Ungayifaka kanjani i-arch linux

Omunye wokusatshalaliswa okudume kakhulu ngokususelwa kuLinux Kernel uthathwa njengobunjalo. Phakathi kwamanye amapulatifomu, anikezwe ubunzima ekufakweni nasekuhleleni, kepha lokhu kudonsela abasebenzisi abafuna ukufunda kabanzi ngesakhiwo salolu hlelo lokusebenza futhi bandise izinga lolwazi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-Classion Console. I-Arch Linux ifakwe ngokuphelele ngesandla, kusukela ekwakheni ukwahlukaniswa kwediski elinzima nokuphela kwama-akhawunti amasha. Zonke izenzo zenziwa nge- "terminal" ngokufaka imiyalo efanele.

Faka i-arch linux

Ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalesi sihloko, ngithanda ukubheka inqubo yokufaka le pulatifomu ngokulandelana, kucatshangelwa ukumiswa okuhle kwazo zonke izinto. Siphule yonke inqubo ngezinyathelo ukuze abasebenzisi be-novice kwaba lula ukuzulazula. Ukufakwa ngokwalo, uzodinga kuphela i-flash drive enobuncane be-2 GB noma idiski efanayo. Konke okunye kulayishwe kwi-Intanethi noma kungezwa ngqo ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-OS. Qaphela ukuthi ukwengeza zonke izinto ezidingekayo zenziwa ngokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okusebenzayo.

Isinyathelo 1: Landa isithombe sokusabalalisa

Ipulatifomu ebhekwayo, njengokusatshalaliswa okuningi okuningi, ekufinyeleleni okuvulekile futhi ingalandwa kusuka esizeni esisemthethweni sonjiniyela. Sincoma ukusebenzisa lo mthombo othile, njengoba uqinisekisiwe ukuthola isithombe esisebenzayo ngaphandle kwamaphutha namafayela amabi ngaphakathi.

Landa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-arch linux kusuka esizeni esisemthethweni

1. Iya kusixhumanisi esingenhla bese ukhetha u- "Landa".



2. Ungasebenzisa noma yisiphi isibuko, kepha sikucebisa ukuthi ukhethe isixhumanisi se-bittorent.



3. Ngemuva kokulanda, sebenzisa ifayela nganoma iyiphi iklayenti lesifufula futhi ulindele ukuqeda ukulandwa kwesithombe kwikhompyutha.

Manje kukhona isithombe esigcwele sohlelo lokusebenza. Ihlala kuphela ukubhala i-disk noma i-flash drive, ngemuva kwalokho izokwazi ukuqala ngqo kwinqubo yokufaka.

Isinyathelo 2: Ukwakha imidiya ebonakalayo

Manje i-USB Flash Drives ithandwa kakhulu, ngoba ilula kakhulu amadiski, futhi isixhumi esifanele sikhona ngokuphelele kuwo wonke amakhompyutha. Ngakho-ke, ake siyeke ngale ndlela. Uzodinga ukusizakala ngohlelo olukhethekile oluzokwakha i-bootable kusuka ku-flash drive ejwayelekile. Imiyalo enemininingwane kulesi sihloko isesihlokweni esihlukile ngokuya ngesixhumanisi esilandelayo.

Funda kabanzi: Qopha isithombe se-OS ku-USB Flash Drayivu

Isinyathelo 3: Ukulungiselela i-Bios ukuqala i-Boot Flash Drayivu

Njengoba wazi, ukuqala kokufakwa kohlelo lokusebenza kwenziwa ngemuva kokuxhuma idrayivu bese uqala kabusha ikhompyutha. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi i-BIOOS iqale ukulanda kusuka ku-flash drive, hhayi idiski elinzima. Ukuqinisekisa ukwenziwa okuphumelelayo kwalo msebenzi, uzodinga ukusetha okubaluleke kakhulu ngezilungiselelo ze-BIOS. Ukubhekana nale nqubo kuzosiza enye impahla.

