I-Debian ayiqhoshi ngokusebenza kwawo ngokushesha ngemuva kokufakwa. Lolu uhlelo lokusebenza okufanele uluqale kabusha, futhi kule ndatshana luzotshelwa ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani.
Ngemuva kokuthi ikhompyutha iqale futhi, uhlelo luzose seluvele luvuselelwe, ngakho-ke ungaya esinyathelweni esilandelayo sokusetha.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uhlelo luzokushukumisela ukuthi uvuselele yonke imininingwane etholakalayo ye-repositories - Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Vuselela", ngemuva kwalokho uzolinda ukuthi inqubo iphela bese uqhubeka nokwenza isinyathelo esilandelayo.
Isikhumulo
Uma ngasizathu simbe angeke ukwazi ukuhlela ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-software nohlelo lokuvuselelwa, umsebenzi ofanayo kungenzeka wenziwe esigungwini. Nakhu okufanele ukwenze:
- Vula ifayela lapho uhlu lwawo wonke ama-repositories lutholakala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-athikili izosebenzisa umhleli wombhalo we-Gedit, ungafaka umyalo endaweni efanele.
Sudo gedit /etc/apt/seors.list.
- Kumhleli ovula, engeza "main", "contrib" kanye nezinto eziguquguqukayo "ezingenamahhala" kuyo yonke imigqa.
- Chofoza inkinobho ethi Gcina.
- Vala umhleli.
Ngemuva kwezenzo zenziwe, vala iwindi lohlelo ngokunikeza imvume yokuvuselela imininingwane.
Isikhumulo
Ku- "terminal" ukwengeza okubhalwe phansi kwe-backports, kufanele ufake idatha kwifayela "lemithombo.List". Kwalokhu:
- Vula ifayela oyifunayo:
Sudo gedit /etc/apt/seors.list.
- Kuyo, setha isikhombisi ekugcineni komugqa wokugcina bese ucindezela ukhiye we-ENTER kabili, yenza i-Indent, bese ufaka imigqa elandelayo:
I-DEB http://mirror.yandex.ru/debian steft-backports main ancrib
I-DEB-SRC http://mirror.yandex.ru/debian Stretch-Backports Main Contrib an-free (for Debian 9)
noma
I-DEB http://mirror.yandex.ru/debian jessie-backports main ancrib
I-DEB-SRC http://mirror.yandex.ru/debian jessie-backports main contrib an-free (for debian 8)
- Chofoza inkinobho ethi Gcina.
- Vala umhleli wombhalo.
Ukuze usebenzise zonke izilungiselelo, uvuselele uhlu lwamaphakeji:
I-Sudo Apt-Thola Ukuvuselelwa
Manje, ukufaka uhlelo lwesoftware kule ndawo yokugcina, sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
I-Sudo Apt-Get Faka -T Back-Backports [Igama lephakheji] (nge-Debian 9)
noma
I-Sudo Apt-Get Inter -T Jessie-Backports [Igama lephakheji] (nge-Debian 8)
Lapho esikhundleni se- "[Igama lephakheji]" Faka igama lephakeji ofuna ukulifaka.
Isinyathelo 5: Ukufakwa kwamafonti
Into ebalulekile yohlelo ngamafonti. E-Debian, zifakwe ngaphambili kakhulu, ngakho-ke abasebenzisi abavame ukusebenza kubahleli bombhalo noma ezithombeni ezinhlelweni ze-GIMP kumele zigcwaliswe ngohlu lwamafonti asevele akhona. Phakathi kokunye, uhlelo lwewayini ngeke lukwazi ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kwalo.Ukufaka amafonti asetshenziswe ku-Windows, udinga ukwenza umyalo olandelayo:
Sudo Apt-Thola ukufaka i-TTF-Freefont TTF-MSCOREFONTS-Installer
Ungangeza futhi amafonti kusuka ku-Noto Set:
Sudo apt-thola ukufaka amafonti-hhayi
Ungafaka amanye amafonti, ubheke nje kwi-Intanethi futhi udlulele kufolda ye- ".Fonts", esempandeni yohlelo. Uma ungenalo le folda, bese uyakha ngokwakho.
Isinyathelo 6: Ukubeka ifonti Sleashing
Ngokufaka i-Debian, umsebenzisi angabona ukushelela okubi kwamafonti ohlelo. Le nkinga ixazululwa kalula - udinga ukudala ifayela elikhethekile lokucushwa. Lokhu kwenziwa kanjani:
- Esigungwini, iya ku "/ njll / fonts /" isiqondisi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, landela:
CD / njll / amafonti /
- Dala ifayela elisha elibizwa nge- "Local.CONF":
Sudo gedit yendawo.Conf.
