Abasebenzisi abaninzi Excel musa ukubona umahluko phakathi kwala magama ze "fomati yeseli" yaye "Uhlobo data". Enyanisweni, oku kude amagama afanayo, nangona, eneneni, ngokuqhagamshelana. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni undoqo iindidi zedata, zeziphi iindidi bahlukene, nendlela emsebenzini kunye nabo.
Ukwahlukanisa iindidi zedata
Uhlobo lwedatha lo uphawu ulwazi egcinwe kwimakhishithi. Ngokusekelwe kule Uphawu, le nkqubo imisela indlela oza kuyicombulula ngayo le okanye elo xabiso.Types of data bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amakhulu amabini: constants kunye neefomula. Umahluko phakathi kwabo kukuba iifomyula zixhonyiwe esiseleni, leyo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke njani ukuxambulisana kwezinye iiseli ziza kutshintsha. Constants ke amaxabiso rhoqo ukuba andiguquguquki.
Kwelinye icala, constants bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amahlanu:
- Isicatshulwa;
- Idatha yamanani;
- Umhla kunye nexesha;
- data ngendlela enengqondo;
- izinto eziphosakeleyo.
Sifumanisa nganye kwezi ntlobo data imela oko ngakumbi.
Isifundo: Indlela yokutshintsha ifomathi yeseli kwi-Excel
amanani text
Uhlobo lwetekisi iqulethe iinkcukacha bemiqondiso kunye akujongwa Excel libe yinto izibalo. Olu lwazi ngokuyintloko kumsebenzisi, kungekhona ngenxa program. Itekisi inokuba nabaphi na oonobumba, kuquka amanani xa efomatiweyo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngolwimi DAX, olu hlobo lwe data ibhekisela ukwehlisa amaxabiso ityala. Ubude bobude isicatshulwa 268435456 abalinganiswa kwiseli enye.
Ukufaka ibinzana umlinganiswa, kufuneka ukuqaqambisa iseli isicatshulwa okanye ifomathi ekwabelwana apho uya kugcinwa, ucingo okubhaliweyo ukusuka yezitshixo. Ukuba ubude ibinzana itekisi iya ngaphaya kwemida obonakalayo esiseleni, kubhaliwe enyanzeliswa phezu ezikufutshane, nangona iqhubeka ngokwasemzimbeni ukuze zigcinwe esiseleni yokuqala.
idatha yamanani
Idatha yamanani zisetyenziselwa computing ngqo. Oku nabo ukuba Excel lenze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo zemathematika (ukudibanisa, ukuthabatha, ukuphinda-phinda, hlula, ulwakhiwo ingcambu, njalo njalo). Olu hlobo lwe data bujolise kuphela amanani irekhodi, kodwa kwakhona nabalinganiswa abancedisayo (%, $ et al.). Ngokunxulumene kuyo, unako ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezininzi yeefomati:
- Eneneni yinombolo;
- njengepesenti;
- Monetary;
- Financial;
- fraction;
- Kobudlelwano.
Ukongeza, Excel unethuba ukwahlula amanani ngenxa yamanzi, aqingqa inani amanani emva kwekoma (kwamanani fraction).
Ukungena idatha yamanani senziwe ngendlela efanayo njengoko amaxabiso isicatshulwa sithetha ngayo apha ngentla.
Umhla kunye nexesha
Olunye uhlobo lwe data lixesha ifomati kunye nomhla. Oku kanye okwenzekayo xa iindidi zedata fomati bangqamana. Lubonakala yi kukuba kunye nayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba abonise ukuya sheet aze aqhube izibalo kunye nemihla kunye nexesha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba xa kubalwa olu hlobo lwe data kuthatha usuku ngeyunithi nganye. Ngaphezu koko, oku kusebenza kuphela imihla, kodwa ixesha. Umzekelo, 12:30 kuqwalaselwa yile nkqubo, njengoko iintsuku 0,52083, kwaye sele kweli iseli ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
Kukho iindidi eziliqela yokufomata ixesha:
- h: mm: ss;
- h: mm;
- h: mm: SS AM / PM;
- h: mm AM / PM, njl
Le meko iyafana nemihla:
- DD.MM.YYYY;
- DD.MMM
- Mmm.gg nabanye.