Funda kabanzi: Ukulungiselela i-BIOS ukuthi isebenze kusuka ku-flash drive

Isinyathelo 4: Landa isifaki nemodi ebukhoma

Ngemuva kokukhipha isinyathelo esedlule, kuzokwanela ukufaka i-flash drive kwisixhumi samahhala ne-run PC. Ngemuva kwesilinganiso esithile sesikhathi, kuvela i-arch linux bootloader esikrinini. Inezinto eziningana, ngokwesibonelo, ukuqalisa kabusha noma ukubukwa kwemininingwane yensimbi, kepha manje unentshisekelo ku- "Boot Arch Linux". Imicibisholo kwikhibhodi, khetha le nto bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi Enter.

Zonke izinto ezijwayelekile zemodi ebukhoma ziqala. Lokhu kungathatha imizuzu embalwa, ngakho-ke ungavali i-PC futhi ungacindezeli noma yiziphi izinkinobho kwikhibhodi. Ngemuva kokulanda ngempumelelo, uzowela kwimodi ebukhoma nge-console, lapho kwenziwa khona inqubo yokufaka yokufaka.

Isinyathelo 5: I-Hard Disc MarkUp

Ukumakwa kwe-Hard Disk - Owokuqala uzohlangana nomsebenzisi lapho efaka ipulatifomu ebhekwayo. Ukuze usebenze kahle, yonke indawo yediski kufanele ihlukaniswe ngamanani athile anengqondo, ngalinye elizogcinwa imininingwane yalo, amapharamitha wesitoreji nawo asethelwe ngesandla. Ngokuvamile, inqubo ilula, udinga kuphela ukwenza amaqembu amaningana futhi ubheke ngokucophelela ukubhala kwabo ku-console.

1. Ukumaka kwesitoreji kwenziwa kangcono ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, futhi ukuwuqala esigungwini, udinga ukufaka i-CFDisk / Dev / SDA.



2. Ithebula lokuhlukanisa likhethwe ngokuyinhloko. Okusha kubhekwa njenge-GPT, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyisebenzisa uma ungakwazi ukunquma ngokuzimela ngokuzikhethela.



3. Imicibisholo ekuhambeni kwekhibhodi phakathi kwamadivayisi axhunyiwe. Khetha i-Markuup Drayivu bese wenza i-aupte "entsha" yento ngokuya kuyo usebenzisa imicibisholo yesokunxele nakwesokudla.



4. Okokuqala, indawo ihlukaniswe i-grub. Inikeza ukwethulwa okulungile kohlelo lokusebenza. Kunconywa njalo ukwaba isigaba esihlukile ngaphansi kwaso. Udinga nje ukusetha ivolumu yevolumu bese uqhafaza ku-ENTER. I -ageer inele ngokwanele i-200 MB.



5. Uma ukhethe itafula le-GPT ukwahlukanisa, hhayi i-MBR, futhi kudalwe ngokwengeziwe ukwahlukanisa okunengqondo kokugcina isithombe se -age. Khetha «isikhala samahhala» futhi "okusha" futhi.



6. Isithombe sesilayishi kufanelekile ukuhlukanisa ama-megabytes ama-1 wesikhala samahhala.



7. Manje setha lesi sigaba uhlobo oluthile ukuze lulayishwe kulo lapho ikhompyutha iqala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha u- "/ dev / sda2" etafuleni bese uya kumenyu ethi "TYY".



8. Rock up the imicibisholo yekhibhodi ebhuthini ye-bios bese uchofoza ku-Enter.



9. Ngokwengeziwe, isigaba sezimpande sidalwe lapho wonke amafayela wesistimu ezobekwa khona. Futhi etafuleni, yenza izinto ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile, okukhombisa usayizi we-20-30 GB.



