Imisebenzi yesikhathi nesikhathi se-Excel

Enye yamaqembu afunwa kakhulu alandelayo lapho esebenza namatafula e-Excel yizinsuku nemisebenzi yesikhathi. Kunosizo lwabo lokuthi ungakwazi ukwenza amakhompiyutha ahlukahlukene anedatha yesikhashana. Usuku nesikhathi kuvame ukunamathiselwa lapho kukhipha izingodo zemicimbi ehlukahlukene ku-Excel. Ukucubungula imininingwane enjalo ngumsebenzi ophambili wabasebenzisi abangenhla. Ake sibheke ukuthi ungalitholaphi leli qembu lemisebenzi esibonakalayo sohlelo, nokuthi ungasebenza kanjani ngamafomethi afunwa kakhulu aleli block.

Ukusebenza ngezinsuku nemisebenzi yesikhathi

Iqembu lezinsuku kanye nemisebenzi yesikhathi inesibopho sokucubungula imininingwane ethulwe ngosuku noma ifomethi yesikhathi. Njengamanje, i-Excel inabahlinzeki abangaphezu kwama-20, abafakiwe kule ndawo yefomula. Ngokukhishwa kwezinguqulo ezintsha ze-Excel, inombolo yazo ikhula njalo.

Noma yimuphi umsebenzi ungafakwa ngesandla, uma wazi i-syntax yayo, kepha iningi labasebenzisi, ikakhulukazi abangenalwazi noma elinezinga lolwazi hhayi elingaphezulu kwesilinganiso, okumele lifake imiyalo nge-graphic sholl, kulandelwa ukufudukela ewindini lokuxabana.

1. Ukwethula ifomula ngokusebenzisa iwizadi yokusebenza, khetha iseli lapho umphumela uzovezwa khona, bese uqhafaza inkinobho ethi "Faka umsebenzi". Itholakala ngakwesokunxele sentambo yefomula.



2. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusebenze i-wizard yemisebenzi kusebenze. Senza ukuchofoza esikhungweni "isigaba".



3. Kusuka kuhlu lokuvula, khetha into "yosuku nesikhathi".



4. Ngemuva kwalokho, uhlu lwabasebenza lwaleli qembu luyavulwa. Ukuya entweni ethile, khetha umsebenzi owuthandayo ohlwini bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi "KULUNGILE". Ngemuva kokukhipha izenzo ezifakwe kuhlu, kuzokwethulwa iwindi lengxabano.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi eWizards ingasebenza ngokugqamisa iseli eshidini bese icindezela inhlanganisela ye-Shift + F3. Kusekhona amathuba okushintshwa kwethebhu "formula", lapho ethepheni eqenjini lomtapo wolwazi wokusebenza kwemisebenzi, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka umsebenzi".

Kungenzeka ukuhambisa ewindini lezimpikiswano zefomula ethile kusuka kusuku nesikhathi seqembu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iwindi eliyinhloko le-Master of Master of Master of Master of. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sithuthela kuthebhu "formula". Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Usuku Nesikhathi". Itholakala etheyipu ku- "function Library Library" Toolbar. Uhlu lwabasebenza abatholakala kulesi sigaba lusebenze. Khetha eyodwa edingekayo ukwenza umsebenzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, kushukumisela efasiteleni lokuphikisana.

Isifundo: Imisebenzi yeWizard ku-Excel

Isundu

Enye yezinto ezilula, kepha nokho, imisebenzi efanele yaleli qembu idethi yocingo. Ibonisa usuku olunikeziwe ngefomu lezinombolo esitokisini, lapho iFomula uqobo likhona.

Izimpikiswano zalo zithi "unyaka", "inyanga" no "suku". Isici sokucutshungulwa kwedatha ukuthi umsebenzi usebenza kuphela ngengxenye yesikhashana kungabi ngaphezu kuka-1900. Ngakho-ke, uma njengengxabano emkhakheni we- "Year", ngokwesibonelo, ngo-1898, opharetha uzobonisa injongo engalungile esitokisini. Ngokwemvelo, inani njengezimpikiswano "ngenyanga" nelithi "usuku" ziyizinombolo, ngokulandelana, kusukela ngo-1 kuye ku-12 kuye ku-31 kuye ku-3.

