Ukwakha imodeli yephrinta ye-3D

Amaphrinta okuphrinta okunezinhlangothi ezintathu atholakale kakhudlwana, ngokulandelana, atholakala nabasebenzisi abajwayelekile abafisa ukukwazi kahle lobu buchwepheshe. Abanye agculisekile ngokuphrinta amamodeli angenziwa ngomumo alandwe kwi-Intanethi, ngakho-ke babuzwa ngokwakha iphrojekthi yabo. Umsebenzi wenziwa usebenzisa isoftware ekhethekile futhi udinga ulwazi olungejwayelekile noma olunzulu ekusebenzeni kwesoftware enjalo, okuncike kwizidingo zomsebenzisi kwimodeli.

Indlela 1: I-Blender

I-Blender uhlelo lokuqala, inhloso enkulu yazo ukwakha amamodeli we-3D ukuthola ezinye izithombe noma uhlelo lokusebenza ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha. Kusebenza mahhala futhi kufanelana nabasebenzisi be-novice abokuqala ukuhlangana nezicelo zalolu hlobo, ngakho-ke kuthatha lesi sikhundla. Masicabangele kafushane inqubo yokulungiselela imodeli yokuphrinta igxathu negxathu ukuhamba ngokuqala ngezilungiselelo zethuluzi uqobo.

Isinyathelo 1: Izenzo zokulungiselela

Vele, ngemuva kokuqala i-blender, ungaqala ngokushesha ukujwayela i-interface kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli, kepha okokuqala kungcono ukunaka izenzo zokulungiselela ukumisa indawo yokusebenza ye-3D Pripry izakhiwo zephrinta ze-3D. Lo msebenzi ngeke uthathe isikhathi esiningi futhi uzodinga ukusebenza kwamapharamitha ambalwa nje.

1. Ukuqala, khetha amapharamitha wokubonanisa kanye nendawo yezinto, ukusunduza kude nezidingo zakho.



2. Engxenyeni elandelayo yewindows esheshayo yokusetha, uzobona izifanekiso ezahlukahlukene zokuqalisa umsebenzi kanye nokubhekisisa kwimithombo ngolwazi olusizayo oluzoba wusizo lapho kuhlola isoftware. Vala leli windi ukuze uye esinyathelweni esilandelayo sokucushwa.



3. Kuphaneli ngakwesokudla, thola isithonjana esithi "Sce Sear" bese uqhafaza kuyo. Igama lezinkinobho livela ngemizuzwana embalwa ngemuva kokuthi ikhesa liqondiswe.



4. Esigabeni esivelayo, sandisa i-Units Block.



5. Faka uhlelo lokulinganisa metric bese usetha isikali "1". Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze amapharamitha wesehlakalo adluliselwe esikhaleni sephrinta ye-3D ngendlela efanele.



6. Manje nakani iphaneli ephezulu yohlelo. Hambisa isikhombisi ngaphezulu kwe- "Hlela" nakumenyu ye-pop-up evelayo, khetha "Okuncamelayo".



7. Ewindini lezilungiselelo, dlulela ku- "Izengezo".



8. Beka futhi kusebenze amaphuzu amabili abizwa nge-Mesh: 3D-Phrinta Toolbox ne-Mesh: Looptools.



9. Qiniseka ukuthi amabhokisi okuhlola afakwe ngempumelelo, bese eshiya leli windi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sincoma ukunaka kwezinye izinto zokucushwa. Lapha ungahlela ukubukeka kohlelo, ushintshe indawo yezakhi ezibonakalayo, uziguqule noma azikhubaze nhlobo. Lapho usuqede zonke lezi zenzo, iya esinyathelweni esilandelayo.

Isinyathelo 2: Ukwakha into enezici ezintathu

I-Modelling yinqubo esemqoka yokwakha iphrojekthi ukuze uphinde unyathelise kwimishini efanelekile. Lesi sihloko sizobhekana nomsebenzisi ngamunye ofuna ukusebenzela ngokuzimela kumanani ahlukahlukene nezinto. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu kufanele ufundele ukwakheka okukhulu kolwazi, ngoba ukusebenza kwe-blender kukhulu kangangokuba kuphela okuyisisekelo okuzoqonda kahle. Ngeshwa, ifomethi ye-athikili yanamuhla yanamuhla ngeke ivumele ukwamukela ngisho nengxenye encane yalo lonke ulwazi nemiyalo, ngakho-ke sikucebisa ukuthi ubhekisele kwimibhalo esemthethweni ngesiRussia, lapho yonke imininingwane ihlukaniswe ngezigaba futhi ichazwe ngendlela enemininingwane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza nje kusixhumanisi esilandelayo.

