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ngokuxhumana nomhlinzeki wakho.

4. Cacisa amaseva e-DNS emkhakheni wegama elifanayo.
5. Chofoza u- "Gcina".

Ukuqeda inethiwekhi kuzofakwa. Uma ungavuli amasayithi esipheqululini, kunconyelwa ukuqala kabusha ikhompyutha.

Indlela 3: Uhlelo lokusebenza "lwenethiwekhi"

Abanye abasebenzisi bangahlangabezana nenkinga lapho besebenzisa iMenenja yenethiwekhi. Kulokhu, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kohlelo okuhlala kusebenza ngokuqikathekayo. Ungayivula ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Ngokuchofoza kwinkomba yenethiwekhi ohlangothini lwesokudla lwephaneli ye-gnome nokukhetha into ethi "I-Wiret Network Parameters".



2. Ukufaka amapharamitha wesistimu ngemenyu bese uchofoza isithonjana esithi "Network".

Lapho ukusetshenziswa sekuvulekile, ukumisa ukuxhumana okunentambo, yenza okulandelayo:

1. Vula i-inkinobho yenethiwekhi ibe sesimweni esisebenzayo.



2. Chofoza inkinobho ngesithombe segiya.



3. Ewindini elisha, vula isigaba "Ukuhlonza", chaza igama lokuxhumana okusha bese ukhetha ikheli le-MAC ohlwini. Futhi lapha ungavumela ukuxhumeka okuzenzakalelayo kwinethiwekhi yekhompyutha ngemuva kokuqala i-OS futhi wenze ukuxhumana kutholakale kubo bonke abasebenzisi ngokubeka uphawu lokuhlola ezintweni ezifanele.



4. Iya esigabeni se- "IPV4" bese usetha konke ukushintshwa kwesikhundla sangempela uma umhlinzeki enikeza ikheli le-IP elishukumisayo. Uma iseva ye-DNS idinga ukufakwa ngesandla, bese yenza ukuthi uguqule inkinobho ethi "DNS" bese ufaka iseva ngokwakho.



5. Chofoza u- "Faka isicelo".

Nge-Static IP, kufanele usho ezinye izilungiselelo esigabeni se-IPv4:

1. Ukusuka ohlwini lwe-Drop-Down ", khetha Ibhukwana.
2. Ngefomu elivela ekugcwalisweni, faka ikheli lenethiwekhi, imaski kanye nesango.
3. Ngezansi nje usebenze inkinobho ethi "DNS" bese ufaka ikheli layo enkombeni efanele.

   Qaphela: Uma kunesidingo, ungachofoza inkinobho ethi "+" bese ucacisa amaseva we-DNS angeziwe.

4. Chofoza u- "Faka isicelo".

Manje uyazi ukuthi kanjani ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Debian, lungiselela ukuxhumana okunentambo nge-IP ye-static ne-dynamic. Ihlala kuphela ukukhetha indlela efanelekile.

Uhlobo lwendaba

Ngokungafani nokuxhumeka okunentambo, ungahlela inethiwekhi ye-PPPOE kuDebian ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-PPPOEconf futhi usebenzise uhlelo olusanda kuziwa nge-Network Manager.

Indlela 1: PPPOECONF

I-PPPOECONF Utility iyithuluzi elilula ongakwenza ngalo kunoma yiluphi uhlelo olusebenzayo olususelwa ku-Linux Kernel, lungiselela ukuxhumana nge-PPPOE. Kepha ngokungafani nokusatshalaliswa okuningi, ngesikweletu, lo msebenzi awufakwanga kwangaphambili, ngokulandelana, kufanele kulandwe futhi kufakwe kuqala.

Uma unamandla okulungiselela ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi kwikhompyutha ngokusebenzisa iphuzu lokufinyelela elivulekile, njenge-Wi-Fi, udinga ukwenza lo myalo ukufaka lo myalo wokufaka lo myalo:

Sudo apt faka i-pppoeconf

Uma ungakwazi ukuxhuma ku-Wi-Fi, awukwazi, khona-ke ukusetshenziswa kumele kulayishwe kuqala kwenye idivaysi bese ubeka ku-flash drive.

