Ungayakha kanjani iphuzu lekhefu-ngisho naku-Excel

Enye yezibalo eziyisisekelo zezomnotho nezezezimali zanoma yiliphi ibhizinisi ukuchaza iphuzu layo lekhefu. Le nkomba ikhombisa ukuthi, ngasiphi isithamo sokukhiqizwa, imisebenzi yenhlangano izobiza kakhulu futhi ngeke ihlupheke. Uhlelo lwe-Excel luhlinzeka abasebenzisi ngamathuluzi enza kakhulu kube lula ukuchaza le nkomba futhi abonise umphumela otholwe ngokugqamile. Ake sibheke ukuthi singazisebenzisa kanjani lapho uthola iphuzu - ngisho nephuzu lesibonelo esithile.

Asilingane

Umnyombo wephuzu lekhefu ukuze uthole inani levolumu yokukhiqiza, lapho usayizi wenzuzo (ukulahleka) kuzoba ngu-zero. Lokho wukuthi, ngokwanda kweminyakamo yokukhiqiza, inkampani izoqala ukukhombisa inzuzo yomsebenzi, kanye nokwehla - ukungaqiniseki.

Lapho ubala iphuzu lekhefu - kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi zonke izindleko zebhizinisi zingahlukaniswa kuze kube unomphela futhi ziguquguquke. Iqembu lokuqala alixhomekile kwivolumu yokukhiqiza futhi njalo. Lokhu kungafaka umthamo wamaholo kubasebenzi bezokuphatha, izindleko zezakhiwo eziqashile, ukwehla kwezimpahla ezihleliwe, njll. Kodwa izindleko eziguquguqukayo zincike ngqo kwivolumu yemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo. Lokhu, okokuqala, kufanele kufake izindleko zokutholwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kanye nabathwali bamandla, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwezindleko luthathwa ukukhombisa iyunithi yemikhiqizo eyenziwe.

Kungenxa yesilinganiso sezindleko ezihlala njalo neziguqukayo umqondo wekhefu - ngisho nephuzu elihlotshaniswa. Ngaphambi kokufinyelelwa kwenani elithile lokukhiqizwa, izindleko ezingapheli ziyinani elibalulekile kwizindleko eziphelele zemikhiqizo, kepha ngokwanda kwevolumu yezabelo zawo ziwela, okusho ukuthi izindleko zeyunithi ezikhiqizwayo ziyawa. Ezingeni lokuphumula-ngisho nephuzu, izindleko zokukhiqiza nemali engenayo ekuthengisweni kwezimpahla noma izinsizakalo ziyalingana. Ngokunyuka okwengeziwe kokukhiqizwa, inkampani iqala ukwenza inzuzo. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ivolumu yokukhiqiza lapho kutholakala khona ikhefu.

Ukubalwa kwephuzu lekhefu

Bala le nkomba usebenzisa amathuluzi wohlelo lwe-Excel, kanye nokwakha igrafu lapho uzokhuluma khona iphuzu lekhefu. Ukuze sifeze izibalo, sizosebenzisa itafula lapho kuboniswa khona imininingwane enjalo yebhizinisi:

• Izindleko njalo;
• Izindleko eziguqukayo ngeyunithi ngayinye yokukhiqiza;
• Ukuqaliswa kwamanani kwemikhiqizo.

Ngakho-ke, sizobala idatha ngokususelwa kumanani achazwe etafuleni esithombeni esingezansi.

1. Yakha itafula elisha elisuselwa etafuleni lomthombo. Ikholomu yokuqala yetafula elisha inani lezimpahla (noma amaqembu) ekhiqizwa yibhizinisi. Okungukuthi, inombolo yomugqa izokhombisa inani lezimpahla ezikhiqizwayo. Kwikholamu yesibili kukhona ubukhulu bezindleko ezingapheli. Kuzoba ngama-25,000 emigqeni yethu kuyo yonke imigqa. Kukholamu yesithathu - inani eliphelele lezindleko eziguquguqukayo. Leli nani lomugqa ngamunye lizolingana nenombolo yomkhiqizo wezimpahla, okungukuthi, okuqukethwe yiseli elihambisanayo lekholamu lokuqala, ama-ruble angama-2000.