10. Okulandelayo, dala ukwahlukanisa okuzokwenza iqhaza lomkhombandlela wasekhaya. Thatha kuyo yonke indawo etholakalayo, ushiye ama-gigabytes ambalwa wefayela lokufaka (ivolumu elinconyelwe ifayela lokufaka i-arch lilingana nenani le-RAM). Ekugcineni, ngemuva kwesiqondisi sasekhaya, dala ifayela lokugoqa, futhi ekugcineni kufanele ube nezigaba ezinhlanu. Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, gcina izinguquko ngokukhetha inketho ethi "Bhala".



11. Qinisekisa ukungena ngokubhala kulayini we- "Yebo".



12. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ungaphuma kumhleli wezingxenye ngokuchofoza ku- "Quit"

Lapho usuqede lesi sinyathelo, idiski elinzima lizohlukaniswa ngenani elidingekayo lezingxenye. Umsebenzisi uzohlala elungiselelwe kuphela ngokusetha uhlelo lwefayela kanye nezinto eziza kuqala, ngemuva kwalokho yonke into izolungela ukufaka.

Isinyathelo 6: Ukufometha kanye nokubeka izingxenye zokugcina

Manje zonke izigaba ezidaliwe azizona ezisistimu ezithile zefayela nokufomatha kufanele kwenziwe ukuze zizifake. Ngenxa yokuthi wonke amavolumu adalwe ngesandla, ukufomatha nokukhuthaza kufanele futhi kwenziwe ngokuzimela.

1. Isigaba somthwalo kungcono ukunquma ifomethi ye-FS "EXT2" ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ku-console, yenza kusebenze i-MKFS -T EXT2 -L Boot / Dev / SDA1 Command, lapho / i-DEV / SDA1 igama lokuqala elakhiwe.



2. Ingxenye yesibili yesithombe sokuqala ayidingi ukuthi ihlelwe, ngakho-ke siphendukela kufomethi yohlelo oluyinhloko bese ifometha ifomethi ye- "EXP4" ye-Ext4 -L / SDA3.



3. Isenzo esifanayo siyadingeka ukwenza ngesikhombisi sasekhaya, ukushaya amagoli ama-MKFS -T Ext4 -L Ikhaya / Dev / SDA4.



4. Ifayela lokufaka futhi alikhethwanga, ngakho-ke masinyane liyikhweze ngeMKSWAP / Dev / SDA5.



5. Izigaba ezidaliwe zenziwa futhi ngesandla, kuphela ngemuva kwalokho zizobe zilungele umsebenzi. Kufanele uqale ngekhathalogi ye-ROOT SUDO Mount / Dev / sda3 / mnt.



6. Okulandelayo, dala amafolda ahlukile we-bootloader kanye nesiqondisi sasekhaya nge-sudo mkdir / mnt / {boot, ikhaya}.



7. Ihlala kuphela ekukhubekise ukuhlukaniswa okusele ngokulandelana kwemigqa yeNtaba / i-DEV / SDA1 / MNT / Boot, MNT / SDA4 / MNT / Ikhaya ne-Re-Swapon / Dev / SDA5.

Zonke izigaba zalungiswa ngempumelelo ukufakwa kwazo ku-Arch. Uma konke kuhambe ngaphandle kwamaphutha, zizwe ukhululekile ukuya esigabeni esilandelayo.

Isinyathelo 7: Ukufakwa kohlelo

Njengoba sekushiwo ngaphambili, kuzodingeka ukuxhumana nge-inthanethi okusebenzayo kokufakwa okugcwele kwe-arch, ngoba izingxenye ezingeziwe zilayishwa kwisitoreji esisemthethweni. Uma uxhumano olunentambo lusethwe ngokushesha, bese kuthi nge-Wi-Fi kumele uguqule lezo zimiyalezo:

Imenyu ye-WiFi.