Iya kumadokhumenti asemthethweni we-Blender

Isinyathelo 3: Ukuqinisekiswa kwephrojekthi okufanele kuhambisane nezincomo ezijwayelekile

Ngaphambi kokuqeda umsebenzi ngemodeli, seluleka ukungaphuthelwa izici ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zenziwe ukuze kwenziwe iphrojekthi futhi siqinisekise ukuphrinta kwayo okulungile kwiphrinta. Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi azikho ezinye izindawo ezingaphezu kwamandla. Kufanele bahlangane kuphela, bakha into eyodwa. Uma kukhona okwenzeka ngaphesheya kohlaka, izinkinga kungenzeka zibe nekhwalithi yesibalo uqobo, ngoba ukwehluleka okuncane kokuphrinta kuzokwenzeka endaweni esenziwe ngendlela engalungile. Ukuze kube lula, ungahlala uvula ukubonisa kwenethiwekhi esobala ukuhlola umugqa ngamunye nenkambu ngayinye.

Okulandelayo, bhekana nokwehla kwenani lama-polygons, ngoba inani elikhulu lalezi zinto kuphela lifakazela ukwakheka ngokwalo futhi livimbela ukusebenza kahle. Vele, gwema ama-polygons angeziwe lapho enza into ngokwawo, kepha awwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza lokhu esigabeni samanje. Noma yiziphi izindlela zokwenza kahle zitholakala kuwe, futhi ezibhalwe ngemibhalo futhi zichaza izinto zokuqeqesha ezivela kubasebenzisi abazimele.

Manje sifuna ukusho imigqa emincane noma noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa. Njengoba kwaziwa, i-nozzle ngokwayo inosayizi othile, okuncike kwimodeli yephrinta, futhi ipulasitiki akuyona into enokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungcono ukugwema ukuba khona kwezinto ezincanyana kakhulu, okuthi emcabangweni kungenzeka kungasebenzi nhlobo kuma-prints noma kuzobuthaka kakhulu. Uma izikhathi ezinjalo zikhona kulo msebenzi, zikhulisa kancane, engeza ukwesekwa noma, uma kungenzeka, hlukana.

Isinyathelo 4: Ukuthekelisa kwephrojekthi

Isigaba sokugcina sokulungiselela imodeli yokuphrinta siyayithumela ngefomethi efanelekile. Yilolu hlobo lwedatha elisekelwa ngabaphrinti be-3D futhi luzoqashelwa kahle. Akukho ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kungenziwa uma imibala noma noma yiziphi izici ezilula sezibelwe iphrojekthi.

1. Vula imenyu ethi "Ifayela" bese uzulazula ngokuthumela ngaphandle.



2. Ohlwini lwe-pop-up oluvelayo, khetha u- "STL (.stl)".



3. Cacisa indawo kwimidiya ekhiphekayo noma yasendaweni, setha igama lemodeli bese uqhafaza ku- "Thumela STL".

Le phrojekthi izosindiswa ngokushesha futhi ifinyeleleke ekwenzeni ezinye izenzo. Manje usungafaka i-USB Flash Drayivu ibe yiphrinta noma uyixhume kwikhompyutha ukwenza ukwenziwa komsebenzi okhona. Ngeke sinikeze izeluleko zokuthi ungamisa kanjani, ngoba zingumuntu ngamunye ngemodeli ngayinye yamadivayisi futhi zipelwe ngokucacile kwimiyalo nemibhalo ehlukahlukene.

Indlela 2: I-AutodeSk Fusion 360

Lolu hlelo olulandelayo olubizwa nge-AutoDesk Fusion 360 luyatholakala ukusetshenziswa kwamahhala kwangasese kulo lonke unyaka, ngakho-ke kufanelekile kakhulu ekubukeni nasekudaleni amamodeli alula ukuwaphrinta ngokuzayo kwimishini ekhona. Sinqume ukwenza umgomo wokujwayela nalokhu ngendlela efanayo ne-blender, ngakho-ke sakha ukwahlukaniswa ngezigaba.