   Kwikholomu yesine kunesilinganiso sezindleko. Kuyisamba samaseli womugqa ohambelana nekholamu yesibili neyesithathu. Kwikholomu yesihlanu kunemali ephelele. Kubalwa ngokuphindaphinda inani lentengo yeyunithi lezimpahla (4500 p.) Kwinani elihlanganisiwe, elikhonjiswe kumugqa ohambelana nekholamu lokuqala. Kwikholomu yesithupha kunenkomba yenzuzo yenzuzo. Kubalwa ngokususa imali engenayo (ikholomu 5) amanani wezindleko (ikholomu 4).

   Okungukuthi, kuleyo migqa ukuthi kumaseli athile wekholamu wokugcina kuzoba yinani elibi, ukulahleka kwamabhizinisi kuyabonakala, kulokho okuzoba yinkomba okuzoba ngu-0 - futhi iphuzu lekhefu lifinyelelwe, nakulawo lapho Kuzoba nethemba - inzuzo imakwe emisebenzini yenhlangano.

   Ukucacisa, gcwalisa imigqa engu-16. Ikholomu yokuqala kuzoba yinombolo yezimpahla (noma amaqembu) kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-16. Amakholomu alandelayo agcwaliswe yi-algorithm eyayibhalwe ngenhla.



2. Njengoba ubona, iphuzu lekhefu lifinyelelwa kumkhiqizo ongu-10. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho imali ephelele (ama-ruble angama-45,000) alingana nezindleko ezihlanganayo, futhi inzuzo ye-net iqala ukukhishwa kwezimpahla zeshumi nanye, inkampani ikhombisa imisebenzi enenzuzo. Ngakho-ke, kithi, iphuzu lekhefu - inkomba yenani elilinganiselwe lingamayunithi ayi-10, nakwimali - ama-ruble angama-45,000.

Ukwakha igrafu

Ngemuva kokuthi itafula lenziwe lapho ikhefu - ngisho nephuzu kubalwa, ungakha ishadi lapho leli phethini lizokhonjiswa ngokubona. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzofanele sakhe umdwebo onemigqa emibili ekhombisa izindleko nemali engenayo yebhizinisi. Lapho kuhlangana khona le migqa emibili futhi kuzoba nephuzu lekhefu. E-X axis yalo mdwebo, inani lezimpahla lizotholakala, nasemicu ye-axis y.

1. Iya kuthebhu ethi "Insert". Chofoza isithonjana se- "Spot", esibekwa ethepheni ku- "I-Toolbar yamathuluzi eshadi". Sinokukhethwa kwezinhlobo eziningi zamagrafu. Ukuxazulula inkinga yethu, uhlobo "olubonile ngama-curves abushelelezi kanye namamaki" afanelekile impela, ngakho-ke chofoza kule nto yohlu. Noma kunjalo, uma ufisa, ungasebenzisa ezinye izinhlobo zemidwebo.



2. Phambi kwethu kuvule indawo engenalutho yeshadi. Kufanele uyigcwalise ngedatha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza inkinobho yegundane efanelekile endaweni. Kumenyu eyenziwe yasebenza, khetha i- "Khetha Idatha ..." isikhundla.



3. Iwindi lokukhethwa komthombo wedatha selikathunyelwa. Engxenyeni yakhe yangakwesobunxele kukhona "izakhi zezinganekwane (amazinga)". Chofoza inkinobho ethi "Faka", okubekwe ebhlokini elishiwo.