Ukungena kwefomula yezandla, kusetshenziswa i-syntax elandelayo:

= Usuku (unyaka; inyanga; usuku)

Eduze kwalo msebenzi ngenani labapharetha unyaka, inyanga nosuku. Ziboniswa esitokisini inani elihambisana negama lazo futhi linengxabano efanayo.

Juba

Uhlobo lomsebenzi oyingqayizivele i-opharetha yedwa. Ibala umehluko phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili. Isici saso ukuthi lo opharetha awukho ohlwini lwamafomula we-Master of Master of Master, okusho ukuthi amanani awo angahlali ngokungena ngemvume, kodwa ngesandla, anamathele ku-syntax elandelayo:

= Roll (nach_data; kon_dat; iyunithi)

Kusuka kumongo, kuyacaca ukuthi "usuku lokuqala" kanye nezimpikiswano zokugcina "ziyizinsuku, umehluko phakathi kwawo okufanele ubalwe. Kepha njengengxabano "iyunithi" iyunithi elithile lokulinganisa kwalo mehluko:

• Unyaka (y);
• Inyanga (m);
• Usuku (d);
• Umehluko ezinyangeni (ym);
• Umehluko ezinsukwini ngaphandle kokunaka iminyaka (yd);
• Umehluko ezinsukwini awufaki ngaphandle kwezinyanga neminyaka (MD).

Isifundo: Inani lezinsuku phakathi kwezinsuku ze-Excel

ChistristRBDNI

Ngokuphikisana no-opharetha wangaphambilini, ifomula yeChistorBDNI yethulwa ohlwini lwemisebenzi Wizard. Umsebenzi wayo ukubala inani lezinsuku zokusebenza phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili, ezinikezwa njengezimpikiswano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona enye ingxabano - "amaholide". Le ngxabano iyakhethwa. Kubonisa inani lamaholide wesikhathi sokutadisha. Lezi zinsuku nazo zidonswa ekubalweni okuphelele. Ifomula ibala inani lazo zonke izinsuku phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili, ngaphandle kwaloMgqibelo, ngeSonto nalezozinsuku ezikhonjiswa ngumsebenzisi njengeholide. Njengabaphikisi abangasebenza ngokuqondile ngezinsuku nezixhumanisi eziya kumaseli atholakala kuwo.

I-syntax ibukeka:

= ChistraBdni (nach_data; kon_data; [amaholide])

Itdata

I-opharetha ye-TDAT iyathakazelisa ngoba ayinazo izingxabano. Ibonisa usuku lwamanje nesikhathi esifakiwe kukhompyutha. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi leli nani ngeke livuselelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kuzohlala kulungiswe ngesikhathi sokudala umsebenzi kuze kube ukuphindwa kabusha kwayo. Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha, kwanele ukukhetha iseli equkethe umsebenzi, setha isikhombisi entanjeni yefomula bese uqhafaza inkinobho ethi Enter kwikhibhodi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphinda kabusha kwedokhumenti kungafakwa kuzilungiselelo zalo. I-DDAT syntax enjalo:

= TDATA ()

Namhlanje

Kufana kakhulu nesici esedlule ngokuya ngo-opharetha wayo namuhla. Futhi ayinazimpikiswano. Kepha kukhombisa usuku nesikhathi esisekweni, kepha usuku olulodwa lwamanje. I-syntax futhi ilula kakhulu:

= Namuhla ()

Lesi sici, kanye nesokuqala, sidinga ukuphinda kabusha ekusebenzeni kwangempela. Ukubuyiselwa kabusha kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo.

Isikhathi

Umsebenzi oyinhloko womsebenzi wesikhathi ukukhishwa kwiseli elicacisiwe elishiwo izimpikiswano zesikhathi. Izimpikiswano zalo msebenzi zingamahora, imizuzu nemizuzwana. Zingacaciswa ngendlela yamanani ezinombolo kanye nanjengezethenjwa ezibonisa amaseli lapho amanani agcinwe khona. Lesi sici sifana kakhulu no-opharetha usuku, kuphela ngokungafani nalo libonisa izinkomba zesikhathi esibekiwe. Ubukhulu be- "Clock" buxabana bungasetwa ebangeni ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-23, kanye nezimpikiswano zeminithi nemizuzwana - kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-59. I-syntax yile:

= Isikhathi (amahora; imizuzu; imizuzwana)

Ngaphezu kwalokho, eduze kwalolu hlelo lokusebenza kungabizwa ngokuthi yimisebenzi ngayinye ihora, imizuzu namasekhondi. Ziboniswa esikrinini inani legama lesikhombisi sesikhathi esihambisanayo, elichazwe yigama kuphela lengxabano.

