Budiriro ine yakakurumbira yakakurumbira pakati peakavanzika, economsists uye nehafu uye mari hazviduke zvishandiso zvakawandisa zvekushandiswa kwezvakawanda zvemari kuverenga kwemari. Kunyanya kuita mabasa eiyi kutarisisa kunopihwa kuboka remabasa emari. Vazhinji vava vanogona kubatsira kwete chete kune nyanzvi, asiwo kuvashandi veindasitiri anoenderana, pamwe nevashandisiwo zvavo mune zvavanoda. Ngatimbokurukurai zvakadzama izvi zvinoshandiswa izvi, pamwe nekuteerera kwakakosha kune vanonyanya kuzivikanwa vashandisi veboka iri.
Kuurayiwa kwekuverenga uchishandisa mabasa emari
Iyo data yedata yevashandi inosanganisira anopfuura makumi mashanu mafomula. Isu ticha tarisisa kune gumi zvakanyanya kutsvaga - kubva kwavari. Asi chekutanga ngatitarise nzira yekuvhura rondedzero yezviridzwa zvemari zvekutama kuita rimwe basa.
Shanduko yeiyi seti yezvishandiso zviri nyore kuita zvese kuburikidza neThe Master yeMabasa.
- Isu tinosimbisa iyo sero apo mhedzisiro yekuverenga icharatidzwa, uye tinya pane iyo "Insert basa" bhatani, riri pedyo neform mutsara.
- Maitiro ekutanga anotanga. Isu tinoita tinya pane "chikamu" munda.
- Rondedzero yemapoka aripo evashandi vevashandi vanovhura. Sarudza kubva kuZita "Zvemari".
- Rondedzero yezviridzwa zvatinoda yaunotangwa. Sarudza chimiro chakananga chekuita basa racho uye tinya pane "ok" bhatani. Mushure meizvozvo, zvinopokana nehwindo reiyo yakasarudzwa opareta inovhura.
Iwe unogona zvakare kuenda kune tenzi emabasa kuburikidza neiyo formulas tab. Nekuita shanduko yacho, iwe unofanirwa kudzvanya pane bhatani pane "kuisa basa" tepi, yakaiswa mu "basa raibhurari". Pakarepo mushure meizvi zvichatanga tenzi emabasa.
Kune zvakare nzira yekuenda kune inodiwa yemari inoshanda pasina kutanga iyo yekutanga wizard hwindo. Nezvimwe zvinangwa mune imwechete formula tab, mune "Raibhurari yeBasa" Zvirongwa zveboka pane rabe tinya pane bhatani remari. Mushure meizvozvo, rondedzero yekudonha-pasi yezvese zvishandiso zviripo zveichi chivharo chinovhura. Sarudza chinhu chaunoda uye tinya pairi. Pakarepo mushure meizvozvo hwindo rekupokana kwayo.
Chidzidzo: Wizard mabasa muExcel
Mari
Mumwe wevanonyanya kudikanwa mashandiro emari ndewebasa remari. Zvinokubvumira kuti uverenge purofiti yekuchengetedza pazuva rechibvumirano, zuva rekupinda musimba rekununura huwandu hwekubhadhara (frequency). Iyi ndiyo ma parameter ayo ari kupokana kweiyi formula. Mukuwedzera, pane sarudzo yesarudzo "hwaro". Iyi data iyi inogona kuiswa kubva kukhibhodi zvakananga kuminda inoenderana yewindo kana kuchengetwa mumasero eExets mashitsi. Muchiitiko chekupedzisira, panzvimbo yenhamba uye mazuva, iwe unofanirwa kupinda kuti upinde mumasero aya. Zvakare, basa racho rinogona kuiswawo mumutambo wetambo kana nzvimbo pabepa remawere pasina kudana hwindo rekupokana. Panguva imwechete iwe unofanirwa kutevera iyo inotevera syntax:
= Mari (zuva_sog; zuva_text_sil; rate; mutengo; kudzorera »frequency; [base]
BS
Basa guru reBS basa ndere kutsanangura kukosha kwemangwana kwekudyara. Kukakavara kwayo ndiwo mwero wekunakidzwa kwenguva ("chiyero"), huwandu hwehuwandu hwenhamba ("kol_per") uye kubhadhara nguva dzese ("plt"). Sarudzo dzekusarudzika dzinosanganisira kukosha kwazvino ("PS") uye kuisa nguva yekubhadhara pakutanga kana kumagumo kwenguva ("mhando"). Anoshanda ane inotevera syntax:
= BS (chiyero; kuverenga_per; PS]; [Type]))
Vd