Ls / njll / nettl

Iphrofayili yokuqala ye-NetTL

Ngokuchaza ukuxhumana, ungaya ekufakweni, kepha okokuqala sincoma ukukhetha isibuko esifanele kakhulu ukuze inqubo yebhuthini idlule ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka:

1. Gijimani ifayela ngezibuko nge-Vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist Command.



2. Kopisha esinye sezibuko ngokucindezela kabili ukhiye we-Y, bese uyidlulisela uhlu ngokufaka ukhiye we-P. Ukuphuma kufayela kwenziwa ngokucindezela i-Shift +: kanye nokufaka i-WQ.



3. Gijimisa inqubo yokufaka iphakheji ngokufaka i-PACSTRAP / MNT Base Base-Devel.



4. Lindela ukuqedwa kokufakwa. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ungaqali kabusha ikhompyutha futhi ungacindezeli noma yiziphi izinkinobho kwikhibhodi.

Ukungezwa kwamaphakethe kuzoqedwa lapho kuvela umugqa wokufaka omusha ku-console. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaqala ukuhlelwa kohlelo lokuqala.

Isinyathelo 8: Setha Ngemuva kokufakwa

Kubalulekile hhayi ukufaka kuphela zonke izinto ezidingekayo, kepha futhi ukumisa amapharamitha amakhulu ukuze ukuxhumana kwe-OS kukhululekile ngangokunokwenzeka. Naka izenzo ezilandelayo, zenzelwe nje ukucushwa okuhle:

1. Ifayela lokucushwa kwazo zonke izinhlelo zefayela ezikhuphukile ngaphambi kofolda yohlelo. Ngeke kugcine imininingwane ewusizo kuphela, kepha futhi chaza uhlobo lokuhlanganiswa kwe-disk ku-OS. Ukwakha ingxenye, sebenzisa i-genfstab -u / mnt >> / mnt / njll / fstab command.



2. Umthwalo awulungile okwamanje, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuqala kabusha. Ukuze wenze ukucushwa okwengeziwe, ngena ngemvume nge-arch-chroot / mnt.



3. Setha indawo yesikhathi ngokusebenzisa i-Sudo Timedatectl Set-Timezone Europe / KieV, lapho i-Europe / Kiev yisifunda osifunayo. Sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo ukuze usebenzise i-sudo timedatectl set-NTP 1 ukusetha i-Protocol yenethiwekhi.



4. Phambilini, usuvele uhlangabezane nomsebenzi kusihleli sombhalo we-VIM ngaphambi kokufaka i-arch linux, kepha manje le ngxenye ebalulekile ilahlekile ohlelweni uqobo. Ungayifaka yi-PACMAN -S VIM noma i-PACMAN -SY VIM Command.



5. Qinisekisa ukwengeza kwamaphakheji ngokukhetha inketho efanele lapho umbuzo uvela.



6. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusebenze kwezikhombisi lapho i-OS izosebenza khona. Kuyadingeka ekubonisweni okulungile kwezimpawu ezahlukahlukene ze-cyrillic ne-latin. Gijimisa ifayela lokucushwa elifanele: Vim /ETC/OCALE.Gen.



7. Susa uphawu # ngemigqa efanelekile, ngokwesibonelo, nge-En_US.utf-8 noRu_ru.utf-8. Gcina izinguquko bese uphuma umhleli.



8. Kuzodingeka ukuvuselela ukucushwa okugcwalisiwe ngokungena endaweni ye-locale-Gen.



9. Manje shintsha ulimi olwenzelwe uhlelo lokusebenza kwiRussia ukuze kube lula ukuphathwa kokuphathwa: echo "Lang = ru_ru.utf-8"> /Locale.conf.



10. Setha igama lekhompyutha olidingayo lapho uxhumana nalo. Sebenzisa i-ECHO "Umsebenzisi-PC"> / njll / umlandeli umyalo, lapho umsebenzisi-pc yigama ledivayisi.



11. Ihlala kuphela ukuqinisekisa umsebenzisi ngokungeza kufayela lokucushwa. Okokuqala uyiqale nge-VIM / njll / hosts.



12. Faka i-String 127.0.0.1 Umsebenzisi-PC.Localdomain-PC, Qopha bese uvala umhleli.



13. Amanye amaprosesa adinga isithombe sokulandwa kusenesikhathi kokuqalisa okulungile kwe-OS. Uma ungaqiniseki uma kudingeka, vele ufake isithombe nge-Mkikitcpio -P Linux.