- Esihleli esivulekile, faka umbhalo olandelayo:
RGB.
Kuyiqiniso.
I-HintSlight
Lcddefault.
-namanga
~ / .fonts.
- Chofoza inkinobho ethi Gcina bese uvala umhleli.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kulo lonke uhlelo, amafonti azoba nokushelela okujwayelekile.
Isinyathelo 7: Sound Sound Dynamics
Lokhu kulungiselelwa kumele kwenziwe hhayi kubo bonke abasebenzisi, kepha kuphela kulabo abezwa umsindo wesimo esivela kuyunithi lwabo lwesistimu. Iqiniso ngukuthi kwakha kwakha le paramitha akukhutshaziwe. Ukulungisa lokhu kushiyeka, udinga:- Vula ifayela lokucushwa "FBDev-Blacklist.Conf":
Sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/fbdev-blacklist.conf.
- Ekupheleni kokubhalisa umugqa olandelayo:
Uhlu olumnyama lwe-PCSPKR.
- Gcina izinguquko bese uvala umhleli.
Sisanda kuletha imodyuli ye- "PCSPKR", ebhekele ukukhala kwesipika sohlelo, okubhalwe phansi, ngokulandelana, inkinga iyaqedwa.
Isinyathelo 8: Ukubeka ama-codecs
Kuhlelo olufakiwe kuphela lwe-Debian, awekho ama-codecs we-multimedia, lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nokuphathelene kwawo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umsebenzisi ngeke akwazi ukuxhumana nezindlela eziningi zomsindo nevidiyo. Ukulungisa isimo, udinga ukuzifaka. Kwalokhu:
- Gijimani umyalo:
I-Sudo Apt-Get Inval-Get Faka Ibavcodec-Extra57 FFMPEG
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka, uzodinga ukuqinisekisa isenzo ngokuthayipha uphawu lwe- "D" kwikhibhodi bese ucindezela u-ENTER.
- Manje udinga ukufaka ama-codecs angeziwe, kepha akwenye indawo okugciniwe, ngakho-ke kufanele kwengezwe ohlelweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, landela imiyalo emithathu ngokuhlukile:
Su.
echo "# debian multimedia
I-DEB FTP://FTP.DEB-Multimedia.org Yelula MAHHALA "> '/etc/apt/ource.list.d/deb-multimedia.list' (for Debian 9)
noma
Su.
echo "# debian multimedia
I-DEB FTP://FTP.DEB-Multimedia.org Jessie Main Okungenasisekelo
- Ukuvuselela ama-repositories:
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-APT
Ekwedlule, kungaphawulwa ukuthi kwenzeke iphutha - uhlelo alukwazi ukufinyelela endaweni yokugcina ukhiye we-GPG.
Ukulungisa lokhu, yenza lo myalo:
I-APT-Key Adv --Recv-Key - KeyyServer Pgpkeys.mit.edu 5C8008c2b6555558117
Qaphela: Kweminye eyakha imali ye-debian, ukusetshenziswa kwe-dirmngr kulahlekile, ngenxa yalokhu, umyalo awenziwa. Kufanele ifakwe ngokwenza umyalo we- "Sudo Apt-Get Feat Dirmngr".
- Bheka ukuthi iphutha lisusiwe:
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-APT
Siyabona ukuthi akukho phutha, khona-ke okugciniwe kufakwa ngempumelelo.
- Faka ama-codecs adingekayo ngokusebenza komyalo:
Faka Faka i-libfaad2 libmp4v2-2 libfaac0 alsamixergui twamame libmp3plame0 libdvdnav4 libdvdNav4 libdvdread4 libdvdcss2 w64codecs (ngohlelo lwe-64-bit)
noma
Faka ukufaka i-libfaad2 libmp4v2-2 libfaac0 alsamixegui twolame libmp3plame0 libdvdnav4 libdvdread4 libdvdread4 libdvdcss2 (ngohlelo lwe-32-bit)
Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izinto sezifezekile, ufaka wonke ama-codecs adingekayo ohlelweni. Kepha lokhu akusona ukuphela kwesimo seDebian.
