Nharaunda inosiyana-siyana muLinux

Iyo nharaunda yakasarudzika pane Linux Kernel Operation Inoshanda Systems inonzi iyo inosiyana iyo ine zvinyorwa zvine ruzivo zvinoshandiswa nezvimwe zvirongwa panguva yekuvhura. Kazhinji, vanosanganisira general system paramende ezvese mifananidzo uye raira mahedheni, data pane mashandiro emushandisi, nzvimbo yemamwe mafaera uye zvimwe zvakawanda. Tsika dzezvikamu zvakadaro zvinoratidzwa, semuenzaniso, nhamba, zviratidzo, nzira dzekuzvimiririra kana mafaera. Kutenda kune izvi, akawanda mashandisirwo anokurumidza kuwana kune chaiyo mamiriro, pamwe nekugona kuchinja kana kugadzira sarudzo nyowani dzemushandisi.

Kushanda nenzvimbo dzakasarudzika muLinux

Sechikamu chechinyorwa chino, tinoda kukanganisa ruzivo rwechokwadi uye runonyanya kubatsira, runoenderana nemamiriro ekunze. Uye zvakare, ticharatidza nzira dzekuvatarisisa, shanduko, gadzira uye kudzima. Kuziva nezvesarudzo huru kuchabatsira vashandisi veLavice kuti vafambe mune manejimendi maneja ekushandisa uye kubata nekukosha kwavo muSOS kugovera. Pamberi pekutanga kwekuongorora kweiyo yakakosha paramita, ndinoda kuudza nezve kugovana mumakirasi. Boka rakadaro rinotsanangurwa seinotevera:

1. System inosiyana. Idzi sarudzo dzakatakurirwa pakarepo pakutanga kwesiti yekushandisa, yakachengetwa mune mamwe mafaera ekugadzirisa (ichave iri pamusoro pavo pazasi), pamwe nevashandisi vese uye iyo os zvese zvese. Kazhinji ma paramita anoonekwa zvakanyanya kukosha uye anowanzo shandiswa panguva yekutanga kweiyo dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa.
2. Tsika dzakasiyana. Mushandisi wega wega ane dhairekitori rekumusha painochengeterwa zvinhu zvese zvinochengeterwa zvinhu, zvishandiso zvadzo zvishandiso zvekugadzirisa mafaera zvinosanganisira. Kubva pazita ravo ratove pachena kuti dzinoshandiswa pasi pemushandisi panguva kana yakatenderwa kuburikidza neye "terminal". Vanoita kana vachiita kure.
3. Zvemunharaunda zviri zviviri. Kune maratidziro anoshandiswa chete mukati mechikamu chimwe chete. Kana zvapera, ivo vachabviswa zvachose uye zvese zvichafanira kugadzirwa mumunhu kuti vatangezve. Ivo havana kuponeswa mumafaira ega ega, uye vakasikwa, vakarongedzwa uye vakabviswa vachishandisa mvumo yakakodzera yemanyoreti.

Mafaera ekugadzirisa ezvetsika uye system systems

Sezvaunotoziva kubva kurondedzero iri pamusoro, maviri emakirasi matatu emakirasi eLinux anochengeterwa mufaira akapatsanurwa ipo general gadziriso uye mamwe ma paramita anounganidzwa. Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chakadai chakaremerwa chete pasi pemamiriro akakodzera uye anoshandiswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Zvakasiyana, ndinoda kugovera zvinhu zvakadaro:

• / Etc / mbiri ndeimwe yeiyo mafaera ehurongwa. Inowanikwa kune vese vashandisi uye iyo yese system, kunyangwe neinonhuwira kure. Izvo chete zvinorambidzwa nazvo - paramita hadzigamuchirwi paunovhura iyo standard "terminal", iri, munzvimbo ino, hapana tsika kubva kugadziriro iyi ichashanda.
• / Etc / nharaunda - yakawedzera ingalogue yeiyo yapfuura yekugadziriswa. Izvo zvinoshanda kuSystem Level, ine sarudzo dzakafanana sefaira rapfuura, asi ikozvino pasina kurambidzwa kunyangwe nekubatana kure.
• /Etc/bash.basrc - iyo faira chete yekushandisa kwenzvimbo, panguva iri kure kana kubatana kuburikidza neInternet Icho hachishande. Kuitirwa mushandisi wega wega zvakasiyana kana uchigadzira iyo itsva terminal chikamu.
• .BashRcs kune chaiyo mushandisi, inochengeterwa mumugove wayo wekumba uye unomhanya nguva dzese iyo terminal itsva.
• .Bash_profile yakafanana ne .Bashrc, chete yekudyidzana kure, semuenzaniso, kana uchishandisa ssh.