Kukho nemihla ezidibeneyo iifomati xesha, ezifana DD: mm: GGYG H: MM.
Kuyimfuneko kwakhona ukuqwalasela ukuba ibonisa inkqubo njengoko imihla amanani ukuqala 01/01/1900.
Isifundo: Indlela ukuguqulela clock imizuzu Excel
data ngendlela enengqondo
Kakhulu umdla uhlobo lwe data ubhalo. Esebenza kunye neenqobo ezimbini kuphela: "Inyaniso" yaye "Ndilale". Ukuba yandisa, oku kuthetha "isiganeko ufikile" yaye "isiganeko hayi akuphumelelanga." Imisebenzi, liqhube imixholo iiseli ukuba idata ubhalo, ukuvelisa izibalo ezithile.
izinto eziphosakeleyo
Uhlobo lwedatha Yahlula ezi amaxabiso eziphosakeleyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba kuvela xa umsebenzi engachanekanga luyenziwa. Umzekelo, imisebenzi ezingachanekanga ezifana libhekisela kiswano okanye ukuqaliswa komsebenzi ngaphandle ekuthobeleni ezinesintaksi. Phakathi Amaxabiso ezitenxileyo zezi zilandelayo:
- # Mean! - ukusebenzisa i uhlobo olungachanekanga yingxoxo umsebenzi;
- #A BUSINESS! - hlula ngu 0;
- #NUMBER! - data ayilungile yamanani;
- # N / D - intsingiselo ingafikeleleki kungene;
- #NAME? - Igama imposiso kwifomula;
- # Engenanto! - Intshayelelo olungachanekanga needilesi kolundi;
- #LINK! - Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli zisusiwe, leyo ngaphambili wabhekisela ifomula.
Iifomula
A eyahlukileyo iqela elikhulu kweentlobo ze data ifomula. Ngokungafaniyo constants, bona, amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ayibonakali kwiiseli, kodwa sukela kuphela isiphumo ukuba iyahluka, kuxhomekeke utshintsho lokuphikisana. Ngokukodwa, neefomyula isebenza izibalo ezahlukeneyo izibalo. Ifomula ngokwayo kunokubonwa ngomtya indlela, ogxininisa iseli apho ikhoyo nokubakho.
imeko olugunyazisiweyo ukuba inkqubo yokwazi amazwi, njengoko ifomula, kuba phambi uphawu kuyo ilingana (=).
Iifomula ukuze ziqulathe izikhombisi kwi ezinye iiseli, kodwa oku kuyimfuneko.
Uhlobo lohlukileyo lwefomula yimisebenzi. Ezi ziindawo ezinqabileyo eziqukethe iseti yeempikiswano kwaye zabenza ngokwe-algorithm ethile. Imisebenzi inokubhalwa ngesandla, ibeka umqondiso wangaphambi kwexesha "=
Usebenzisa i-Wizard imisebenzi, unokwenza inguqu kwifestile yempikiswano yomqhubi othile. Amacandelo ayo ayaziswa okanye akhonkco kwiiseli apho le datha ifumaneka khona. Emva kokucinezela iqhosha "Kulungile", kuya kwenziwa umsebenzi othile.
Isifundo: Sebenza ngefomula kwi-Excel
Isifundo: I-Wizard imisebenzi kwi-Excel
Njengoko ubona, zimbini iintlobo zedatha yedatha e-Excel: Ii-quants kunye neefomula. Bona ke, bahlulwe baba ziindidi ezininzi. Uhlobo ngalunye lwedatha lunezinto zalo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo le nkqubo kubo. Ukuxhasa amandla okuqonda kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zedatha ngumsebenzi ophambili wayo nawuphi na umsebenzisi onqwenela ukufunda ukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo i-Excel injongo ethile.