Into enjalo njengokuhlelwa kwe-router namuhla kusenye yezinsizakalo ezivame kakhulu, enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu zabasebenzisi kanye neminye imibuzo ejwayelekile kakhulu ezinsizakalweni ze-yandex nase-Google. Esizeni sami ngangivele ngabhala imiyalo engaphezu kweshumi nambili yokuthi ungamisa kanjani ama-routers amamodeli ahlukene, ane-firmware ehlukile yabahlinzeki abahlukahlukene.
Kodwa-ke, abaningi babhekene nesimo lapho kuseshwa ku-Intanethi akunikezi khona imiphumela yecala labo elithile. Izizathu zalokhu zihluke ngokuphelele: umeluleki esitolo, ngemuva kokuthi umphathi amgqole, ancoma ukuthi wena ungenye yamamodeli angathandeki, kusukela ezinsalela zokuthi udinga ukuqeda; Uxhumeke kunoma yimuphi umhlinzeki, mayelana nokuthi akekho owaziyo futhi ongazange achaze indlela yokulungiselela i-Wi-Fi router ye-Wi-Fi ngayo. Izinketho zihlukile.
Enye indlela, uma ubiza iWizard enekhono ngokuhlinzekwa kosizo lwekhompyutha, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi ibambe isikhashana, yaqala ukubhekana nale router nomhlinzeki wakho, izokwazi ukulungiselela ukuxhumana okudingekayo nenethiwekhi engenantambo . Wenza kanjani? Ngokuvamile, kulula kakhulu - kwanele ukwazi izimiso ezithile futhi uqonde ukuthi yiyona kahle ukusethwa kwe-router nokuthi yiziphi izenzo ezidinga ukwenziwa ukuze zikhiqize.
Ngakho-ke, lokhu akuwona umyalo wokuhlela imodeli ethile ye-router engenantambo, kanye nebhukwana kulabo abangathanda ukufunda ukwenza noma yimuphi umhlinzeki we-inthanethi ngokwabo.
Imiyalo enemininingwane yemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene nabahlinzeki ongayithola lapha.Ukusetha i-router yanoma iyiphi imodeli yanoma yimuphi umhlinzeki
Kuzofanele kwenze inothi eliphathelene nesihloko: Kwenzeka ukuthi ukulungiswa kwe-router kohlobo oluthile (ikakhulukazi ukukhathazeka ngamamodeli angavamile noma alethwe kwamanye amazwe) ngomhlinzeki othize akunakwenzeka ngomgomo. Kwenzeka futhi umshado, noma izimbangela ezithile zangaphandle - izinkinga ngentambo, ugesi oqinile nokuvalwa kanye nabanye. Kepha, ngo-95% wamacala, ukuqonda ukuthi kusebenza ini nokuthi kusebenza kanjani, ungahlela konke kungakhathalekile ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwemishini futhi iyiphi inkampani enikezela ngezinsizakalo zokufinyelela kwi-Intanethi.Ngakho-ke, kusuka kulokho esizokuza kule ncwadi:- Sine-router enhle yokuhlelela
- Kukhona ikhompyutha exhunywe kwi-Intanethi (I.E. Ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi kumisiwe futhi kusebenza ngaphandle kwe-router)
Sifunda uhlobo lokuxhuma
Kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele wazi ukuthi hlobo luni lokuxhumana olusetshenziswa ngumhlinzeki. Futhi lolu lwazi lungatholakala kuwebhusayithi yenkampani enikeza ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi. Enye inketho uma ukuxhumana sekuvele kulungiselelwe kwikhompyutha uqobo, ukubona ukuthi luhlobo luni lolu xhuma.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuxhumeka yi-PPPOE (ngokwesibonelo, i-rostelecom), i-pptp ne-l22p (isibonelo, i-beeline), i-IP ye-IP enamandla (ikheli le-IP elifana kakhulu (Ikheli le-Static IP - elivame ukusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zehhovisi ).
Ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lokuxhumeka olusetshenziswa kukhompyutha ekhona, kwanele ukufaka uhlu lokuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi yekhompyutha (ku-Windows 7 no-8 - Isikhungo Sokulawula - Ukufinyelela okwabiwe - shintsha amapharamitha we-adaptha; ku-Windows I-XP - Ukulawulwa kwephaneli - Ukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi) bese ubheka ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kwenethiwekhi.
Izinketho zalokho esizobona nge-Windery Connect cishe okulandelayo:
Uhlu lokuxhuma
- Ukuxhumana okukodwa ngenkuthalo kunethiwekhi yendawo;
- I-Active ingukuxhumeka kwenethiwekhi yendawo nenye - ukuxhumeka okuphezulu, ukuxhumana kwe-VPN, igama alinalo inani elikhethekile, kungabizwa ngendlela othanda ukungena kwi-Intanethi kule khompyutha , amapharamitha athile okuxhumeka okufanele siwafunde ngokulungiswa okulandelayo kwe-router.