Rondedzero yeiyo Basic system uye tsika mamiriro ekunze akasiyana

Kutenda kumirairo iri pamusoro, ikozvino unoziva nzira yekukurumidza kuona zvese zvazvino paramita uye zvavanokoshesa. Iyo inoramba ichingori kubata neiyo huru. Teerera kune zvakadai zvinhu:

• De. Izere zita - Desktop zvakasikwa. Ine zita renzvimbo iripo yemamiriro eDesktop. Mune masisitimu ekushanda, masisitimu akasiyana-siyana emirimo anoshandiswa pane iyo Linux Kernel, saka maficha akakosha kuti anzwisise zvava kuita basa. Izvi zvinobatsira kusiana de. Muenzaniso wetsika dzayo - gnome, mint, kde, zvichingodaro.
• Nzira - Inotsanangura runyorwa rwemachira umo iyo kutsvaga kwemafaira akasiyana siyana anoitwa. Semuenzaniso, pasi pechiitiko cheimwe yemirairo yekutsvaga uye kuwana zvinhu, vanoreva izvi maforodha ekukurumidza kutsvaga uye kutumira mafaera anoitwa neyekupedzisira nharo.
• Shell - inochengeta sarudzo yeiyo Active Command Shell. Mabhonzo akadaro anotendera mushandisi wekuzvimiririra anopa mamwe magwaro uye anomhanyisa maitiro akasiyana uchishandisa syntaxes. Bhash inoonekwa seganda rinozivikanwa kwazvo. Rondedzero yemamwe mirayiridzo yakajairika yekujaira inogona kuwanikwa mune imwe nyaya pane inotevera link.

Zvakadaro zvisingawanikwe chero paramende emunharaunda mune huwandu husina muganho, zvakakosha kuyeuka chete nezvezvinhu zvakakosha zvezviito zvavo.

Kuwedzera uye kudzima tsika dzakasiyana

Takachinjira kumakirasi emakirasi anochengeterwa mumafaira ekugadzira, uye kubva kune izvi zvinoratidzira chokwadi chekuti iwe unofanirwa kugadzirisa mafaera ivo pachavo. Izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa chero standard mavara ezvinyorwa.

1. Vhura iyo mushandisi gadziriso kuburikidza neSudo Gedit .Bashrc. Isu tinofunga kushandisa iyo graphical meditor ine syntax dhizaini, semuenzaniso, Gedit. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kudoma chero imwe, semuenzaniso, vi kana nano.



2. Usakanganwa kuti kana uchitanga iwo murairo uchimiririra iyo Superuser, iwe uchazoda kupinda password.



3. Pakupera kwefaira, wedzera iyo kunze kwekunze var = kukosha tambo. Nhamba yemaratidziro yakadaro haina kungogumira pane chero chinhu. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kushandura kukosha kweiyo kusiana kwatovepo.



4. Mushure mekuchinja, vape zvakare uye vhara iyo faira.



5. Iyo yekugadzirisa iyo yekugadzirisa ichaitika mushure mekunge faira ratanga, uye zvinoitwa kuburikidza neSurware .Bashrc.



6. Iwe unogona kutarisa chiitiko cheiyo inoshanduka kuburikidza neiyo echo echo $ var sarudzo.

Kana iwe usiri kujairana nerondedzero yekirasi ino yezvikamu zvekushanduka usati waita shanduko, uve nechokwadi chekuverenga ruzivo pakutanga kwechinyorwa ichi. Izvi zvichabatsira kudzivisa zvimwe zvikanganiso zvine chekuita nema paramita akapindwa kuve nemagumisiro avo. Kana dziri kubviswa kweparamende, zvinoitikawo kuburikidza nefaira rekugadzirisa. Izvo zvakaringana kubvisa zvachose tambo kana kutaura pamusoro payo nekuwedzera pakutanga kwechiratidzo #.

Kugadzira uye kubvisa systemic mamiriro ekunze

Iyo inoramba ichingokanganisa kirasi yechitatu yemhando yepamusoro - systemic. Rongedza kuti uite izvi ichave iyo / etc / profil faira, iyo inoramba ichishanda kunyange nekubatana kure, semuenzaniso, kuburikidza nemaneja weSHH anozivikanwa. Kuvhurwa kweiyo fomu yekugadzirisa kunoitwa mukati menzira imwecheteyo seyakapfuura vhezheni:

1. Mune console, pinda sudo Gedit / etc / profile.



2. Ita zvese zvinochinja zvinodikanwa uye uvaponese nekudzvanya pane yakakodzera bhatani.



3. Restart chinhu kuburikidza neSource / etc / profile.



4. Pakupera, tarisa mashandiro kuburikidza neEcho $ var.

Shanduko mufaira ichaponeswa kunyangwe mushure mekurerazve chikamu, uye mushandisi wega wega uye application ichakwanisa kuwana data nyowani pasina matambudziko.

Kunyangwe kana ruzivo rwunoratidzwa nhasi runoratidzika kunge rwakanyanya kukuomera, isu tinonzwisisa zvakanyanya kunzwisisa uye tinonzwisisa zvikamu zvakawanda sezvinobvira. Kushandisa zvishandiso zvakadaro OS kuchabatsira kudzivisa kuunganidza mafaera ekuwedzera ezvigadzirwa kune imwe neimwe application, nekuti ivo vese vachawana zvese zvinoshanduka. Iyo inopawo kuchengetedzwa kwemazita ese uye nekuiunganidza mukati menzvimbo imwechete. Kana iwe uchifarira chaiyo yakashandiswa zvakasarudzika zvakasikwa, kureva kune Linux kugovera zvinyorwa.