Ukuhlola izinga lokungalingani phakathi kwezendlalelo ezahlukene zabantu bomphakathi, ijika leLorentz kanye nokususelwa kwinkomba yakhe - i-Ginny Coefflic Igcwele isetshenziswa. Ngosizo lwazo, kungenzeka ukuthi unqume ukuthi likhulu kangakanani igebe lezenhlalo emphakathini phakathi kwezingxenye ezicebe kakhulu nezimpofu zabantu. Usebenzisa amathuluzi wohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Excel, ungasiza kakhulu inqubo yokwakha ijika laseLorentz. Ake sibheke, njengasendaweni ye-Excel kungenziwa ekusebenzeni.
Usebenzisa ijika le-lorentz
I-Lorentz Curve ngumsebenzi ojwayelekile wokusabalalisa oboniswa ngokugqamile. Ngokusho kwe-axis x yalo msebenzi, inani labantu abasezingeni eliphakeme lokwanda, futhi eduze ne-y axis inani eliphelele lemali kazwelonke. Empeleni, i-Lorentz Curve ngokwayo inamaphuzu, ngalinye lihambelana nezilinganiso zamaphesenti ezingeni lemali engenayo yomphakathi. Kukhudlwana umugqa we-lorentz, kulapho emphakathini kakhulu izinga lokungalingani.Esimweni esifanele lapho kungekho ukungalingani komphakathi, iqembu ngalinye labantu linezinga lemali engenayo lilingana ngqo nenombolo yalo. Umugqa obonakala esimweni esinjalo ubizwa ngokuthi i-Equity Curve, yize kungumugqa oqondile. Enkulu indawo yesibalo, ijika elilinganiselwe le-lorentz kanye nejika lokulingana, likhuphuka izinga lokungalingani emphakathini.
I-Lorentz Curve ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukuthola isimo sokwehlukanisa impahla emhlabeni, ezweni elithile noma emphakathini, kodwa futhi nokuqhathanisa kule ngxenye yemindeni ngayinye.
Umugqa oqondile oqondile, oxhumanisa umugqa wokulingana kanye nephuzu elikude kakhulu le-lorentz curve libizwa ngokuthi yi-hoover inkomba noma i-robin hood. Le ngxenye ikhombisa ukuthi yiluphi ubukhulu bemali engenayo ukuze babike kabusha emphakathini ukuze bafinyelele ukulingana okuphelele.
Izinga lokungalingani emphakathini linqunywa kusetshenziswa inkomba ye-ginny, engahluka kusuka ku-0 kuye ku-1.
Umugqa Wokulingana Wokulingana
Manje ake sibone esibonelweni esithile, ukuthi ungawakha kanjani umugqa wokulingana ne-lorentz ijika ku-Excel. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ithebula lenani labantu abaphukile emaqenjini amahlanu alinganayo (20%), afingqiwe etafuleni ngokwanda. Kwikholamu yesibili yaleli thebula, inani lemali engenayo kuzwelonke ephesenti lesilinganiso, elihambelana neqembu elithile labantu lethulwa.
Okokuqala, sakha umugqa wokulingana ngokuphelele. Kuzoba namachashazi amabili - zero kanye nephuzu lemali etholwayo kazwelonke ye-100% yabantu.
- Iya kuthebhu ethi "Insert". Emugqeni ku-Ithuluzi le- "Diagraph" Block Block, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Spot". Yilolu hlobo lomdwebo ofanele umsebenzi wethu. Lokhu okulandelayo kuvula uhlu lwezinto ezibhalisiwe zamashadi. Khetha "oboniswe ngama-curves abushelelezi kanye namamaki."
- Ngemuva kwalesi senzo senziwa indawo engenalutho yeshadi. Kwenzekile ngoba asizange sikhethe imininingwane. Ukuze wenze idatha bese wakhe ishadi, chofoza inkinobho yegundane efanele endaweni engenalutho. Kumenyu yokuqukethwe eyenziwe yasebenza, khetha i- "Khetha Idatha ..." Into.