Esimweni sokuqala Thina, kungenzeka sibhekane nokuxhumeka kohlobo lwe-IP olunamandla, noma i-IP ye-Static. Ukuze uthole lokhu, udinga ukubheka ezakhiweni zokuxhumeka kwinethiwekhi yendawo. Chofoza isithonjana sokuxhumeka ngenkinobho yegundane efanele, chofoza "Izakhiwo". Ngemuva kwalokho, kuhlu lwezakhi ezisetshenziswa ukuxhumana, khetha u- "I-Inthanethi Protocol Version 4 IPv4" bese uchofoza "Izakhiwo". Uma sibona izakhiwo ikheli le-IP namakheli amaseva we-DNS akhishwe ngokuzenzakalelayo, khona-ke sinokuxhumana ne-IP enamandla. Uma kukhona ezinye izinombolo lapho, khona-ke sinekheli le-IP le-TOSTIC kanye nokulungiswa okulandelayo kwe-router kufanele liphinde libhale lezi zinombolo kwenye indawo, zizoba usizo.
Ukulungiselela i-router uzodinga izilungiselelo zokuxhuma i-IP
Esimweni sesibili Sinolunye uhlobo lokuxhuma. Ezimweni eziningi, yi-PPPOE, i-PPTP noma i-L2TP. Ukubona ukuthi hlobo luni lohlobo lokuxhumeka esilusetshenzisiwe, futhi, singakwazi, singakwazi kwizakhiwo zalokhu kuxhumana.
Ngakho-ke, ukuba nemininingwane ngohlobo lokuxhumana (sicabanga ukuthi imininingwane mayelana nokungena ngemvume nephasiwedi, uma kudingeka ukufinyelela i-Intanethi, unayo) Ungaya ngqo ekuhlelweni.
Ukuxhuma i-router
Ngaphambi kokuxhuma i-router kwikhompyutha, shintsha izilungiselelo zokuxhumeka ngaphezulu kwenethiwekhi yendawo ukuze ikheli le-IP ne-DNS litholakala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Cishe lapho lezi zilungiselelo zikhona, kwabhalwa ngenhla uma kwenzeka ngokuxhuma nekheli le-IP eliqinile nelishukumisayo.
Izinto ezijwayelekile cishe kunoma iyiphi i-router
Ama-routers amaningi anezixhumi esisodwa noma eziningi ezisayinwe yi-LAN noma i-Ethernet, nesixhumi esisodwa esisayiniwe nguWan noma i-Intanethi. Kwenye ye-LAN ye-LAN, xhuma ikhebula, ukuphela kwesibili okuzoxhunywa kwisixhumi sekhadi lenethiwekhi elihambisanayo lekhompyutha. I-Intanethi ixhumanisa ikhebula lakho lomhlinzeki we-inthanethi. Xhuma i-router ekunikezelweni kwamandla.
Phatha i-wi-fi router
Amanye amamodeli ama-routers ekhishini afika software eyenzelwe ukwenza lula inqubo yokubeka i-router. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukubheka ukuthi ezimweni eziningi kuyasiza kuphela ukulungiselela ukuxhumana kwabahlinzeki abakhulu. Sizolungiselela i-router ngesandla.
Cishe yonke i-router kukhona iphaneli yokuphatha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, evumela ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izilungiselelo ezidingekayo. Ukuyifaka, kwanele ukwazi ikheli le-IP olidingayo lokuxhumana, ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi (uma i-router ilungiselelwe ngaphambili, khona-ke kunconywa ukusetha kabusha amapharamitha alo efektri, lapho inkinobho yokusetha kabusha ivame ukuba khona) . Imvamisa, leli kheli, ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi kubhalwe e-router ngokwalo (esiswini esingemuva) noma kumadokhumenti ahlinzekwa ngedivayisi.
Uma kungekho lwazi olunjalo, ikheli le-router litholakala ngale ndlela elandelayo I-Ethernet - Ikheli lalesi sango futhi lidla ikheli le-router. Imvamisa kungu-192.168.0.1 (ama-routers we-D-Link) noma ngo-192.168.1.1 (asus nabanye).
Ngokuqondene nokungena okujwayelekile nephasiwedi ukufaka iphaneli yokuphatha iRouter, lolu lwazi lungaseshwa ku-inthanethi. Izinketho ezivame kakhulu:
| Ngena ngemvume | Igama lokuvunyelwa ukungena endaweni ethile |
| Admin. | Admin. |
| Admin. | (okungenalutho) |
| Admin. | Dlula |
| Admin. | 1234. |
| Admin. | Iphasiwedi. |
| izimpande. | Admin. |
| Okunye ... |
Manje, lapho sazi ikheli, ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi, siqala noma isiphi isiphequluli bese sifaka ikheli le-router, ngokulandelana, ikheli le-router. Lapho sisibuza, faka ukungena ngemvume nephasiwedi ukufinyelela izilungiselelo zayo futhi ufike ekhasini lokuphatha.
Mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo futhi okuqondile ukucushwa kwe-router, ngizobhala engxenyeni elandelayo, ngoba i-athikili eyodwa isivele yanele.