Ungayifaka njani i-Arch Linux

Enye yezona zinto zisasazayo zisekwe kwi-Linux kernel ithathwa njenge-arch. Phakathi kwamanye amaqonga, yabelwe ngobunzima ukufakelwa nokucwangcisa, kodwa oku kutsala abasebenzisi abafuna ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nenqanaba lokusetyenziswa kweConsole. Ifakwe i-Arch Linux ifakwe ngokupheleleyo, iqala ekudaleni izahlulo zediski enzima kwaye iphele ngeeakhawunti ezintsha. Zonke iintshukumo zenziwa nge "terminal" ngokungenisa imiyalelo efanelekileyo.

Faka i-Arch Linux

Kwinkqubo-sikhokelo yeli nqaku, ndingathanda ukuqwalasela inkqubo yokufaka eli qonga ngokweenkcukacha, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubumbeko oluhle lwazo zonke izinto. Saphule yonke inkqubo emanyukeni ukuze abasebenzisi be-novice babelula ukuba bahambe. Ukufakelwa ngokwakho, uyakufuna i-flash drive nge-2 GB okanye idiski efanayo. Yonke enye into ilayishwa kwi-Intanethi okanye yongezwa ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha lokufakwa kwe-OS. Qaphela ukuba ukongeza zonke izinto ezifanelekileyo zenziwa ngoqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi.

Inyathelo 1: Khuphela umfanekiso

Iqonga eliphantsi koqwalaselo, njengokuba uninzi lwezinyeziso, likwindawo evulekileyo kwaye inokukhutshelwa kwindawo esemthethweni yabaphuhlisi. Sicebisa ukuba sisebenzise lo mthombo othile, njengoko uqinisekisiwe ukufumana umfanekiso osebenzayo ngaphandle kweempazamo kunye neefayile ezimbi ngaphakathi.

Khuphela usasazo oluvela kwindawo esemthethweni

1. Yiya kwikhonkco elingasentla kwaye ukhethe "Khuphela".



2. Ungasebenzisa nasiphi na isipili, kodwa siyakucebisa ukuba ukhethe ikhonkco le-bittorred.



3. Emva kokukhuphela, qhuba ifayile ngefayile ngawaphi na umthengi we-torrent kwaye ulindele ukugqibezela ukhuphelo lomfanekiso kwikhompyuter.

Ngoku kukho umfanekiso opheleleyo wenkqubo yokusebenza. Ihlala kuphela ukubhala kwidiski okanye i-flash drive, emva koko iya kuthi iqale ngokuthe ngqo kwinkqubo yokufakelwa.

Inyathelo 2: Ukudala imithombo yeendaba ebonakalayo

Ngoku iidrives ze-USB zithandwa kakhulu, kuba zilunge ngakumbi kwiidiski, kwaye isinxibelelanisi esifanelekileyo sikhona ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke iikhompyuter. Ke ngoko, masiyeke le ndlela. Kuya kufuneka uthathe ithuba lenkqubo ekhethekileyo eya kudala i-boot kwi-flash drive. Imiyalelo eneenkcukacha ngalo mxholo ikwinqaku elahlukileyo ngokweli khonkco lulandelayo.

Funda ngakumbi: Rekhoda umfanekiso we-OS kwi-USB Flash drive

Inyathelo 3: Ukucwangcisa i-bios ukuqala i-boosh drive

Njengoko uyazi, ukuqala kokufakwa kwenkqubo yokusebenza kwenziwa emva kokudibanisa ukuqhuba kwaye uqalise ikhompyuter. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukuba i-bios iqala ukhuphelo kwi-flash drive, hayi idiski enzima. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhutywa ngempumelelo kwalo msebenzi, kuya kufuneka usete ngesandla ngokusebenzisa useto lwe-bios. Ukujongana nale nkqubo kuya kunceda enye into.