4. Sinewindi elibizwa ngokuthi "ukuguqula umugqa". Kuyo, kufanele sichaze izixhumanisi zokubekwa kwedatha lapho kuzokwakhiwa khona elinye lamagrafu. Okokuqala, sizokwakha uhlelo lapho izindleko zizoboniswa khona. Ngakho-ke, enkombeni ye- "Row Name", ufaka u- "Izindleko Ezijwayelekile" ezivela kwikhibhodi.

   In the "value" field field, chaza izixhumanisi zedatha ezitholakala ku- "Inani lezimpahla" zempahla ". Ukuze wenze lokhu, setha isikhombisi kule nkambu, bese ngokukhiqiza isiqeshana senkinobho yegundane kwesobunxele, khetha ikholomu ehambisanayo yetafula eshidini. Njengoba sikwazi ukubona, ngemuva kwalezi zenzo, izixhumanisi zazo zizokhonjiswa efasiteleni lokushintsha umugqa.

   Ensimini elandelayo "V Amanani", bonisa ikheli "inani eliphelele" ikholomu, lapho imininingwane esidinga khona. Senza nge-algorithm engenhla: Sibeka isikhombisi enkundleni futhi siqokomise amaseli ekholomu esidingayo ngokuchofoza kwesobunxele kwegundane. Idatha izokhonjiswa endle.

   Ngemuva kokuthi okwenziwe ngokwemibhalo ebekiwe kwenziwa, chofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile", ibekwe engxenyeni engezansi yewindi.



5. Ngemuva kwalokho, ibuyela ngokuzenzakalelayo ewindini lokukhetha umthombo wedatha. Kudinga futhi ukuze uchofoze inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".



6. Njengoba ubona, ukulandela lokhu, kutholakala uhlelo lwezindleko zebhizinisi lebhizinisi eshidini.



7. Manje kufanele sakhe umugqa weholo jikelele yebhizinisi. Ngalezi zinhloso, ngenkinobho yegundane efanelekile endaweni yomdwebo, esevele iqukethe umugqa wezindleko eziphelele zenhlangano. Kumenyu yokuqukethwe, khetha "inkinobho ethi" Khetha Idatha ... "isikhundla.



8. Iwindi lokukhetha umthombo wedatha futhi ufuna ukuze uchofoze inkinobho ethi Faka futhi.



9. Iwindi elincane lokuguqula uchungechunge luvulwa. Emkhakheni we- "Row Name" kulokhu sibhala "Imali Ejwayelekile".

   Ensimini "yenani X", izixhumanisi zekholamu "inani lezimpahla" kufanele zenziwe. Senza lokhu ngendlela esicubungule ngayo lapho sakha umugqa wezindleko eziphelele.

   Ensimini ethi "V Values", khombisa ngqo izixhumanisi zekholomu "yemali engenayo".

   Ngemuva kokwenza lezi zenzo, sichofoza inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".



10. Iwindows South Soucce Selection ngokucindezela inkinobho ethi "Kulungile".



11. Ngemuva kwalokho, umugqa wemali engenayo jikelele uzovela endizeni eshidi. Kuyiphuzu lokuhlangana kwemigqa yemali ejwayelekile kanye nezindleko eziphelele kuzoba yindawo yekhefu.

Ngakho-ke, sithole izinhloso zokwenza lolu hlelo.

Isifundo: Ungayenza kanjani ishadi lokudingiswa

Njengoba ubona, ukuthola iphuzu lekhefu kususelwa ekunqumeni kwenani lemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo, lapho izindleko zizonke zizolingana nemali engenayo ejwayelekile. Lokhu kuboniswa kahle ekwakhiweni kwezindleko nemigqa yemali engenayo, futhi ekutholeni indawo yokuhlangana kwabo, okuzoba yindawo yekhefu. Ukuqhuba izibalo ezinjalo kuyisisekelo ekuhleleni nasekuhleleni imisebenzi yanoma yiliphi ibhizinisi.