Landa i-Autodek Fusion 360 kusuka kusayithi elisemthethweni

Isinyathelo 1: Izenzo zokulungiselela

Kwi-AutodeSk Fusion 360, akudingeki ukuthi usebenze ngokuzimela i-Toolbars noma ukhethe amapharamitha angajwayelekile. Umsebenzisi kuphela kufanele aqinisekiswe ku-metric yephrojekthi efanele futhi, uma kunesidingo, ashintshe izakhiwo zamaqembu ezinhlobo zohlobo, ezenzekayo:

1. Ngemuva kokulanda nokufaka i-AutoDesk Fusion 360 kusuka kusayithi elisemthethweni, ukwethulwa kokuqala kumele kwenzeke. Ngeke kube namafasitela okuqala okubonisa, ngakho-ke iphrojekthi entsha izokwakhiwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Naka isigaba se- "Browser", esitholakala ngakwesobunxele ngaphansi kwamaphaneli amakhulu. Lapha, khetha u- "Izilungiselelo zedokhumenti" ukuthumela lesi sigaba.



2. Zula ukuze uhlele ifayela elithi "amayunithi", uma inani elijwayelekile kumamilimitha lingakufaneli.



3. Ensimini ebonakala ngakwesokudla, khetha iyunithi enkulu ye-Divement ofuna ukulandela yonke isikhathi sokuxhumana nephrojekthi.



4. Ngemuva kwalokho, jwayezane nesigaba esithi "ukubukwa okuthiwa" kanye "nemvelaphi". Lapha ungaqamba kabusha uhlangothi ngalunye ngokuncamelayo komuntu siqu futhi ulungiselele ukubonisa kwezimbazo kwindawo yokusebenza.



5. Ekupheleni kokucushwa, qiniseka ukuthi isikhala esithi "Design" sikhethiwe, ngoba sikhona ukuthi ukudalwa okuyisisekelo kwazo zonke izinto zenzeka.

Isinyathelo 2: Phrinta ukuthuthukiswa kwemodeli

Uma ubhekene nesidingo sokuthuthukiswa kwemodeli yezandla nge-AutodeSk Fusion 360, kuzofanele ufunde lolu hlelo isikhathi eside noma okungenani uzijwayeze ngezisekelo. Ake siqale ukubheka isibonelo esilula sokungeza ukwakheka nokuhlela usayizi wabo.

1. Vula uhlu lwe- "Dala" bese ufunda amafomu nezinto ezitholakalayo. Njengoba kungabonakala, zikhona zonke izibalo eziphambili. Vele uchofoze omunye wabo ukuze uze.



2. Ngaphezu kwalokho bheka ezinye izinto ezitholakala kwiphaneli ephezulu. Isikhala esikhulu lapha sihlalwa ngama-modifiers. Ngokusho komklamo wezithonjana zabo ziyaqondakala nje, abaphendula ngazo. Isibonelo, i-modifier yokuqala iyalahla amaqembu, umjikelezo wesibili kubo, nokwesithathu kudala ukuzitika.



3. Ngemuva kokungeza izinhlobo zento eya kwindawo yokusebenza, kuzovela ama-levers, ngokuhambisa osayizi behlangothi ngalunye.



4. Lapho ulungisa, bheka inkambu ehlukile ngobukhulu. Ungazihlela ngokwakho ngokusetha amanani adingekayo.

Mayelana nezici eziyinhloko, landela ukuthi kudingeke ukuthi, Sesivele sikhulumile lapho sibheka i-blender, ngakho-ke ngeke siphinde siyeke. Esikhundleni salokho, siphakamisa ukuhlola izikhathi ezisele zokuxhumana ne-autodesk fusion 360 ngokufunda imibhalo esemthethweni esizeni ukuze ikwazi ukwakhiwa kwama-primitives hhayi kuphela ama-prim.

Iya ukufunda i-AutodeSk Fusion 360 imibhalo

Isinyathelo 3: Ukuphrinta Ukulungiselela / Ukulondolozwa Kwedokhumenti

Njengengxenye yalesi sigaba, sizotshela ngezenzo ezimbili ezihlukile ezihlobene ngqo nokuphrinta kwe-3D. Owokuqala ukuthumela umsebenzi ngokushesha ngesoftware esetshenzisiwe. Le nketho ilungele kuphela lezo zimo lapho iphrinta ngokwayo ingaxhunyaniswa kwikhompyutha futhi isekela ukuxhumana ngesoftware enjalo.

1. Kumenyu ethi "File", yenza kusebenze into yokuphrinta ye-3D.



2. I-block enezilungiselelo izovela ngakwesokudla. Lapha udinga kuphela ukukhetha idivaysi yokukhipha uqobo, uma kunesidingo - Nika amandla ukubuka kuqala bese uqhuba ukubulawa komsebenzi.

