Error "IFConfig: kooxda lagama helin" in Debian 9

Amarka ifconfig waxaa loo isticmaalaa in nidaamyada hawlgalka Linux si astaysto macluumaad network ama aragtida waxa ku saabsan. In ka Debian 9 qaybinta, iyada oo sidoo kale ka hor inta uusan ka qeyb galay, laakiin markii dambe waxaa la go'aamiyay in lagu badalo qalab this leh, korontada oo kale oo ka haboon habka this. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haatan wax aad ka horjoogsadaa amarka this soo laabtay nidaamka iyo sii wadaan in ay u isticmaalaan, waxa kaliya ee aad u baahan tahay si ay u fuliyaan nidaamka rakibo caadiga ah ee ka kooban this.

Waxaan hagaajin "ifconfig: Kooxda la helin" qaladka

Haddii marka aad isku daydo in aad dhaqaajiso amarkii ee "Terminal" aad la kulmi ah baadi "ifconfig: Amarka la helin", ka dibna software ah in mas'uul ka yahay amarka this ka maqan nidaamka. Maanta waxaan jeclaan lahaa in ay u muujiyaan ma aha oo kaliya habka ay u saxo dhibaatada, laakiin sidoo kale in aad u sheegto oo ku saabsan version a newer kale oo beddelaya IFConfig. Bal aan ka bilowno parsing ah jidka ugu horeysay ee tallaabo-tallaabo.

Habka 1: Ku darista utility IFConfig ah

Kuwa isticmaala kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo si ay u galaan in amarka, habkan u muuqdaan doono fiicnayn. qalab ifconfig ayaa waxaa lama baabbi'in at dhan, waa fudud maqan set caadiga ah codsiyada nidaamka, iyo aad ku dari kartaa adigoo raacaya tilmaamaha soo socda:

1. First, waxaan ku talinaynaa in la hubiyo in ifconfig aan la heli karin. Orod terminal ka classic doorasho kasta ku haboon.



2. Gudbi xuquuqda superuser joogto ah by qoraal SU -.



3. Sheeg password ka helaan xididka iyo filan muuqaalka kore ee isku xigta talooyin cusub.



4. Halkan si fudud ifconfig galaan oo riix furaha gala.



5. Haddii ay jiraan weli waa gaadhsiin ah maqnaanshaha amray in nidaamka, dhigay set ka mid ah qaybaha NET-Tools by galaya Apt rakib Net-Tools.



6. Filo dheer ee ku daray oo dhisiddii maktabadaha cusub.



7. Marka la dhameeyo of rakibo, mar kale ifconfig qabtaan si loo xaqiijiyo guusha howlgalka.



8. Baro macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan xeerarka utility loo isticmaalo caawin doonaa iFconfig --help string.

Hadda waxaad aqoon habka ay u soo laabtay utility hore Heerka in nidaamka qalliinka Debian 9. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa waxgarasho u qalantaa in qalab dheeraad ah oo ku haboon u yimid inuu u bedelo, taas oo ka dhigaysa macno inuu la macaamilo iyo ka tago caadooyinkii hore.

Habka 2: Isticmaalka Kooxda IP

Waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah sababaha oo amarka iFconfig ayaa lagu bedelay IP sida qaabeynta OS caadiga ah on yaruna Linux ah. First, ma aysan u ogolaan in Customize nidaamka xakamaynta taraafikada, si qaldan shaqeeyay qalabka qaar ka mid ah, ma muujiyaan cinwaanka hardware iyo uma ay oggolaan in ay curiyaan qalabka network Tun / tuubada. All qaladaad ka mid ah ayaa saxo iyo in la hagaajiyo, laakiin mar hore galay shaqeynayaan IP. Tusaale ahaan, waxaad ka arki kartaa macluumaad aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan interface ah by galaya IP ah.

Soo saarista ee Terminal ka dib markii kaakicin amarka kor u dhigma doonaa mid ka mid ah in la soo bandhigi lahaa in ifconfig, laakiin qaar ka mid ah xog dheeraad ah. Macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan hab maamuuska IPv4 waa la helay via IP -4 A, iyo IPv6 - IP -6 A. Weli waxaa jirta fursad ay si aad u hesho xogta ku saabsan interface gaar ah, waayo, taasu soo bandhigay IP A tusi WLAN0, iyo liiska interfaces shaqeeya waxaa soo bandhigay ka dib markii IP Link LIS UP.

Mid ka mid ah hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ee ah marka ay sameeysanayaan network ayaa had iyo jeer loo arkaa habraaca loo xilsaarayo ah cinwaanka degaanka gaar ah si interface gaar ah. Marka la isticmaalayo utility hore, line talooyin wax fiiriyey sidan oo kale: ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.101, laakiin in version cusub, user ay u baahan doonaan in ay galaan IP A dar 192.168.1.101/255.255.255.0 Dev Eth0, la hubi in aad tilmaantay ah maaskaro subnet. Pay in ay hoos u suurto gal ah in IP A dareenka dar 192.168.1.101/24 Dev Eth0.

Haddii baahida loo qabo shaqo interface cinwaanka IP ah la waayay, silsilad oo kale waxaa si fudud u tirtiray. Just u baahan tahay in la qeexo IP A DEL 192.168.1.101/24 Eth0, iyo haddii ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la nadiifiyo liiska oo dhan xidhnaanta, waxaa wanaagsan in la isticmaalo IP -S -S-A F in 192.168.1.0/24 isla markiiba.

Amarka IP ayaa sidoo kale go'aaminaya maamulka loox roonaadeen. Shaxda roonaadeen waxaa la odhan jiray liiska Waddooyinkiisa network in loogu talagalay in lagu go'aamiyo wadada ugu fiican ee gudbinta baakadda shabakadda. Waxaad barato karaan dhammaan miisaska la heli karo.

Xaaladaha halkaas oo aad u baahan tahay in gaadiidka gacanta la isugeeyey, waxaa wanaagsan in la isticmaalo amarka IP ah dood qaarkood. Markaas xarig ah waxay heli doontaa muuqaalka, tusaale ahaan IP Route dar 192.168.5.0/22 ​​Dev ETH0. wadada lagu rakibay waxaa sidoo kale si fudud looga saari via IP Route Del 192.168.5.0/24 Dev Eth0.

Thanks to ah laba siyaabood kor ku xusan, aad haatan ogaado sida aad uma soo celin karaa oo keliya shaqo oo amarkiisa ka IFConfig ee nidaamka qalliinka Debian 9, laakiin sidoo kale waxa kale oo hufan si utility this huriye yahay. Isticmaal qalab cusub ama soo laabtay jir ah - si ay u xalliyaan aad kaliya.