Iyo Edr Operator inoverenga iyo yemukati mwero wekubatsira kwemari inoyerera mari. Iyo chete inosungirwa kupokana kwebasa iri kukosha kwemari inoyerera, iyo pane pepa rekunyorera rinogona kuendeswa kune data renji mumasero ("tsika"). Uyezve, muchitokisi chekutanga chehuremu, huwandu hwezvakabatanidzwa nechiratidzo "-" chinofanira kuratidzwa, uye mune mamwe mari. Mukuwedzera, pane sarudzo yesarudzo "fungidziro". Inoratidza huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwekubatsira. Ukasazvidavirira, saka nekumwe, kukosha uku kunotorwa mune gumi muzana. Syntax yeiyo formula iri seinotevera:
= Vd (tsika; [kufungidzira])
MWSD
Iyo MWSD inoshanda inoita kuverenga kweiyo yakagadziridzwa yemukati yekudzoka, yakapihwa iyo muzana yekudzoserwa mari. Muchinhu ichi, kunze kweiyo mari kuyerera kwehuwandu ("kukosha") kupokana ndiwo chiyero chemari uye chiyero chevhu. Saizvozvo, Syntax ine rudzi urwu:
= MWSD (kukosha; rate_financir; rate_reinvester)
Pt
Iyo prt inoshanda inoverenga huwandu hwekubhadhara kwemubhadharo kwenguva yakatarwa. Nharo dzebasa ndiwo mwero wekunakidzwa kwenguva ("chiyero"); nguva yenguva ("nguva"), kukosha kweiyo hakugone kupfuura huwandu hwehuwandu hwenguva; Nhamba yenguva ("cal_per"); Kukosha kwakaderedzwa ("PS"). Uye zvakare, pane sarudzo yesarudzo - mutengo weramangwana ("BS"). Iyi formula inogona chete kushandiswa kana kubhadhara munguva yega yega inoitwa nenhengo dzakaenzana. Iyo syntax yeiyo ine inotevera fomu:
= Prt (chiyero; nguva; kuverenga_per; ps; [BS])
Plt.
Iyo PL inoshanda inoverenga huwandu hweiyo nguva yekubhadhara nguva nenguva. Kusiyana nebasa rapfuura, izvi hazvina "nguva" nharo. Asi sarudzo yekusarudzika "mhando" inowedzerwa, iyo inoratidza pakutanga kana pakupera kwenguva inofanirwa kubhadharwa. Iyo parameter yakasara yakabatanidzwa zvachose neiyo yapfuura formula. Iyo syntax inoita seiyi:
= PLT (chiyero; kuverenga_per; Ps; [BS]; [Type])
Ps.
Iyo ps formula inoshandiswa kuverenga kukosha kwekudyara kwekudyara. Iyi ficha reverse operator ppt. Ane chaizvo mashoko mamwechete, asi chete pane kupokana kweiyo kukosha kwezvino ("PS" yakaverengerwa, inoratidza huwandu hwenguva yekubhadhara nguva ("plt"). Syntax, zvichiteerana, zvakadaro:
= Ps (rate; kuverenga_per; pll; [BS]; [Type])
Chps
Iyo inotevera operator inoshandiswa kuverenga iyo mambure yakanyorwa kana mutengo wakaderedzwa. Iyi ficha ine nharo mbiri: Discount rate uye kukosha kwekubhadhara kana mari. Chokwadi, wechipiri wavo anogona kuve neanosvika 254 sarudzo dzinomiririra mari inoyerera. Iyo syntax yeiyi formula yakadaro:
= Chps (chiyero; kukosha1; kukosha2; ...)
Bhiza
Shanda chiyero chinoverenga chiyero chehunyanzvi pane annuity. Nharo dzeiyi operator ndiyo nhamba yenguva ("muhomwe"), hukuru hwekubhadhara nguva dzose ("plt") uye huwandu hwekubhadhara ("PS"). Mukuwedzera, pane zvimwe zvekuwedzera sarudzo: Iyo yemberi mutengo ("BS") uye chiratidzo pakutanga kana pakupera kwenguva ichaitwa ("mhando"). Syntax inotora rudzi urwu:
= Chiyero (kuverenga_per; pl; ps [BS]; [Type])
Mhedzisiro
Iyo inoshanda inokonzeresa kuverenga kweiyo chaiyo (kana inoshanda) mwero wekubhadhara. Iri basa rinongova nemakakava maviri chete: Nhamba yenguva dzegore, ndedzipi zviitiko zvekuwedzera zvinoshandiswa, pamwe neiyo yechokwadi chiyero. Iyo syntax inoita seiyi:
= Mhedzisiro (Nom_Pet; Col_per)
Takaongorora chete iyo inonyanya kutsvaga mabasa emari. Kazhinji, nhamba yevashandi vebasa kubva kuboka iri kakawanda kakawanda. Asi mune iyi mienzaniso, kushanda uye kuve nyore kwekushandiswa kwezvikwangwani izvi, zvakanyanya kufambisa kuverenga kwevashandisi, zviri pachena pachena.