Imvamisa abasebenzisi bane-drive eyodwa eshumekiwe kwikhompyutha yabo. Ekufakweni kokuqala kohlelo lokusebenza, luphulwe ngenombolo ethile yezigaba. Ivolumu ngayinye enengqondo inesibopho sokugcina imininingwane ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahlelwa ezinhlelweni zefayela ezihlukile nakwenye yezinhlaka ezimbili. Okulandelayo, singathanda ukuchaza ukwakheka kwesoftware ye-hard disk ngokuningiliziwe.
Ngokuqondene namapharamitha angokomzimba, i-HDD iqukethe izingxenye eziningana ezihlanganiswe ohlelweni olulodwa. Uma ufuna ukuthola imininingwane enemininingwane ngalesi sihloko, sincoma ukuxhumana nendwangu yomuntu ngamunye ngokuya ngesixhumanisi esilandelayo, futhi siya ekuhlaziyeni kwengxenye yesoftware.
Manje leso sikhalazo ekuhlukaniseni kwe-disk, kuyadingeka ukuthola indawo esebenzayo lapho i-OS izolayishwa khona. I-Byte yokuqala kulokhu kufundwa kwesampula inquma ukwahlukanisa okufiselekayo ukuqala. Lokhu okulandelayo khetha inombolo yekhanda ukuze uqale ukulayisha, inani lesilinda kanye nomkhakha, kanye nenombolo yemikhakha yevolumu. I-oda elifundwayo liboniswa esithombeni esilandelayo.
Ukuze uthole izixhumanisi zendawo yoMnyango weSigaba okukhulunywa ngazo, i-CHS (Cylinder Headence Conctor) inomthwalo wemfanelo. Ifunda inani lesilinda, amakhanda nemikhakha. Inani lezinombolo ezishiwo liqala ngo-0, kanye nemikhakha C 1. Kukufunda konke lokhu kuxhumanisa okunqunywa ukwahlukanisa okunengqondo kwe-hard disk.
Ukuntuleka kohlelo olunjalo kukhawulelwe ekubhekaneni nenani ledatha. Lokho wukuthi, phakathi nenguqulo yokuqala yama-CHS, isigaba singaba nesibalo sememori esingu-8, lapho kungekudala, sayeka ukuqonda. Ikheli le-LBA (Ukubhekisiswa okunengqondo kwe-block) kwathathelwa indawo, lapho uhlelo lwezinombolo lubuyiselwe kulo. Manje ama-disc afinyelela ku-2 TB ayasekelwa. I-LBA yayisathuthukiswa, kepha izinguquko zithintekile kuphela i-GPT.
Ngemikhakha yokuqala nelandelayo elandelayo, sathola ngempumelelo. Ngokuqondene nalokhu, futhi kugcinwe, okubizwa nge-AA55 futhi kubhekele ukubheka i-MBR ngobuqotho nokutholakala kolwazi oludingekayo.
GPT.
Ubuchwepheshe be-MBR bunamaphutha nemikhawulo ethile engakwazi ukunikeza umsebenzi ngenani elikhulu ledatha. Kwakungasho lutho ukukulungisa noma ukukuguqula, ngakho-ke ngokukhululwa kwe-UEFI, abasebenzisi bafunde ngesakhiwo esisha se-GPT. Kwadalwa kucatshangelwa ukwanda okungapheli kwevolumu yokushayela kanye nezinguquko emsebenzini we-PC, ngakho-ke lesi yisisombululo esithuthuke kakhulu sesikhathi samanje. Kwehluka ku-MBR. Kungamapharamitha:
- Ukuntuleka kwezixhumanisi ze-CHS, umsebenzi usekelwa kuphela ngenguqulo ye-LBA eguquliwe;
- I-GPT igcina amakhophi amabili ku-drive - munye ekuqaleni kwediski, kanti enye ekugcineni. Isixazululo esinjalo sizovumela ukudedela lo mkhakha ngekhophi eligciniwe uma kulimala;
- Ukwakheka kwalesi sakhiwo kuphinde kwenziwa kabusha, esizokhuluma ngakho;
- Ukuhlola ukunemba kwekhanda kwenzeka nge-UEFI usebenzisa isheke.