FUNDA OKUNGAKUMBI: Ukuqulunqa i-bios ukubaleka kwi-flash drive

Inyathelo 4: Khuphela i-Fooble

Emva kokuphumeza inyathelo elidlulileyo, kuya kwanela ukufaka i-flash drive kwi-nxibelelanisi yasimahla kunye ne-PC ye-Rus. Emva kwethuba elithile, i-arch linux bootloader ivela kwiscreen. Inezinto ezininzi, umzekelo, ukuqalisa kwakhona okanye umbono wolwazi lwensimbi, kodwa ngoku unomdla kwi "Boot Arch Linux". Iintolo kwikhibhodi, khetha le nto kwaye ucofe iqhosha le-ENTER.

Zonke izinto ezisemgangathweni zemowudi ephilayo iqala. Oku kunokuthatha imizuzu embalwa, ngoko ke musa ukucima i-PC kwaye ungacinezeli naziphi na izitshixo kwikhibhodi. Emva kokukhuphela ngempumelelo, uya kuwela kwimodi ephilayo kunye neConsole, apho kwenziwa khona inkqubo yokufakelwa inkqubo.

Inyathelo lesi-5: I-Elf Disc Sportup

Ukumakishwa kwe-hard disk - owokuqala uya kudibana nomsebenzisi xa ufaka iqonga eliqwalaselwayo. Ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo, yonke indawo yediski kufuneka yahlulwe ibe yimiqulu enengqiqweni, nganye eya kuthi igcinwe ulwazi lwayo, i-parameter yogcino ikwabeka ngesandla. Ngokubanzi, inkqubo ilula, kufuneka wenze amaqela aliqela kwaye ujonge ukubhala kwabo ngocoselelo kwi-console.

1. I-Storup yogcino yenziwe kakuhle ngokusetyenziswa komgangatho, kwaye iqale kwi-terminal, kufuneka ufake i-CFDISK / DED / SDA.



2. Itheyibhile yokwahlulwa ikakhulu ikhethwe ikakhulu. Intsha ithathelwa ingqalelo i-GPT, ngoko kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ukuba awukwazi ukwenza isigqibo ngokuzimeleyo.



3. Iintolo kwikhibhodi ihamba phakathi kwezixhobo ezixhunyiweyo. Khetha i-facebop drive kwaye isebenze "into" entsha "ngokuya kuyo usebenzisa iintolo zasekhohlo nasekunene.



4. Okokuqala, le ndawo yahlulwe kwi-grub yomthwalo. Inika ukupapashwa ngokuchanekileyo kwenkqubo yokusebenza. Ihlala icetyiswa ukwaba icandelo elahlukileyo phantsi kwalo. Kufuneka umisele ivolumu yethamo kwaye ucofe ku-Enter. Umthwalo wanele i-200 MB.



5. Ukuba ukhethe itafile ye-GPT ye-GPT, hayi i-MBR, yongeza ukuba yenziwe isahlulelo esisengqiqweni sokugcina umfanekiso womgangatho. Khetha «Isimahla» kwaye "New" kwakhona.



6. Umfanekiso womthwalo kufanelekile ukwahlula-hlula i-megabytes e-1 yendawo yasimahla.



7. Ngoku cwangcisa eli candelo uhlobo oluthile ukuze ilayishwe kuyo xa ikhompyuter iqala. Ukwenza oku, khetha "/ dev / sda2" etafileni kwaye uye kwimenyu "yohlobo".



8. Lityeni iintolo zebhodi yezitshixo kwi-Bios Boot kwaye ucofe kuNcedo.



9. Ukongeza, icandelo leengcambu lenziweyo apho zonke iifayile zenkqubo ziya kubekwa khona. Kwakhona etafileni, yenza sele izenzo eziqhelekileyo, ebonisa ubungakanani be-20-30 GB.