- Kuvulwa iwindi lokukhethwa komthombo wedatha. Ngakwesobunxele kwayo, okubizwa ngokuthi "izakhi zezinganekwane (amazinga)" ngokuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka".
- Iwindi lokushintsha iwindi liyasungulwa. Emkhakheni we- "Row Name", ubhala igama lomdwebo esifuna ukuwabela. Ingatholakala nasephepheni futhi kulokhu kufanele ucacise ikheli leseli lendawo yalo. Kepha kithi kulula nje ukufaka igama ngesandla. Sinikeza umdwebo igama elithi "umugqa wokulingana".
Emkhakheni we-X Value, kufanele uchaze izixhumanisi zamaphoyinti womdwebo eceleni kwe-X axis. Njengoba ngiyokhumbula, kuzoba namagugu amabili kuphela nge-comma kulo mkhakha.
Ensimini ye- "V Values", izixhumanisi zamaphoyinti eduze kwe-axis ye-Y kufanele zibhalwe. Kuzoba khona futhi amabili: 0 no-35.9. Iphuzu lokugcina, njengoba sikwazi ukubona ngokohlelo, lihlangabezana nemali ephelele yezwe ka-100% yabantu. Ngakho-ke, bhala amanani "0; 35.9" ngaphandle kwezingcaphuno.
Ngemuva kwayo yonke imininingwane ekhonjisiwe yenziwa, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
- Ngemuva kwalokho, sibuyela ewindini lokukhethwa komthombo wedatha. Kuyo, futhi, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
- Njengoba singabona, ngemuva kwezenzo ezingenhla, kuzokwakhiwa umugqa ongenhla, kuzokwakhiwa umugqa wokulingana futhi kuzovela eshidini.
Isifundo: Ungayenza kanjani ishadi lokudingiswa
Ukudala ijika le-lorentz
Manje kufanele sakhe ngokuqondile ijika le-lorentz, lincike kwidatha yethebula.
- Qhafaza kwesokudla endaweni yomdwebo, lapho umugqa wokulingana usuvele usekhona. Kumenyu esebenzayo, yeka ukukhetha ku- "Khetha Idatha ...".
- Iwindi lokukhetha idatha livula futhi. Njengoba sibona, phakathi kwezinto, igama elithi "Umugqa Wokulingana" seliveziwe, kepha kudingeka senze elinye ishadi. Ngakho-ke, sichofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka".
- Iwindi lokushintsha iwindi livula futhi. Inkambu ye- "Row Igama", njengoba okokugcina, gcwalisa ngesandla. Lapha ungafaka igama elithi "Lorentz Curve".
Ensimini ye- "X Value", yonke imininingwane yekholomu "% yabantu" yetafula lethu kufanele isetshenziswe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, beka isikhombisi endaweni yasensimini. Okulandelayo, bopha inkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele bese ukhetha ikholomu ehambisanayo eshidini. Izixhumanisi zizokhonjiswa ngokushesha emugqeni zishintsha iwindi.
Ensimini ethi "V Valise", safaka izixhumanisi zamaseli wekholamu "National Fawer". Senza lokhu ngokwenqubo efanayo lapho imininingwane yenziwa khona emkhakheni owedlule.
Ngemuva kwayo yonke imininingwane engenhla yenziwa, cindezela inkinobho ethi "KULUNGILE".
- Ngemuva kokubuyela ewindini lokukhetha umthombo, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".
- Njengoba sikwazi ukubona, ngemuva kokwenza lezenzo ezingenhla, ijika leLorentz lizokhonjiswa futhi eshidini le-Excel.
Ukwakhiwa kwejika leLorentz kanye nomugqa wokulingana ku-Excel kukhiqizwa ezimisweni ezifanayo nokwakhiwa kwanoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwamashadi kulolu hlelo. Ngakho-ke, kubasebenzisi abathumbi ikhono lokwakha imidwebo namagrafu ku-Excel, lo msebenzi akufanele ubangele izinkinga ezinkulu.