Kodwa-ke, manje iningi lamadivayisi wokuphrinta ajwayelekile asasekela kuphela ama-flash drive noma umsebenzi kuphela nge-software enomkhiqizo, ngakho-ke isidingo sokugcina into yenzeka kaningi. Lokhu kwenziwa kanjena:

1. Kumenyu efanayo ye-pop-up "File", chofoza inkinobho ethi "Export".



2. Nweba uhlu "uhlobo".



3. Khetha amafayela we-OBJ (* obj) noma "amafayela we-STL (* .stl)."



4. Ngemuva kwalokho, setha indawo ukuze ugcine bese uqhafaza inkinobho ethi "Export".



5. Lindela ukuqeda isitoreji. Le nqubo izothatha imizuzu embalwa.

Uma okuthengiswayo okunjalo kuphelile ngephutha, kuzodingeka uphinde ulondoloze kabusha iphrojekthi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza inkinobho ekhethekile noma usebenzise inhlanganisela ye-CTRL + S ejwayelekile.

Indlela 3: SketchUp

Abasebenzisi abaningi bazi-sketchUp njengendlela yokubonisa izindlu, noma kunjalo, ukusebenza kwale software kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungasetshenziswa njengendlela yokusebenza ngamamodeli lapho ulungiselela ukuphrinta kwe-3D. I-SketchUp yangena ohlwini lwethu lwanamuhla ngenxa yokungenisa okulula kwamamodeli we-free asevele ekulungele ukuhlela nokusindisa okungeziwe kwifomethi oyifunayo. Masibe sishintshana ngokuphenduka zonke izici zokulawulwa kwedatha.

Isinyathelo 1: Ukwethulwa kokuqala nokusebenza ngamamodeli

Okokuqala, siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze ngokwesisekelo sokusebenzisana okuyisisekelo nge-sketchUp ukuqonda kahle ukuthi amamodeli angezwa kanjani futhi alawule. Okulandelayo, sizoshiya izixhumanisi nezinto zokuqeqesha uma ufuna ukufunda lesi sixazululo ngemininingwane eminingi.

1. Ngemuva kokufaka nokusebenzisa i-SketchUp, udinga uchofoze inkinobho ethi "Login" ukuxhuma i-akhawunti yomsebenzisi. Uma uqale ukujwayela isikhathi secala, khona-ke kusukela kuleli phuzu kokubala kwezinsuku ngaphambi kokuba kuqedwe.



2. Lapho kuvela iwindi, "wamukelekile ku-SketchUp", chofoza ku- "Elula" ukuya kwindawo yokusebenza.



3. Izibalo zokudweba kulolu hlelo zenziwa ngendlela efanayo nakwezinye izixazululo ezifanayo. Igundane ngaphezulu kwesigaba se- "Dweba" bese ukhetha ukwakheka okuphikisayo.



4. Emva kwalokho, ibekwa kwindawo yokusebenza futhi ngasikhathi sinye esihlelwe usayizi wayo.



5. Izinkinobho ezisele kumaphaneli aphezulu enza izinketho ze-modifiers futhi zinesibopho sokwenza ezinye izenzo.

Njengoba sishilo phambilini, abathuthukisi be-sketchUp bahlinzeka ngezinto eziningi ezahlukene zokuqeqeshwa ekuxhumaneni nalolu hlelo lokusebenza hhayi ngefomethi yombhalo kuphela, kodwa futhi njengevidiyo ku-YouTube. Ungajwayelana nakho konke lokhu kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ngokusebenzisa ireferensi engezansi.

Iya ekufundeni imibhalo ye-SketchUp

Isinyathelo 2: Ukulayisha imodeli eqediwe

Akubona bonke abasebenzisi abafuna ukudala amamodeli ngokuzimela, okuzothunyelwa ngokuzayo ukuphrinta. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ungalanda iphrojekthi eqediwe, uyihlele, bese uyithumela ngefomethi efanelekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa insiza esemthethweni evela kubathuthukisi be-sketchUp.

Iya kuModels ye-SketchUp

1. Sebenzisa isixhumanisi esingenhla ukufika ekhasini eliyinhloko lesayithi ukusesha amamodeli. Lapho kuqinisekisa isivumelwano selayisense ukuqala ukusebenzisa.



2. Okulandelayo, siphakamisa ukusebenzisa umsebenzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi ngesigaba ukuthola ngokushesha imodeli efanelekile.



