Yadda za a bude tashar jiragen ruwa a Linux

Haɗin haɗin nodes da musayar bayanai tsakanin su yana da alaƙa kai tsaye ga tashar bude. Haɗa da kuma canja wurin zirga-zirga da aka yi ta hanyar wani tashar jiragen ruwa, kuma idan an rufe shi a cikin tsarin, wannan tsari bazai yiwu ba. Saboda wannan, wasu masu amfani suna da sha'awar isar da lambobi ɗaya ko sama don saita hulɗa da na'urar. A yau za mu nuna yadda ake yin aikin a tsarin aiki dangane da Kwallan Linux.

Bude tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin Linux

Aƙalla a yawancin abubuwan da aka tsara da yawa na ainihi akwai kayan aikin gudanarwa na cibiyar sadarwa, amma duk da haka irin mafita sau da yawa ba su ba da damar buɗe saitin tashar ba. Umarnin a cikin wannan labarin za a danganta ne akan ƙarin aikace-aikacen da ake kira IPLable - mafita don gyara sigogi na wutar ta amfani da hakkin Superu. A cikin dukkan majalisai OS akan Linux, yana aiki daidai, ban da cewa ƙungiyar ta bambanta don shigarwa, amma zamuyi magana game da shi a ƙasa.

Idan kana son sanin waɗanne tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun riga sun buɗe kwamfutarka, zaku iya amfani da ginanniyar ginin ko kuma ƙarin amfani na na'ura. Daban-dalla-dalla domin neman bayanin da ya wajaba zaka samu a cikin wani darasi ta hanyar dannawa kan wadannan hanyoyin da aka bude.

Kara karantawa: Duba alamun fayil a Ubuntu

Mataki na 1: Shigar da Iptable da Dokokin Duba

Amfani da iptable ba shine farkon tsarin aiki ba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake buƙatar buƙatarsa ​​da kansa daga wurin ajiya na hukuma, kuma kawai aiki tare da dokoki da canza su kowace hanya. Shigarwa baya ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa kuma yana gudana ta hanyar na'urar na'ura wasan bidiyo.

1. Bude menu kuma kunna "tashar". Hakanan za'a iya yin amfani da ta amfani da madaidaicin maɓallin Ctrl + Alt + T.



2. A cikin rarraba tushen tushen deban ko Ubuntu, sudo da sudo a Apt shigar da iptables don fara kafuwa - sudo yum shigar da iptables. Bayan shiga, latsa maɓallin Shigar.



3. Kunna ikon Superuser ta hanyar rubuta kalmar sirri daga asusunka. Lura cewa alamomin ba a nuna su ba, ana yin hakan ne don tabbatar da tsaro.



4. Yi tsammanin kammalawa da shigarwa kuma zaka iya tabbatar da cewa kayan aiki yana aiki, duba daidaitaccen jerin dokokin ta amfani da mudo iptable -l.

Kamar yadda kake gani, tsawan tsawan tsawan ya bayyana a cikin rarraba da ke da alhakin gudanar da amfani na wannan sunan. Har yanzu, muna tuna cewa wannan kayan aikin yana aiki daga haƙƙin Superuger, don haka a cikin layi dole ne ya ƙunshi prefix ɗin sudo, sannan sauran ƙimar sudo prefix, sannan sauran ƙimar sudo prefix, sannan sauran ƙimar sudo prefix, sannan sauran ƙimar sudo prefix, sannan sauran dabi'u da muhawara.

Mataki na 2: izinin musayar bayanai

Babu tashar jiragen ruwa za ta yi aiki koyaushe idan da amfani ta hana musayar bayanai a matakin nasa dokokin wuta. Bugu da kari, babu wani mahimman ka'idoji na iya haifar da bayyanar kurakurai daban-daban yayin isowar, don haka muna ba da shawara ga waɗannan ayyukan:

1. Tabbatar cewa babu ƙa'idodi a cikin fayil ɗin sanyi. Zai fi kyau yin rijistar ƙungiyar don cire su, amma yana kama da wannan: Sunky Ipablees -F.



2. Yanzu ƙara doka don shigar da bayanai a kan kwamfutarka ta hanyar shigar da shigarwar Superable -a shigar-da -J Lo -j ta yarda da kirtani.



3. Kimanin wannan umarnin - Supi Ipples -a fitarwa lo -o -O -O -Oc yarda - yana da alhakin sabon doka don aika bayani.



4. Ya rage kawai don tabbatar da ma'amala ta al'ada ta dokokin da ke sama don uwar garken na iya aika fakiti. Don yin wannan, ya zama dole a haramtawa da sabbin hanyoyin haɗi, kuma tsohuwar da za a yarda. Ana yin shi ta hanyar Superable Iptable -M - Ent na Input -M, an kafa shi, mai alaƙa -j karɓa.

Godiya ga sigogi da ke sama, kun ba da takamaiman aika da karɓar bayanai, wanda zai ba ku damar sadarwa cikin sauƙi tare da sabar ko wata kwamfuta ba tare da wata matsala ba. Ya rage kawai don buɗe tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar da za a aiwatar da ma'amala iri ɗaya iri ɗaya.

Mataki na 3: Bude tashoshin da ake buƙata

Kun riga kun saba da abin da aka ƙara sababbin ƙa'idodi na ƙa'idodi zuwa Kanfigareshan IPTabils. Akwai hujjoji da yawa waɗanda ke ba ka damar buɗe wasu tashar jiragen ruwa. Bari mu bincika wannan hanya akan misalin mashahurin tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin Littafin 22 da 80.

1. Gudanar da na'ura wasan bidiyo kuma shigar da waɗannan umarni biyu ta dabam:

   Susdo IptableS -a Inpent -P --Dport 22 -J yarda

   Susdo IptableS -A shigarwar -PP --DOP 80 -J ya yarda.



2. Yanzu bincika jerin ƙa'idodi don tabbatar da cewa an sami nasarar kashe tashar jiragen ruwa. Ana amfani dashi don wannan ya saba da kungiyar Suples -l.



3. Zaka iya ba shi wani zaɓi da kuma fitarwa duk cikakkun bayanai ta amfani da ƙarin muhawara, to, igiyar zata zama kamar haka: Sunkused -Nvl.



4. Canza manufar ga daidaitaccen ta hanyar Sudo IptableS -P shigarwar sauke kuma zai iya fara aiki aiki tsakanin nodes.

Game da batun lokacin da mai gudanar da kwamfutar ta riga ya yi dokokinta a cikin kayan aiki, tsarin saitin ya shirya lokacin da aka sauke Iptable -j, don amfani da umarnin Supleable Compled: -I shigar - P TCP --Dport 1924 -J ya yarda, inda 1924 shine lambar tashar. Yana ƙara tashar jiragen ruwa da ake buƙata zuwa farkon sarkar, sannan kuma fakitoci ba sa sake saitawa.

Na gaba, zaku iya rajistar duk wannan igiyar guda ɗaya ta iffables -l kuma tabbatar da cewa an saita komai daidai.

Yanzu kun san yadda aka haramta tashar jiragen ruwa a tsarin aiki na Linux ta amfani da misalin ƙarin amfani mai amfani. Muna ba ku shawara ku ci gaba da lura da layin da ke fitowa a cikin wasan bidiyo lokacin shigar da umarni, zai taimaka wajen gano duk wani kurakurai a cikin lokaci da sauri kuma hanzarta kawar da su.