10. Emva koko, yenza isahlulelo esiya kwenza indima yolawulo lwasekhaya. Thatha kuyo yonke indawo ekhoyo, ushiya i-Gigabytes embalwa kwifayile yetayitile (ivolumu ecetyiswayo yefayile yetayile kwi-ART ilingana nenani le-ram kwi-PC). Ekugqibeleni, emva kolawulo lwasekhaya, yenza ifayile yetayitile, kwaye ekugqibeleni kufuneka ube namacandelo amahlanu. Xa inkqubo igqityiwe, gcina utshintsho ngokukhetha "ukubhala" ukhetho ".



11. Qinisekisa ukungena ngokubhala kumgca we "ewe".



12. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ungaphuma kumhleli wamacandelo ngokunqakraza "ukuyeka"

Emva kokugqitywa kweli nyathelo, i-hard disk iya kwahlulwa ibe linani elifunekayo lamacandelo. Umsebenzisi uya kuhlala eqwalaselwe kuphela ngokumisela inkqubo yefayile kunye nezinto eziphambili ngokubaluleka, emva koko yonke into izakulungela ukufaka.

Inyathelo 6: Ukufomatha kunye nokuphakamisa indawo yokugcina

Ngoku onke amacandelo ayinto yeefayile ezithile kunye neefomathi kufuneka zenziwe ukuba azifake. Ngenxa yokuba zonke iivolumu zenziwe ngesandla, ukufomatha kunye neMvisi kuya kwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo.

1. Icandelo leLawulisi lingcono ukumisela ifomathi ye-FS "Ext2" ukuqinisekisa owona msebenzi mhle. Ke ngoko, kwi-console, yenza i-MKFS -t i-ext2 -l boot / i-dev / sda1, apho / i-DEDA1 ligama lesahlulelo sokuqala esidala.



2. Icandelo lesibini lomfanekiso wokuqala akufuneki lutelwe, ngoko siphendukela kulawulo lwenkqubo ephambili kwaye siyimisele "kwifomathi ye-ATTS e-MKFS -t i-MKFS -t i-etter / i-DEA3.



3. Ngqo isenzo esifanayo kufuneka sizenze ngolawulo lwekhaya, ukufumana intetho intetho ye-MKFS -t i-ert4l -l ikhaya / i-DED / SDA4.



4. Ifayile yetayitile nayo ayifomathiwe, ngoko nangoko iyonake i-ITAPE / DED / SDA5.



5. Ukudibanisa okwenzayo kwenziwa ngesandla, kuphela emva koko kuya kufaneleka umsebenzi. Kuya kufuneka uqale nge-catalogue yekhathalogu Sudom / i-dev / sda3 / mnt.



6. Okulandelayo, yenza iifolda ezahlukileyo ze-bootloader kunye ne-sudom mkdir / mnt / {boot, ikhaya}.



7. Ihlala ihombisa kuphela izizwe ezisele zisebenze ngokulandelelana

Onke amacandelo alungiselelwe ngempumelelo ukufumana ufakelo kwi-Arch. Ukuba yonke into ihambile ngaphandle kweempazamo, zive ukhululekile ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo.

Inyathelo 7: Ukufakwa kwenkqubo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, uqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi olusebenzayo luya kufuna ukufakelwa okupheleleyo lwe-Arch, kuba izinto ezongeziweyo zilayishwe kwisitoreji eseburhulumenteni. Ukuba unxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo lusetelwe ngokukhawuleza, emva koko i-wi-fi kufuneka uyiguqule imiyalelo enjalo:

I-WiFi-Imenyu.

Ls / njl / netl

Iprofayile yokuqalisa i-Nettl

Ngokuchaza unxibelelwano, ungaya kuFakelo, kodwa kuqala sicebisa ukukhetha esona sibuko ilungileyo ukuze inkqubo ye-boot idlula ngokukhawuleza:

1. Sebenzisa ifayile enezibuko nge-vim /etc/pacman.d/mirlerlist.



2. Khuphela enye yezibuko ngokucinezela kabini iqhosha le-Y, emva koko uyidlulisele uluhlu ngokufaka isitshixo se-P. Ukuphuma kwifayile kwenziwa ngokucinezela uShift +: kunye negalelo le-WQ.