3. Uhlu Thola inketho, kanye nokunaka izihlungi ezengeziwe.



4. Ngemuva kokukhetha imodeli, ihlala ichofoza ku- "Download".



5. Gijimani ifayela eliphumela nge-sketchUp.



6. Bheka imodeli bese uyihlela uma kunesidingo.

Isinyathelo 3: Ukuthumela Iphrojekthi Eqediwe

Ekugcineni, kuhlala kukhipha iphrojekthi eqediwe ukuze kuqhume okwengeziwe kudivayisi ekhona. Usuvele uyazi, lapho kufanele ululondoloze khona ifayela, futhi kwenziwa kanjena:

1. Hambisa isikhombisi esigabeni "sefayela" - "ukuthekelisa" bese ukhetha "imodeli ye-3D".



2. Ewindini lomqhudeli ovelayo, unentshisekelo ngefomethi ye-OBJ noma ye-STL.



3. Ngemuva kokukhetha indawo nefomethi, ihlala kuphela ukuze uchofoze ku- "Export".



4. Ukusebenza kwamanye amazwe kuzoqala, isimo esingabhekwa ngokuzimela.



5. Uzothola imininingwane ngemiphumela yenqubo futhi ungashintshela ekwenzeni umsebenzi wokuphrinta.

Vele ufunde ngezinhlelo ezintathu ezihlukene kumodeli we-3D okufanelekile ukuze wakhe noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuphrinta ephrinta enezici ezintathu. Kunezinye izixazululo ezifanayo ezikuvumela ukuthi ugcine amafayela kufomethi ye-STL noma ye-OBJ. Sincoma ukuzijwayeza ngokwakho ngohlu lwabo kulezo zimo lapho izixazululo ezichazwe ngenhla zingakulungile nganoma yisiphi isizathu.

Funda kabanzi: Izinhlelo ze-3D Modeling

Indlela 4: Izinsizakalo eziku-inthanethi

Awukwazi ukudlula amaqembu nezindawo ezikhethekile eziku-inthanethi ezikuvumela ukuthi udale imodeli ye-3D ngaphandle kokulayisha uhlelo, uyilondoloze ngendlela oyifunayo noma uthumele ngokushesha ukuphrinta. Ukusebenza kwezinsizakalo ezinjalo zeWebhu kuphansi kakhulu kwisoftware egcwele ngokugcwele, ngakho-ke afanele abasebenzisi be-novice kuphela. Ake sibheke isibonelo sokusebenza kule ndawo enjalo.

Iya kuwebhusayithi yeTinkercad

1. Njengesibonelo, sakhetha i-tinkercad. Chofoza isixhumanisi esingenhla ukufaka isayithi lapho uqhafaza khona inkinobho ethi "Qala Umsebenzi".



2. Uma i-akhawunti ye-AutoDesk ilahlekile, kuzofanele ukuye ukuyenze ukuvula ukufinyelela kwi-akhawunti yomuntu siqu.



3. Ngemuva kwalokho, qhubeka nokwakha iphrojekthi entsha.



4. Ngakwesokunene sendawo yokusebenza ubona izibalo namafomu. Ngokuhudula, zingezwa endizeni.



5. Lapho-ke usayizi womzimba nezimbobo zihlelwa ngokuya ngezidingo zomsebenzisi.



6. Ekupheleni kokusebenza nalo msebenzi, chofoza okuthekelisa.



7. Ewindini elihlukile, amafomethi afinyelelekayo wokuphrinta we-3D azokhonjiswa.



8. Ngemuva kokukhethwa kwayo, ukulanda okuzenzakalelayo kuzoqala.



9. Uma ungafuni ukulanda ifayela futhi ungathumela ngokushesha umsebenzi ukuphrinta, iya kuthebhu ye-3D-Phrinta bese ukhetha iphrinta lapho.



10. Kuzoba noshintsho emthonjeni wangaphandle bese inqubo yokulungiselela nokwenza umsebenzi izokwethulwa.

Ngeke sicabangele ngokuphelele zonke izinsizakalo zeWebhu ezithandwayo ku-3D Modeling, ngakho-ke sikhulume eyodwa kuphela engcono kakhulu futhi elungiselelwe ngaphansi kokuphrinta kwe-3D. Uma unentshisekelo ngale ndlela, vele ufune amasayithi ngesiphequluli ukukhetha inketho efanele.

Kwakuwulwazi lonke mayelana nokwakha imodeli yokuphrinta kwiphrinta ye-3D, esasifuna ukuyisho ngohlaka lwencwadi eyodwa. Okulandelayo, ungalanda ifayela kuphela ngento elungiselelwa isoftware, xhuma iphrinta bese uqala ukuphrinta.

Funda futhi: Izinhlelo zephrinta ze-3D