Ilingu lelo
Sisebenzelana nezinhlelo zefayela leWindows. Ngingathanda ukunaka izinhlobo ezisekelwayo kuLinux OS, ngoba futhi iyathandwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi. I-Linux isekela umsebenzi ngazo zonke izinhlelo zefayela leWindows, kepha i-OSE ngokwayo iyanconywa ukuthi ifakwe nge-FS eyenziwe ngokukhethekile. Maka kukhona izinhlobo ezinjalo:
- Ama-EXTFS asephenduke uhlelo lokuqala lwefayela le-Linux. Inokulinganiselwa kwayo, ngokwesibonelo, ubukhulu befayela eliphakeme alikwazi ukwedlula i-2 GB, futhi igama laso kufanele libe ebangeni kusuka kuzinhlamvu ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-255.
- Ext3 ne-EXP4. Siphuthelwe izinhlobo ezimbili ezedlule ze-EXT, ngoba manje sezingafanelekile. Sizotshela ngezinguqulo zanamuhla noma ezingaphansi. Isici salolu Fs ukusekela izinto ezifika ku-terabyte eyodwa, yize zisebenza lapho zisebenza ku-kernel yakudala, ext3 ayizange isekele izinto ezingaphezu kuka-2 GB. Esinye isici singabizwa ngokuthi ukusekelwa kwesoftware ebhaliwe yeWindows. Kwalandelwa ama-FS Exp4 amasha, avunyelwe ukugcina amafayela ngevolumu aze afike ku-16 TB.
- Umncintiswano ophambili ubhekwa ama-xfs we-Ext4. Inzuzo yayo i-algorithm ekhethekile yokuqoshwa, ibizwa ngokuthi isabelo sendawo "enqunyelwe". Lapho idatha ithunyelwa ekungeneni, yaqala ukubekwa ku-RAM futhi ilinde umugqa wokonga endaweni yediski. Ukuhamba ku-HDD kwenziwa kuphela lapho i-RAM iphetha noma amadili nezinye izinqubo. Ukulandelana okunjalo kukuvumela ukuba uhlukanise imisebenzi emincane kube yimali enkulu futhi unciphise ukuhlukaniswa kwesithwali.
Ngokuqondene nokukhethwa kohlelo lwefayela, ukufakwa kwe-OS, umsebenzisi ojwayelekile ungcono ukukhetha inketho enconyiwe lapho ufaka. Lokhu kuvame uku-etx4 noma ama-xfs. Abasebenzisi abathuthukile sebevele bafaka ama-Fs ngaphansi kwezidingo zabo, basebenzisa izinhlobo zayo ezahlukahlukene ukwenza imisebenzi yabo.
Uhlelo lwefayela lushintsha ngemuva kokufomatha i-drive, ngakho-ke kuyinqubo ebaluleke kakhulu evumela ukuthi ungasusi nje ukususa amafayela, kepha futhi ukulungisa izinkinga ezivelile ngokuhambisana noma ukufundwa. Siphakamisa ukuthi ufunde imininingwane ekhethekile lapho inqubo efanelekile ye-HDD yokufometha inemininingwane eminingi.
Funda kabanzi: Kuyini ukufometha kwediski nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani kahle
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwefayela luhlanganisa amaqembu emikhakha ngamaqoqo. Uhlobo ngalunye luyehluka ngendlela ehlukile futhi uyazi ukuthi ungasebenza kanjani ngenani elithile lamayunithi olwazi. Amaqoqo ahlukile ngosayizi, amancane alungele ukusebenza ngamafayela akhanyayo, nezinzuzo ezinkulu azithathi hlangothi kancane.
Ukuqhekeka kuvela ngenxa yemininingwane engapheli yokubhala ngaphezulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amafayela aphukile agcinwa ezingxenyeni ezihluke ngokuphelele zediski futhi kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza ukungcola okwenziwa ngesandla ukwenza ukwabiwa kabusha kwendawo yabo futhi kwandise ijubane le-HDD.
Funda kabanzi: Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokudelelwa kwe-hard disk
Imininingwane mayelana nesakhiwo esinengqondo semishini ebhekwayo iseseyimali ebonakalayo, thatha amafomethi afanayo wefayela kanye nenqubo yokubhalela imikhakha. Kodwa-ke, namuhla sizame kakhulu ukusho ngezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingakusiza ukuthi wazi noma yimuphi umsebenzisi we-PC, ofuna ukuhlola umhlaba wezakhi.
Bona futhi:
Buyisela i-hard disk. Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo umhlahlandlela
Umthelela oyingozi ku-HDD