Qalisa i Linux evela console

Abanini of yezinikezelo ezahlukeneyo Linux izikhathi imfuneko iqale inkqubo yokusebenza, yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe emva kokwenza naluphi na utshintsho kwi parameters okanye xa kuvela iingxaki. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi lwenziwa nge kujongano lomzobo, kodwa olu khetho alusoloko lusebenza kakuhle. Yiloo nto abantu abaninzi babhenela kokugunyaziswa imiyalelo terminal, athi abenoxanduva lokondla uphawu phansi. Namhlanje sifuna ukuba bakuxelele ngazo zonke iindlela ezikhoyo kwakhona Linux ngalo console ngomzekelo ka-Ubuntu.

Qalisa i Linux ngokusebenzisa console

Njengoko sele ukwazi, imiyalelo namhlanje ziya kusekelwa Ubuntu, nangona kunjalo, abanini ezinye izinikezelo kuya kuba luncedo, ekubeni umahluko ziphantse ze sebenzisa. Ukuba ubona ngesiquphe umyalezo wemposiso xa uzama ukungenisa umyalelo abathile, kule nkcukacha zilandelayo imigca izaku boniswa kutheni na kugqitywa lombuzo hayi. Sebenzisa ulwazi efunyenweyo ukufumana enye indlela, umzekelo, embhalweni esemthethweni. Siya ingqalelo kuzo zonke iindlela, kwaye kukho Kwanele kubo.

Indlela 1: Qalisa i Team

Kwi iqela Qalisa, nkqu abasebenzisi abaninzi mfundi kwe Linux operating systems mazwi. All of umongo wayo nje ukuthumela intlanganiso yangoku ukuwuvala, kwaye iingxoxo ezongezelelekileyo azichazwanga kwibhili yeempahla ezizisiweyo.

1. Vula imenyu yesicelo kwaye ubaleke kwi "terminal" ukusuka apho. Ukuze wenze oku, ungasebenzisa enye indlela elula, umzekelo, umgangatho njengesitshixo esishushu Ctrl + Alt + T.



2. Intshukumo ukuqala ngalo Ukuqalisa lichazwa egameni kumsebenzisi ophezulu, ngoko ibukeka kumgca igalelo efana nale: sudo kwakhona.



3. Ngoko ke, kuya kufuneka uqinisekise i akhawunti ngokubhala igama kulo. Thatha ingqalelo ukuba abalinganiswa lokugqitha wangena kule console zange ziboniswa.

Ikhompyutha ngokukhawuleza ukugqibezela umsebenzi wayo, yaye emva kwemizuzwana embalwa iseshoni entsha iya kuqalisa kwimo yesiqhelo. Kuyo ziza kugqitywa ngokuzenzekela vula virtual console nge kwiqokobhe graphic, enoba usebenzise enye terminal phambi koko.

Indlela 2: & Vala Iqela

Maxa wambi umsebenzisi kufuneka iqale PC ngokusebenzisa ixesha elithile, umzekelo, kwimizuzu embalwa. Umyalelo Ukuqalisa asihambelani kakuhle iinjongo ezinjalo, ukuze sinikele ukusebenzisa ezinye ngohlobo Cima.

1. Baleka i "yesiphelo" kwaye ucacise woValo sudo -R +1, apho +1 lixesha apho umyalelo aya sinokubanamandla. Kulo mzekelo, oku ngomzuzu omnye. Khankanya 0 okanye NGOKU ukuba ufuna ukwenza udweliso lwenkqubo lwe umdla ngoko nangoko.



2. I Sukwenza umyalelo ukuvalwa kwakhona ixhomekeke kumsebenzisi ophezulu, ngoko kuya kuthatha lokugqitha ukuze isebenze.



3. Ulwazi ibonisa kumgca omtsha ukuba lo msebenzi wadalwa kangangexesha elithile. Ukuba ufuna ukurhoxisa kuyo, sebenzisa umyalelo ukusuka kumgca efanayo.

Indlela 3: script init

Ezinye izinikezelo inkxaso script init, apho unokufunda ngazo ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi amaxwebhu abo esemthethweni. Kuya kubhalwa malunga izicwangciso ezisisiseko ezihambelana nezi zeempendulo. Ngoku ke iya kusizobela zonke ezi zihlandlo, njengoko musa abonela sikhokelo kwalo mbandela. We ndixelele kuphela oko init anako parameters ezintandathu, apho 0 na ukuba ucime ikhompyutha, yaye 6 a rebootboot kweseshoni. Yeyona parameter yokugqibela eza kusebenza ngayo ngoku. Ukuyenza, i console kuya kufuneka ukuba ufake sudo init 6. Njengoko sele eziqondwa Sudo console, esi senzo nayo yenziwa kuphela ingcambu.

