Ifomethi ye-XML yakhelwe ukugcina idatha engaba wusizo emsebenzini wezinhlelo ezithile, amasayithi kanye nokusekela izilimi ezithile zokumaka. Dala futhi uvule ifayela ngefomethi enjalo akunzima. Kungenziwa, noma ngabe iyiphi isoftware ekhethekile ifakiwe kukhompyutha.
Kancane nge-xml
I-XML ngokwayo ngolimi lweMarkup, into efana ne-HTML, esetshenziswa kumakhasi e-Web. Kodwa uma sakamuva asisebenzi kuphela okukhipha ulwazi kanye lesifanele yayo wokugubha, XML kuyivumela hlela it ngendlela ethile, okwenza lolu limi ngento efana semininingwane analog ukuthi akudingi ukuba khona DBMS.Ungakha amafayela we-XML kokubili ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezikhethekile kanye nomhleli wombhalo oshunyekiwe ku-Windows. Ukulula kokubhala ikhodi kanye nezinga lokusebenza kwalo kuncike kuhlobo lwesoftware.
Indlela 1: Isitudiyo esibonakalayo
Esikhundleni salokho, umhleli wekhodi kusuka ku-Microsoft angasebenzisa noma iyiphi i-analogue yayo evela kwabanye onjiniyela. Lapho Empeleni, e-Visual Studio inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ngaphezulu kokujwayelekile "notebook". Ikhodi manje inesibani esikhethekile, amaphutha anikezwe noma ahlelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi uhlelo oluvele lulayishe izifanekiso ezikhethekile ezikuvumela ukuthi wenze lula ukudalwa kwamafayela we-XML wevolumu enkulu.
Ukuqala umsebenzi, udinga ukudala ifayela. Chofoza kufayela elithi "ifayela" kuphaneli eliphakeme futhi kusuka kumenyu eyehlayo, khetha u- "Dala ...". Uhlu lokuthi ifayela lefayela lichaziwe kuphi.
Efayilini elisanda kudalwa, intambo yokuqala ene-encoding nenguqulo izoba njalo. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, inguqulo yokuqala kanye ne-UTF-8 efaka imininingwane yokuthi ungashintsha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi kunqunyelwe. Okulandelayo ukudala ifayela le-XML eligcwele elidingayo ukuze ubhalise konke okwakukhona ekufundisweni kwangaphambilini.
Lapho usuqedile, khetha "ifayela" kuphaneli ephezulu, futhi lapho kusuka entweni eyehlayo yemenyu "Gcina konke".
Indlela 2: I-Microsoft Excel
Ungakha ifayela le-XML futhi ungabeki ikhodi ebekiwe, ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa izinhlobo zanamuhla ze-Microsoft Excel, okuvumela ukuthi ugcine amatafula nalokhu kunwebeka. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi kuleli cala ngeke kwenzeke ukudala okuthile okusebenzayo okujwayelekile.
Le ndlela izohambisana nalabo abangafuni noma abangakwazi ukusebenza nekhodi. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, umsebenzisi angahlangabezana nezinkinga ezithile lapho ebhala ifayela ngefomethi ye-XML. Ngeshwa, kungenzeka ukwenza ukuguqulwa kwetafula elijwayelekile ku-XML kuphela kwizinguqulo ezintsha ze-MS Excel. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa lesi sinyathelo esilandelayo ngesinyathelo imiyalo:
- Gcwalisa itafula nganoma yikuphi okuqukethwe.
- Chofoza inkinobho Ifayela ukuthi kwimenyu phezulu.
- Iwindi ekhethekile kuzovula, lapho kudingeka chofoza "Londoloza njenge ...". Le nto zingatholakala kwimenyu kwesokunxele.
- Cacisa ifolda lapho ufuna ukugcina ifayela. Ifolda kuvezwa ngumgogodla ezikhungweni zomsebenzi esibukweni.
- Manje udinga ukucacisa igama ifayela, futhi esigabeni "Uhlobo lwefayela" kumenyu eyehlayo, ukhetha
"Idatha ye-XML".
- Chofoza inkinobho ethi Gcina.
Indlela 3: Incwajana 3: Incwajana
Ukuze umsebenzi nge-XML, kuba impela ofanele "notebook" evamile, kodwa umsebenzisi ongeyena ujwayelene syntax ulimi kuyodingeka nobunzima, njengoba oludingekayo imiyalo ehlukahlukene tags kuwo. kulula ngandlela-thile futhi kakhulu ngaphezulu elikhiqizayo inqubo ngizoya ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile ukuze uhlele ikhodi, isibonelo, i-Microsoft-Visual Studio. Banezinhliziyo ekhethekile egqamisa ithegi namathiphu pop-up, okuyinto lula kakhulu umsebenzi umuntu engazazi syntax lolu limi.
Ukuze le ndlela, ngeke kudingeke ukulanda lutho, njengoba "incwajana" isivele afakwa yesistimu yokusebenza. Zama Ase ukwenza kube itafula elula-XML ngokuvumelana kuleli bhukwana:
- Dala njalo idokhumenti wombhalo isandiso TXT. Wena angazamukela ke kuphi. Vula.
- Qala enquma imiyalo wokuqala kuwo. Okokuqala udinga ukusetha ngamakhodi wonke ifayela futhi ucacise version-XML, lokhu kwenziwa umyalo olandelayo:
Inani lokuqala yiyona version, akudingekile ukuba ukuyishintsha, futhi ukubaluleka wesibili ikhodi. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa UTF-8 encoding, njengoba izinhlelo kakhulu futhi bokudla zingasebenzi kahle. Nokho, kungaba ukushintshwa noma yiluphi olunye, nje ukukhuluma igama oyifunayo.
- Dala lwemibhalo kuqala ifayela lakho, ukukhuluma ithegi nokuvala ke ngale ndlela.
- manje Ngaphakathi lo maki ungabhala okunye okuqukethwe. Dala umaki bese babela kuye yiliphi igama, isibonelo, u-Ivan Ivanov. Isakhiwo esiphelele kufanele kube ngale ndlela:
- Ngaphakathi ithegi, ungakwazi manje ukubhalisa imingcele ezinemininingwane eminingi, kulesi simo-ke ulwazi mayelana ezinye Ivan Ivanov. Propying kuye ngobudala isikhundla. Kuzobukeka kanjena:
25.
Iqiniso.
- Uma ulandela imiyalelo, kumele ube ikhodi efanayo ngezansi. Lapho beqeda umsebenzi imenyu phezulu, thola "Ifayela" futhi kusukela imenyu yokudonsela phansi, khetha u- "Londoloza njenge ...". Uma ulondoloza ku "Ifayela Yegama", isandiso akuyona txt, kodwa-XML.
Cishe nawe kumele ibukeke yalokho ngomumo eyenziwe:
25.
Iqiniso.
-XML compilers kufanele ukucubungula le khodi ngendlela itafula ikholomu eyodwa, lapho idatha kuboniswe mayelana Ivan Ivanov.
Ngo "incwajana" kungenzeka ukwenza kumathebula lalula kanje, kodwa uma udala volumetric ngaphezulu idatha afanayo kungenzeka eyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba azikho imisebenzi ukulungisa iphutha ikhodi noma kwasemuva ku notebook evamile.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona ekwakheni ifayela le-XML akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi. Uma ufisa, kungadala noma yimuphi umsebenzisi okwazi ukusebenza ngekhompyutha. Kodwa-ke, ukudala ifayela le-XML eligcwele eligcwele, kunconywa ukuhlola lolu limi lwe-markup, okungenani ezingeni lokuqala.