Faka ifayili

Usuku Umsebenzi Olunye. Ayenzelwe abantu, kepha ngohlelo. Umsebenzi wayo ukuguqula izinsuku ngefomu elijwayelekile kwinkulumo eyodwa yezinombolo ezitholakalayo zokubalwa ku-Excel. Ukuphela kwengxabano yalesi sici usuku njengombhalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengasendabeni yengxabano, usuku lucutshungulwa kahle kuphela amanani ngemuva kuka-1900. I-Syntax inalolu hlobo:

= Datax (usuku_kak_tector)

-Mbaxambili

Umsebenzi opharetha womsebenzi - Khombisa inani leviki ngosuku olubekiwe kwiseli elishiwo. Kepha ifomula libonisa hhayi igama lombhalo losuku, kodwa inombolo yayo yokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphuzu lesethenjwa sosuku lokuqala lwesonto lisethwe enkambu "yohlobo". Ngakho-ke, uma usetha inani le- "1" kulo mkhakha, khona-ke usuku lokuqala lwesonto luzobhekwa njengeSonto, uma "2" - UMsombuluko, njll. Kepha lokhu akuyona impikiswano ephoqelekile, uma kwenzeka insimu ingagcwaliswanga, kukholelwa ukuthi ukubala kuvela ngeSonto. Ukuphikisana kwesibili usuku langempela ngefomethi yenombolo, inombolo yokulandelana kosuku oluzofakwa khona. I-Syntax ibukeka kanjena:

= Demote (usuku_otther_format; [thayipha])

Nomndeli

Inhloso yo-Ophareli weNorngeli kuyinkomba enombolo yeseli ecacisiwe yesonto ngosuku lwesingeniso. Izimpikiswano empeleni ziwusuku nohlobo lwenani lokubuya. Uma konke kucacile ngengxabano yokuqala, okwesibili kudinga incazelo eyengeziwe. Iqiniso ngukuthi emazweni amaningi aseYurophu ngokusho kwe-ISO Standard 8601 yeviki lokuqala lonyaka, isonto lithathwa njengengoLwesine lokuqala. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo lwereferensi, ke ensimini yohlobo udinga ukubeka inombolo "2". Uma kungenzeka kakhulu ohlelweni lwezethenjwa olujwayelekile, lapho iViki lokuqala lonyaka liwela ngalo ngoJanuwari 1, khona-ke udinga ukubeka inombolo "1" noma ushiye i-Kindle ingenalutho. I-syntax yomsebenzi yile:

= Nomnnedheli (usuku; [uhlobo])

Ibanga

U-opharetha ohlatshwe inhlekelele ukhiqiza ukubalwa kokulingana kwengxenye yonyaka ophethwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili kuya konyaka. Izimpikiswano zalo msebenzi yilezi zinsuku ezimbili eziyimingcele yesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sici sinesisekelo sokuphikisana ngokuzikhethela ". Kubonisa indlela yokubala usuku. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, uma kungekho veli echaziwe, kuthathwa indlela yokubala yaseMelika. Ezimweni eziningi, kufanelekile nje, ngakho-ke iningi kakhulu le ngxabano alidingi ukugcwalisa konke. I-Syntax ithatha lolu hlobo:

= Umthwalo (i-nach_data; kon_data; [isisekelo])

Sidlule kuphela kubahlinzeki abaphambili abakha iqembu lemisebenzi "usuku nesikhathi" nesikhathi "esisezingeni eliphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona nabanye abasebenza nabanye abasebenza eqenjini elifanayo. Njengoba ubona, ngisho nemisebenzi echazwe yithi iyakwazi ukuthuthukisa kakhulu abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenze namanani efomethi njengosuku nesikhathi. Lezi zinto zikuvumela ukuthi ushintshele izibalo ezithile. Isibonelo, ngethula usuku noma isikhathi samanje esitokisini esibekiwe. Ngaphandle kokukwazisa ukuphathwa kwalezi zici, akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngolwazi oluhle ngohlelo lwe-Excel.