Indlela 4: D-BUS ngenkonzo yonxibelelwano inkqubo

Njengokuba mhlawumbi waqaphela, zontathu ezi ndlela ngentla software efunekayo ubukho password kumsebenzisi ophezulu, kodwa hayi bonke abasebenzisi kuba ithuba lokuthetha nayo. Ngakumbi iinjongo ezinjalo, sinikezela ukusebenzisa imiyalezo inkqubo D-BUS. Olu Linux eluncedo umlinganiselo evumela iinkqubo ukuba basebenzisane kunye namanye, kunye elide nentsonkothileyo umthetho ethumela inkqubo qala, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: / usr / bin / dbus-uthumele --system --print-ukuphendula --dest = "org.freedesktop. Consolekit" / org / Freedesktop / Consolekit / Umphathi Org.Freedesktop.consolekit.Manager.Restart. Emva igalelo layo kunye nokuvuselela, ngoko nangoko kugqitywa intlanganiso yangoku.

Indlela 5: Hot keys SYSRQ

Olu hlobo kuphela ngqo enxulumene console, ekubeni ilungiswe ngawo, kwaye kwakhona ngakumbi lwenziwa nge hotkey. Nakuba kunjalo, siye sagqiba kwelokuba sizidibanise kolu luhlu ngenxa unusualities kunye neempawu lokusetyenziswa. Hot keys SYSRQ kuya kuba luncedo kuloo kwiimeko apho iqokobhe graphic nje akaphenduli.

1. Balekani indlela yesiphelo kwaye ufake Echo kukho 1> / ngesiBheng / sys / kernel / SYSRQ.



2. Landela yoqwalaselo lwefayile ngokusebenzisa umhleli wokubhaliweyo elula, umzekelo, Sudo Nano /etc/sysctl.conf.



3. Le fayili ikule kwinkqubo candelo, ngoko ukusebenza angafaneka kuya kufuneka ukuba uvule.



4. Baleka phantsi ifayile kwaye ufake umtya kernel.sysrq apho.



5. Ukugcina izakhelo ze olusondeleyo umhleli wokubhaliweyo.



6. Emva koko, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ukubacinezela Alt + sysrq + ikhowudi iqhosha. Siza kuthetha banzi ngakumbi.

Le ukuqalelisa echanekileyo ikhutshwa phandle kokucacisa ulandelelwano oluthile codes eziphambili. Ngamnye kubo ifomu kulandelayo:

• R - ukubuyela kolawulo keyboard, ukuba umsebenzi lowo ezingalindelekanga igqityiwe.
• E - ukuthumela yonke uphawu iinkqubo SIGTERM, leyo ukuzaliswa kwazo.
• I - wenza okufanayo, kodwa kuphela uphawu lwe SIGKILL. Kufuneka kwiimeko apho sele lugqityiwe ezinye iinkqubo hayi emva SIGTERM.
• S - onoxanduva ukuvumelanisa iinkqubo fayile. Ngexesha lo msebenzi, lonke ulwazi uya kusindiswa kwi hard disk.
• U - Unmounts i FS kunye yeendonga zokungqinga kwakhona kwindlela yokufunda-kuphela.
• B - Run inkqubo Iqalisa ikhompyutha, ngoyaba zonke izilumkiso.

Kufuneka kuphela cinezela zonke indibanisela kweli xesha ukwenzela ukuba ukufakelwa ichanekile.

Indlela 6: Qalisa Remote

Abanye abasebenzisi basebenzise ngenkuthalo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukulawula kude iidesktop. Kudla kukho imiyalelo ezifanelekileyo ezinjalo izisombululo ezikuvumela ukuba uthumele ikhompyutha ukuze uqale. Umzekelo, imali ingqalelo ssh ilandelayo: ssh [email protected] / sbin / rebootboot. Kungoko kulo mgaqo ukuba ukuqalisa le PC ekude ezikhethiweyo kule seva kwenzeka. Ukuba usebenzisa ezinye ulawulo, funda amaxwebhu esemthethweni ukufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko.

Indlela 7: Qalisa Kwimo Recovery

Njengoko le ndlela yokugqibela, sifuna ukuxelela indlela PC leyo phansi Kwimo sokuBuyisa iXesha ekuPhulukenwe nalo, kuba abasebenzisi abaninzi balahlekile kule menu kwaye nje ucime ikhompyutha ngokusebenzisa iqhosha, kwaye ke iqale kwakhona. Kwimeko xa ukhanyise ku mode alulame, unako ubaleke i console kwaye usebenzise nayiphi na kwezi ndlela:

1. Xa menu ekuphulukenwe nalo, ukuba nomdla kwi "Qhubeka Download Eqhelekileyo" okanye "Yiya Suspector Command Interpreter". Kwimeko yokuqala, ukuqala OS iqala nje, kwaye into yesibini iya ukuqalisa console kwi ingcambu.



2. Ukuba silubaleke terminal, ngoko ukuqinisekisa lo msebenzi ngokucofa i ENTER iqhosha.



3. Emva koko, uhlala kwi-command efanelekileyo, umzekelo, qalisa ukuthumela ukuthumela iPC ukuqala kwakhona.

Njengoko ubona, kukho inani elikhulu leendlela ezikuvumela ukuba uqale ngokukhawuleza inkqubo yeLinux ngeConsole. Kuhleli kuphela ukuqonda yeyiphi zeenketho kufuneka zisetyenziswe kwimeko ethile ukuhlangabezana iimeko ezifuna ukuqala ngokutsha kwe OS.