Isinyathelo 9: Faka i-Flash Player
Labo abajwayelene ne-Linux bayazi ukuthi abathuthukisi beFlash Player sekuyisikhathi eside bengavuselelwa umkhiqizo wabo kule nkundla. Ngakho-ke, futhi futhi ngoba lolu hlelo lokusebenza luphathelene, alusekho ekuhanjisweni okuningi. Kepha kunendlela elula yokuyifaka ku-Debian.Ukufaka i-Adobe Flash Player udinga ukwenza:
I-Sudo Apt-Thola ukufaka i-Flashplugin-nonfree
Ngemuva kwalokho izofakwa. Kepha uma uzosebenzisa isiphequluli se-chromium, bese wenza omunye umyalo:
Sudo apt-thola ukufaka i-pepperflashplugin-nonfree
Yeqembu leMozilla Firefox elinye:
Sudo apt-thola ukufaka i-flashplayer-mozilla
Manje zonke izinto zamasayithi enzelwe ukusetshenziselwa i-flash zizotholakala kuwe.
Isinyathelo 10: Ukufaka iJava
Uma ufuna uhlelo lwakho lubonisa kahle izinto ezenziwe ngolimi lwezinhlelo zeJava, kufanele ufake leli phakheji ngokwalo ku-OS. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza umyalo owodwa kuphela:
I-Sudo Apt-Get Invalf-jre
Ngemuva kokukhipha uthola uhlobo lweJava Ruretime Imvelo. Kepha ngeshwa, akufaneleki ukudala izinhlelo nge-java. Uma udinga le nketho, ufaka iJava Development Kit:
Sudo apt-thola ukufaka okuzenzakalelayo-jdk
Isinyathelo 11: Ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza
Akudingekile kunguqulo yedeskithophu yohlelo lokusebenza ukuze usebenzise kuphela "ukuphela" lapho kungenzeka ukusebenzisa isoftware ngesibonisi esibonakalayo. Sikunikeza isethi yesoftware enconyelwe ukufakwa.- Evestis. - Isebenza ngamafayela we-PDF;
- Vlc. - Isidlali sevidiyo esidumile;
- Ifayela-Roller - I-Archiver;
- Bleachbit. - Ukuhlanza uhlelo;
- Gimp. - Umhleli we-Graphic (i-Analog PhotoPhop);
- UClementine. - Isidlali somculo;
- Qalcute. - Calculator;
- I-Shotwell. - Uhlelo lokubuka isithombe;
- ihluthwe. - Isihleli sediski yediski;
- I-Diodon - Shintshana umphathi we-buffer;
- I-LibreOffice-umbhali. - Iprosesa yombhalo;
- Libreoffice-calc. - Iprosesa yethebula.
Ezinye izinhlelo ezivela kulolu hlu zingafakwa ohlelweni lwakho lokusebenza, konke kuncike emhlanganweni.
Ukufaka uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa kusuka ohlwini, sebenzisa umyalo:
I-Sudo Apt-Get Faka uhlelo
Lapho esikhundleni se- "Programegama" esikhundleni salolo gama lohlelo.
Ukufaka zonke izinhlelo ngasikhathi sinye, mane ubhale amagama abo ngokusebenzisa isikhala:
I-Sudo Apt-Get File File-Roller Evince Diodon QalcAte Clementine VLC Gimp Shotwell Gpartwer I-LibreOffice-Writer
Ngemuva kokukhipha umyalo, umthwalo ohlala isikhathi eside uzoqala, emva kwalokho, yonke isoftware ebekiwe izofakwa.
Isinyathelo 12: Ukufaka abashayeli ekhadini levidiyo
Ukufaka umshayeli wekhadi levidiyo ephathelene ne-Debian inqubo, impumelelo yayo incike ekutheni isethi yezici, ikakhulukazi uma une-AMD. Ngenhlanhla, esikhundleni sokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwazo zonke izinto ezicashile futhi wenze imiyalo ehlukahlukene ku- "terminal", ungasebenzisa umbhalo okhethekile olulanda futhi ufake futhi ufake. Kumayelana naye manje futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho.
KUBALULEKILE: Lapho ufaka abashayeli, iskripthi bavala zonke izinqubo zabaphathi bewindows, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokwenza imiyalo, gcina zonke izinto ezidingekayo.
- Vula i- "terminal" bese uya ku-Directory "Bin", etholakala esigabeni sezimpande:
CD / USR / Endaweni / Bin
- Landa i-SGFXI script kusuka esizeni esisemthethweni:
Sudo Wgat -nc ngxi.org/sgfxi
- Mnikeze ilungelo lokukhipha:
Sudo chmod + x sgfxi
- Manje udinga ukuya kwikhonsoli ebonakalayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, cindezela inhlanganisela yokhiye we-CTRL + ALT + F3.