Landa i-pppoeconf ngezinhlelo ezingama-64-bit

Landa i-pppoeconf ngezinhlelo ezingama-32-bit

Ngemuva kwalokho, faka i-USB Flash Drayivu bese wenza okulandelayo:

1. Kopisha Ifolda ye- "Download" usebenzisa i-Nautilus Standard File Manager yalokhu.
2. Vula isiginali.
3. Yiya kukho kusikhombisi lapho ifayili litholakala khona. Kulokhu, udinga ukuya kufolda ethi "Ukulanda". Ukuze wenze lokhu, landela:

   I-CD / Ikhaya / Igama lomsebenzisi / Ukulanda

   Qaphela: Esikhundleni se- "Username", kufanele uchaze igama lomsebenzisi elichazwe lapho ufaka i-Debian.

4. Bhalisela ukusetshenziswa kwe-PPPOEconf ngokusebenzisa umyalo:

   Sudo Dpkg -Ngi [Pakagename] .Deb

   Lapho, esikhundleni se- "[Pakagename], udinga ukucacisa igama lefayela eligcwele.

Lapho umsebenzi usufakiwe ohlelweni, ungaya ngqo kwinethiwekhi ye-PPPOE. Kwalokhu:

1. Gijimisa ukusetshenziswa okufakiwe ngokusebenza esigungwini:

   Sudo pppoconf.

2. Lindela ukuskena kwamadivayisi.



3. Nquma interface yenethiwekhi ohlwini.

   

   Qaphela: Uma ikhadi lenethiwekhi lilodwa kuphela, isikhombimsebenzisi senethiwekhi sinqunywa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi lesi sinyathelo sizophuthelwa.

4. Phendula ukuvunywa - Utility ukukunikeza ukusetshenziswa kwezilungiselelo zokuxhuma ezithandwayo ezilungele abasebenzisi abaningi.



5. Faka ukungena ngemvume okukhishwe ngumhlinzeki wakho bese uqhafaza KULUNGILE.



6. Faka iphasiwedi ekunikeze umhlinzeki bese uqhafaza KULUNGILE.



7. Phendula ekuqiniseni uma amaseva we-DNS anqunywa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, khetha u- "Cha" bese uwachaza ngokwakho.



8. Vumela ukusetshenziswa ukunciphisa umkhawulo wevolumu ye-MSS kuya ku-1452 Byte. Lokhu kuzokhipha amaphutha lapho kuvulwa amasayithi.



9. Khetha u- "Yebo" ukuze uxhumano lwe-PPPOE lufakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhathi ngasinye lapho uhlelo luqala.



10. Ukusungula ukuxhumana njengamanje, phendula "yebo."

Uma ukhethe impendulo "Yebo", ukuxhumana kwe-Intanethi kumele sekufakiwe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuxhuma, kufanele ufake umyalo:

Sudo pon dsl-umhlinzeki

Ukucisha, ukwenza:

Sudo poff DSL-umhlinzeki

Kulomyalo wokusetha inethiwekhi ye-PPPOE kusetshenziswa ukusetshenziswa kwe-PPPOEconf, kungaphothulwa. Kepha uma uhlangabezana nobunzima obuthile lapho kugcwaliseka, bese uzama ukusebenzisa indlela yesibili.

Indlela 2: Imenenja yenethiwekhi

Usebenzisa iMenenja Yenethiwekhi, uxhumano lwe-PPPOE luzothatha isikhathi eside, kepha uma ungenalo amandla okulanda ukusetshenziswa kwe-PPPOeconf kwikhompyutha yakho, khona-ke ukuphela kwendlela yokulungiselela i-Intanethi ngesikweletu.

1. Vula iwindi lohlelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza inhlanganisela yokhiye we-Alt + F2 bese ufaka umyalo olandelayo enkundleni evelayo:

   I-NM-Connection-Editor



2. Ewindini elivula, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka".



3. Khetha intambo "DSL" kusuka ohlwini bese uchofoza inkinobho yokudala.



4. Iwindi lizovuleka lapho udinga ukufaka igama lokuxhumeka kwintambo efanele.



5. Kuthebhu Okujwayelekile, kunconywa ukubeka imikhaza ngamaphoyinti amabili okuqala ukuze uma uvula i-PC, bonke abasebenzisi bakwazi ukufinyelela kukho.