3. Sebenzisa inkqubo yokufakelwa kwephakheji ngokufaka i-pacstrap / i-MNT base base-Devel.



4. Lindela ukugqitywa kokufakwa. Ngeli xesha lo msebenzi, musa ukuqalisa ikhompyuter kwaye ungacotsi naziphi na izitshixo kwikhibhodi.

Ukongeza iipakethi kuya kugqitywa xa umqolo omtsha wegalelo uvela kwi-console. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungaqala useto lwenkqubo yokuqala.

Inyathelo 8: Seta emva kofakelo

Kubalulekile ukuba kungekuphela nje ukongeza zonke izinto eziyimfuneko, kodwa nokucwangcisa iiparamitha eziphambili ukuze unxibelelwano kunye ne-OS lukhululekile. Nika ingqalelo kwezi zenzo zilandelayo, zenzelwe nje ubumbeko olufanelekileyo:

1. Ifayile yoqwalaselo kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezibekwe kwifayile iphambi kwefolda yenkqubo. Ayizukugcina ulwazi oluluncedo, kodwa ikwachaza uhlobo lwediski yediski kwi-OS. Ukwenza icandelo, sebenzisa iGentesncib -u / mnt >> / i-MNT / NtSTY.



2. Umthwalo awukakulungeli okwangoku, ngenxa yoko akunakwenzeka ukuba uqalise kwakhona. Ukwenza ubumbeko oluqhubekayo, ngena kwi-Arch-Chroot / Mnt.



3. Seta ixesha le-Sudo Timedectl Set-Timezone Yurope / Kiev, apho iYurophu / kiev yingingqi oyifunayo. Sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo wokusebenzisa i-Sudo Timedatectl iseti-TPP 1 ukuseta umgaqo wexesha lenethiwekhi.



4. Ngaphambili, sele udibene nomsebenzi kuMhleli we-VIM ngaphambi kokufaka i-Arch Linux, kodwa ngoku eli candelo libalulekileyo lilahlekile kule nkqubo ngokwayo. Ungayifaka nguPacman -s vim okanye i-pacman -sy vim yomyalelo.



5. Qinisekisa ukongezwa kweephakheji ngokukhetha ukhetho olufanelekileyo xa kuvela umbuzo.



6. Emva koko, ukusebenza kwekhowudi enokusebenza kuyo i-OS. Kuyimfuneko ukuboniswa ngokuchanekileyo kweempawu ezahlukeneyo ze-cyrillic kunye ne-latin. Sebenzisa ifayile efanelekileyo yoqwalaselo: Vim /etc/locale.gen.



7. Susa umqondiso # ngemigca efanelekileyo, umzekelo, nge-en_us.utf-8 kunye ru_utf-8. Gcina utshintsho kwaye uphume umhleli.



8. Iya kufuneka ukuhlaziya ubumbeko olugqityiweyo ngokufaka i-locale-Gen.



9. Ngoku tshintshela uLwimi lweNkqubo yokuSebenza kwiRussia ukulungiselela ulawulo oluthe kratya: I-Echo "Lang = ru_ru.utf-8"> /ecc.Cocale.comf.



10. Misela igama lekhompyuter oyifunayo xa unxibelelana nayo. Sebenzisa i-Echo "PC-PC"> / njl.njnje.



11. Ihlala kuphela ukuqinisekisa umsebenzisi ngokudibanisa kwifayile yoqwalaselo. Qala kuqala nge-vim / njly / mihlambi.



12. Ngenisa umtya we-127.0.0.1 I-PC-PC.Lobaldome -calmoniain yomsebenzisi-PC, urekhode kwaye uvale umhleli.



13. Ezinye iiprosesa zifuna umfanekiso wokukhutshelwa kwangoko kwesiqalo esichanekileyo se-OS. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba iyafuneka, faka umfanekiso nge-MkinitCpio -p Linux.