- Faka igama lakho lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi.
- Thola ilungelo le-Superuser:
Su.
- Qalisa iskripthi ngokugijimisa umyalo:
SGFXI.
- Kulesi sigaba, umbhalo usakaza imishini yakho futhi uphakamise umshayeli wenguqulo yakamuva kuyo. Ungenqaba futhi ukhethe inguqulo ngokwakho, usebenzisa umyalo:
SGFXI -O [Version Version]
QAPHELA: Zonke izinhlobo ezitholakalayo zokufaka ungathola usebenzisa i-SGFXI -H Command.
Ngemuva kwazo zonke izenzo ezenziwe, iskripthi sizoqala ukulayisha nokufaka umshayeli okhethiwe. Ungalinda kuphela ukuphela kwenqubo.
Uma ngasizathu simbe unquma ukususa umshayeli ofakiwe, khona-ke ungayenza isebenzise umyalo:
SGFXI -N.
Izinkinga okungenzeka
Njengenye i-software, iskripthi se-SGFXI inamaphutha. Ngokubulawa kwayo, kungenzeka amaphutha athile. Manje sizohlaziya ithambeke kakhulu kubo futhi sinikeze imiyalo yokuqeda.
- Yehlulekile ukususa imodyuli ye-Nouveau . Rarulula inkinga kulula - udinga ukuqala kabusha ikhompyutha bese uqala iskripthi futhi.
- Ama-virtual Consoles azoshintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo . Uma ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka esikrinini uzobona i-Virtual Console entsha, bese kuba nesikhathi sokuqalisa kabusha, mane nje ubuyela kwangaphambili ngokucindezela okhiye be-CTRL + ALT + F3 F3.
- Ukuqhuma ekuqaleni komsebenzi kunikeza iphutha . Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kungenxa yephakheji ethi "Yakha-DesigS-ebalulekile" elahlekile. Iskripthi lapho ukuwafaka kulanda ngokuzenzakalelayo, kepha woza futhi kukhona ababhikishi. Ukuxazulula inkinga, faka iphakethe ngokuzimela ngokungena ngemvume:
I-Apt-Get Faka Ukwakha-Okubalulekile
Lezi kwakuyizinkinga ezivame kakhulu lapho zisebenza njengeskripthi, uma phakathi kwazo awuzange uthole ezethu, ungajwayelana nenguqulo ephelele yobuholi, etholakala kuwebhusayithi yonjiniyela esemthethweni.
Isinyathelo 13: Ukulungisa Ukushintsha Okuzenzakalelayo ku-Numlock
Zonke izinto eziphambili zohlelo sezivele zilungiselelwe, kepha ekugcineni kufanelekile ukuthi zitshele ukuthi ungayilungiselela kanjani ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo kuphaneli yedijithali ye-NUMPOCK. Iqiniso ngukuthi ekusatshalaliswa kwe-Debito Debian, le pharamitha ayilungiselelwe, futhi iphaneli kufanele livulwe isikhathi ngasinye ngokwakho lapho kuqalwa uhlelo.
Ngakho-ke ukusetha, udinga:
- Landa iphakethe le-Numlockx. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka lo myalo kwisiginali:
Sudo apt-thola ukufaka i-numlockx
- Vula ifayela lokucushwa elizenzakalelayo. Leli fayela libhekele ukwenziwa okuzenzakalelayo kwemiyalo lapho ikhompyutha iqala.
Sudo gedit / njll / GDM3 / Init / Okuzenzakalelayo
- Faka umbhalo olandelayo entanjeni ngaphambi kwepharamitha "yokuphuma engu-0":
Uma [-X / USR / BIN / NUMPOCKX]; Ngemuva kwalokho.
Usr / Bin / Numlockx on
file
- Gcina izinguquko bese uvala umhleli wombhalo.
Manje lapho uqala ikhompyutha, iphaneli yedijithali izovulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Ukugcina
Ngemuva kokwenza zonke izinto zokusetha ze-Debian, uzothola ukusatshalaliswa, okungagcini nje ngokuxazulula imisebenzi yansuku zonke yomsebenzisi ojwayelekile, kepha futhi nokusebenza ekhompyutheni. Kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi izilungiselelo ezingenhla ziyisisekelo, futhi zinikeze ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zohlelo.