14. Setha iphasiwedi yokufinyelela izimpande ngomyalo wePasswd.



15. Ihlala kuphela ukufaka i-grub bootloader futhi ilungiselele i-Intanethi. Ifakwe ngendlela ejwayelekile - i-pacman -s grub.



16. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa, idiski ye-Grub-yokufaka / i-Dev / SDA yengezwe ku-Grub-Fluap-Pov / SDA Disk kanye nefayela elihlukile le-grub-mkconfig -uggred/cgg



17. Ukusetha inethiwekhi ye-Intanethi nakho kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala kabusha uhlelo. Naka imiyalo elandelayo bese uyilandela ngokuhlukile:

    I-LS / SYS / CLASS / NET / (incazelo yesibonisi senethiwekhi esebenzayo).

    I-CP / njll / netctl / njll / i-Ethernet-DHCP / njll / nettl / Ethernet-DHCP (Ifayela Lokuqopha Kopisha).

    I-Vim / njll / netctnet / Ethernet-DHCP (Qalisa ifayela lokucushwa ngesihleli sombhalo).



18. Kufayela lokucushwa, shintsha inani lesixhumi kulokhu owafundile ngaphambili ngomyalo we-LS.



19. Yenza kusebenze iphrofayili ekhethiwe ekhethiwe: I-NetTL inika amandla i-Ethernet-DHCP.



20. Phuma ezindaweni zokuphuma, bese wehlisa zonke izinhlelo zefayela nge-muount -r / mnt bese uqala kabusha i-arch bulux ngokuphrinta ukuqala kabusha.

Kule nqubo, ukucushwa okuphelele kohlelo lokusebenza kuqediwe. Ihlala kuphela ukulinda ukuqala kabusha futhi ungaqhubeka nokusebenza.

Isinyathelo 9: Usebenzisa i-Arch Linux

Imvamisa, ukusatshalaliswa kwe-arch Linux kunentshisekelo kwalabo basebenzisi asebevele benolwazi lwangaphambilini neminye imihlangano elula kulo mgogodla. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akukhansele iqiniso lokuthi abasebenzisi be-novice babuye beza kulesikhulumi. Kudingeka balungiselelwe iqiniso lokuthi iningi lezenzo nezilungiselelo zenziwa ngekhonsoli ejwayelekile. Ungajwayelana nokuqaliswa kwemisebenzi eyisisekelo ezihlokweni zethu kulezi zixhumanisi ezilandelayo.

Bona futhi:

Ukufometha i-Flash Drayivu eLinux

Ukufaka i-Adobe Flash Player eLinux

Ukukhishwa kwe-Tar.GZ yefomethi ye-Tar.Gz ye-Linux

Ukufaka abashayeli bekhadi levidiyo le-NVIDIA eLinux

Ngaphezu kwalokho, namuhla ubhekene namaqembu amaningi athandwayo okuzodingeka asebenzise kaningi esigungwini. Siphakamisa ukuthi sihlole ngokucophelela ngamunye wabo bese sizama ukukhumbula ukusetshenziswa, i-syntax kanye nokunemba kokufakwa. Lokhu kuzosiza nezinto ezinemininingwane.

Bona futhi:

Imiyalo esetshenziswa kaningi ku- "terminal" Linux

Ln / thola / ls / greep eLinux

Kulokhu, i-athikili yethu isiqediwe. Siyethemba ukuthi wazi kahle yonke inqubo yokufaka futhi abukho ubunzima obuvele ngesikhathi sokubulawa kwayo. Ngeminye imininingwane ngomsebenzi kule ngxenyekazi, bheka imibhalo esemthethweni eyakhelwe abadali bohlelo.

Izincomo ezijwayelekile ze-arch linux