14. Cwangcisa iphasiwedi yokufikelela kwingcambu yokuhamba nge-passwd.



15. Ihlala kuphela ukufaka i-boobloader ye-grub kwaye uqwalasele i-Intanethi. Ifakwe ngendlela esemgangathweni - i-pacman -s grib.



16. Emva kokugqitywa, ukufaka / i-DEP / i-DED / SDA / i-SDA / i-SDA / i-DED / SDA / ye-DED / SDA / ye-SDA / i-SDA / ye-SDA / ye-SDA / ye-SDA / ye-SDA-MKCOOT -GRE / ig



17. Ukuseta inethiwekhi ye-Intanethi kuqhutywa ngaphambi kokuphinda wenze inkqubo. Nika ingqalelo le miyalelo ilandelayo kwaye ubalandele ngokulandelelana:

    I-LS / Sys / iklasi / i-NET / (Inkcazo yenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi).

    I-CP / Nt. njl / NJENTL / NJANI. Njlgy-DHCP / NJINYE

    Vim / njl / netct / ethernet-DHCP yefayile yoqwalaselo ngomhleli wombhalo).



18. Kwifayile yoqwalaselo, tshintsha ixabiso le-interquis kule uyifundileyo ngaphambili ngomyalelo we-LS.



19. Yenza iprofayile ekhethiweyo ekhethiweyo: i-nettl yenza ukuba i-Ethernet-DHCP.



20. Phuma kwindawo yokuphuma, emva koko unciphise zonke iinkqubo zefayile nge-I-UMOunt -R / Mnt kunye nokuqalisa kwakhona i-GAG Linux ngokuqala kokuprinta.

Ngale nkqubo, ukumiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwenkqubo yokusebenza kugqityiwe. Ihlala kuphela ukuba ilinde ukuqalisa kwaye ungaqhubeka nomsebenzi.

Inyathelo 9: Sebenzisa i-Arch Linux

Ngokwesiqhelo, i-Arch Linux inomdla kwabo basebenzisi sele benamava angaphambili nangezinye iindibano ezilula kule ngxaki. Nangona kunjalo, oku akusicikisi inyani yokuba abasebenzisi be-novice bafika kweli qonga. Kufuneka balungiselelwe ukuba uninzi lwezenzo kunye noseto lwenziwa nge-console esemgangathweni. Unokuqhelanisa nokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi esisiseko kumanqaku ethu kula makhonkco alandelayo.

Bona kwakho:

Ukufomatha i-flash drive kwi-linux

Ukufaka i-Adobe Flash Player kwiLinux

Ukungafaki i-Tot yeTar.gz yefomati kwi-Linux

Ukufaka abaqhubi kwiKhadi leVividia kwi-Linux

Ukongeza, namhlanje ujamelene namaqela amaninzi athandwayo kuya kufuneka asebenzise rhoqo kwi-terminal. Sicebisa ukuba bahlolisise inyameko nganye yabo kwaye sizame ukukhumbula ukusetyenziswa, i-syntax kunye nokuchaneka kwegalelo. Oku kuyanceda kwakhona izixhobo.

Bona kwakho:

Imiyalelo esetyenziswa rhoqo kwi "terminal" linux

Ln / fumana / ls / grep kwi-linux

Kule, inqaku lethu ligqityiwe. Sinethemba lokuba uyazazisa ngokulula lonke inkqubo yokufakelwa kwaye akukho bunzima akonyuswe xa kusenziwa. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya ngomsebenzi kweli qonga, jonga kumaxwebhu asemthethweni aphuhliswe ngabadabi benkqubo.

IINGXELO ZOKHUSELEKILEYO