6. Kuthebhu ye-DSL, faka igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi emikhakheni efanele. Uma ungenayo le datha, ungabathola kumhlinzeki.

   

   Qaphela: Igama lensizakalo akuyona neze.

7. Ukuya ku- "Ethernet", khetha igama le-interface yenethiwekhi ohlwini lwe- "Idivaysi", kuhlu lwezincazelo ze-Link Disforment - "Ziba" inkambu "yekheli le-" Cloning Mac ", chaza" Gcina ".



8. Kuthebhu ye- "IPv4" Parameters, nge-IP enamandla, udinga ukukhetha "ngokuzenzakalelayo (i-PPPOE)" ngesikhathi se-IP enamandla.



Uma iseva DNS ifika hhayi ngokuqondile wesevisi, khetha "ngokuzenzakalela (PPPoe, ikheli kuphela)" bese ufaka ngokwakho emkhakheni igama elifanayo.



Esimeni lapho une ikheli static IP, udinga ukukhetha ngendlela manual bese ubhalisa zonke nemingcele emasimini ezifanele okufakwayo.



9. Chofoza u- "Londoloza" futhi uvala iwindi hlelo.

Uxhumano lwe-inthanethi ngemva kokuthi zonke izenzo kumele ukufakwa. Uma lokhu akunjalo, sokuqalisa kabusha ikhompyutha kuzosiza.

Shayela phezulu.

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ukuxhumana Ukudayela-Up Inthanethi manje sezibhekwa njengezindawo komncane ethandwa ngakho izinhlelo, nge isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza, lapho ungase wenze kulungiselelwa, e Debian khona. Kodwa kukhona inhlangano pppconfig nge isikhombikubona pseudographic. Ungakwazi futhi ukuthi uhlele usebenzisa Umbuso WVDIAL, kodwa yonke into ngiyithola ukuze.

Indlela 1: pppconfig

I PPPConfig Umbuso ngokuyinhloko efana PPPoEConfig: ngenkathi kusethwa udinga nje ukunikeza izimpendulo zemibuzo, ngemva kwalokho uxhumano lizofakwa. Kodwa lokhu Umbuso is hhayi pre-efakwe ohlelweni, ngakho uyilande ngokusebenzisa "Isikhumulo":

Sudo Apt Fakela Pppconfig

Uma ungenayo i-Internet ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka ukufaka kusukela flash drive. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuqala ukulanda iphakheji PPPConfig bese ulahla yona idrayivu.

Download pppconfig for 64-bit izinhlelo

Download pppconfig for 32-bit izinhlelo

Khona-ke, i-ukufakwa, enze lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Faka USB flash drive zibe computer yakho.
2. Yisa idatha kusuka ku-"Ukulanda" ifolda, esemgwaqweni lwemibhalo ekhaya yesistimu yokusebenza.
3. Vula isiginali.
4. Iya ifolda lapho ushukumiseleka ifayela ne Umbuso indawo, okungukuthi, e "Ukulanda":

   I-CD / Ikhaya / Igama lomsebenzisi / Ukulanda

   Kuphela esikhundleni "Igama lomsebenzisi" ufake igama lomsebenzisi ukuthi ecacisiwe uma ufaka uhlelo.

5. Faka iphakethe PPPConfig usebenzisa umyalo ekhethekile:

   Sudo Dpkg -Ngi [Pakagename] .Deb

   Lapho esikhundleni "[PackageName]" igama ifayela Deb.

Njengoba nje iphakethe oyifunayo efakwe ohlelweni, ungakwazi ukuqhubeka ngqo ukumisa uxhumano Ukudayela-Up.

1. Gijimani Umbuso pppconfig:

   Sudo Pppconfig DoCoMo.

2. Ku-window lokuqala esibonakalayo pseudographic, khetha u- "Dala Connection aqanjwe DoCoMo" bese uqhebeza OK.



3. Khona-ke ichaze indlela ukumisa amaseva e-DNS. Nge static IP, khetha u- "Sebenzisa Static DNS", nge ashukumisayo - "Sebenzisa Dynamic DNS".

   

   Okubalulekile: Uma ngabe ukhethe "Sebenzisa Static DNS", bese kudingeka ufake ikheli le-IP we main futhi, uma kukhona iseva ezengeziwe.

4. Tfola indlela ubuqiniso ngokukhetha "Uhlelo Lokumelana Nokucindezela Ukugunyaza Esilula" into bese uqhebeza OK.



5. Faka ngemvume elinikwe kuwe ngumhlinzeki.



6. Faka iphasiwedi oyitholile kumhlinzeki.

   

   QAPHELA: Uma ungenayo le datha, thintana nokwesekwa kwezobuchwepheshe komhlinzeki futhi uzithole kusuka ku-opharetha.

7. Manje udinga ukucacisa ijubane elikhulu le-Intanethi, elizokunikeza imodemu. Uma kungadingekile ukukukhawulela, awudingi ukufaka inani eliphezulu enkundleni bese uqhafaza KULUNGILE.



8. Thola indlela yokudayela njengethoni, ngokulandelana, khetha u- "Ithoni" bese uqhafaza KULUNGILE.



9. Faka inombolo yakho yocingo. Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi udinga ukufaka idatha ngaphandle kokusebenzisa uphawu lwedeshi.



10. Cacisa itheku lemodemu yakho elixhunyiwe kulo.

    

    Qaphela: Amachweba wohlobo lwe-TTYS0-TTYS3 angabukwa kusetshenziswa i-sudo ls -l / dev / ttys * umyalo

11. Ewindini lokugcina, uzokwethulwa ngombiko kuyo yonke imininingwane efakwe ngaphambili. Uma konke kulungile, khetha "ukuqedela amafayela abhale bese ubuyela kwimenyu enkulu" intambo bese ucindezela u-Enter.

Manje ngokuxhuma uhlala umyalo owodwa kuphela:

Pon docomo.

Ukwephula ukuxhumana, sebenzisa lo myalo:

poff docomo.

Indlela 2: wvdial

Uma wehlulekile ukumisa ukuxhumana okuxhumeka kokushayela usebenzisa indlela edlule, nakanjani izokwenza nge-WVDial Utility. Kuzosiza ukudala ifayela elikhethekile ohlelweni, ngemuva kwalokho kuzodingeka ukwenza izinguquko ezithile. Manje kuzocaciswa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani.

1. Okokuqala udinga ukufaka ohlelweni lwe-WVDIal, kulokhu, ku-ukuphela, kwanele ukwenza:

   Sudo apt faka i-wvdial

   Futhi, uma ngabe okwamanje awulungiselelwe kuleli phuzu, ungalanda kuqala iphakethe oyifunayo kusuka esizeni kwelinye idivaysi, uyiphonse kwi-USB Flash Drayivu bese uyifaka kwikhompyutha yakho.

   Landa i-WvDial ngezinhlelo ezingama-64-bit

   Landa i-WvDial ngezinhlelo ezingama-32-bit



2. Ngemuva kokuthi kufakwe umsebenzi ohlelweni lwakho, kufanele kuqalwe ukudala ifayela elifanayo lokucushwa esizoshintsha ngemuva kwalokho. Ukuze uqale, gijima umyalo olandelayo:

   Sudo wvdialconf.

3. Ifayela lakhiwa kwisikhombi se- "/ njll /" futhi libizwa nge- "wvdial.conf". Ivule kusihleli sombhalo:

   Sudo nano /etc/wvdial.conf.

4. Izogcina amapharamitha afundwe yi-Utility kusuka kumodemu yakho. Kufanele futhi ugcwalise imigqa emithathu: ifoni, igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi.



5. Gcina izinguquko (Ctrl + O) bese uvala umhleli (CTRL + X).

Ukuxhumeka kokushayela kulungiselelwe, kepha ukukucisha, udinga ukwenza omunye umyalo:

sudo wvdial

Ukulungiselela ukuxhumana okuzenzakalelayo kwinethiwekhi, lapho ikhompyutha iqala, kwanele ukwenza lo myalo ku-Debian Autoload.

Ukugcina

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi, kanti isikweletu sonke sinawo wonke amathuluzi adingekayo wokucushwa kwawo. Njengoba kungaphawulwa kusuka kwangaphambili, kukhona nezindlela eziningi zokulungiselela uhlobo ngalunye lokuxhuma. Kusafanele uzinqumele ukuthi uzisebenzise kanjani.