Excel yekutsvaga basa

Imwe yeanonyanya kutsvaga vashandi vepashure peVashandisi veEndcel ndiro basa rekutsvaga. Mabasa ayo anosanganisira tsananguro yeiyo nzvimbo yechinhu nhamba mune yakapihwa data. Iyo inounza iyo yakanakira iyo yakanakira kana ichishandiswa mune yakaoma nevamwe vashandisi. Ngatishandei neiko basa rekutsvaga imba, uye ingashandiswa sei mukuita.

Kushandiswa kweanoshanda kweiyo yekutsvaga bhodhi

Iyo yekutsvaga sevhisi inoshanda ndeye yerudzi rwemabasa "zvinongedzo uye arrays". Inoburitsa chinhu chakataurwa mune yakatarwa kurongeka uye inoburitsa nzvimbo yayo mune ino huwandu muchitokisi chakasiyana. Chaizvoizvo, zvinoratidzawo zita rake. Zvakare, ichi chimiro chinoshandiswawo mune zvakaoma nevamwe vashandisi, inovavimbisa nzvimbo yenzvimbo yeimwe chinhu chekugadzirisa chinotevera cheiyi data.

Iyo syntax yeiyo Operator yekutsvaga-bhuku rinotaridzika seizvi:

= Tsvaga bhodhi (kutsvaga_name; kuona__nassive; [Type_station])

Zvino funga rimwe nerimwe revatatu vevakapokana izvi zvakasiyana.

"Iko kukosha kwaunoda" chinhu chinofanira kuwanikwa. " Inogona kunge iine zvinyorwa, nhamba yenhamba, pamwe nekuita kukosha zvine musoro. Chirevo chechitokisi, icho chine chero chipi zvacho chiri pamusoro petsika zvinogona zvakare kuve sekupokana uku.

"Rondedzero yakanyorwa" ndiyo huwandu hwenzvimbo iyo iyo kukosha kwaunoda. Iyo inzvimbo yeiyo chinhu ichi mune ino yakarongedzwa iyo inofanirwa kuona iyo inoshanda yebhodhi yekutsvaga.

"Rudzi rweMepu" Inoratidza iyo chaiyo yekuziva yekutsvaga kana kusagadzikana. Kupokana uku kunogona kuve nezvinoreva zvitatu: "1" ", 0" "uye" -1 ". Ne "0" kukosha, anoshanda ari kutsvaga chete kuzivikanwa chaiko. Kana kukosha "1" kwakatsanangurwa, ipapo mukushaikwa kwekuenderana, kutsvaga kune chinhu chepedyo ichocho kuchiburitswa. Kana kukosha kwacho kuri "-1", saka kana iri nguva chaiyo yekubatana isingaonekwe, basa rinoratidza chinhu chepedyo chaiye kukwira. Izvo zvakakosha kana pasina kukosha kwakaringana, asi kufungidzira kuti rondedzero yacho yarairwa seyakawedzera (mhando yekufananidza "1") kana kuburuka (mhando yekufananidza "-1").

Nharo "Mepu mhando" haisi yekumanikidzwa. Inogona kupotsa kana pasina chinodiwa. Mune ino kesi, kukosha kwayo kwakakosha ndeye "1". Nyorera "rudzi rwekuenzanisa" nharo, kutanga pane zvese, zvinongoita zvine musoro kana zviyero zvehuwandu zvinogadziriswa, kwete mameseji.

Kana iyo yekutsvaga iyo yakagadziriswa marongero isingakwanise kuwana chinhu chaunoda chinhu, anoshanda anoratidza iyo "# H / D" kukanganisa muchitokisi.

Kana uchitsvaga, anoshanda haasiyanise mavara marejista. Kana paine kakawanda kakawanda kanzari zvakarongeka, saka kutsvaga kwekutanga kwavo kuri muchitokisi.

Nzira 1: Inoratidza iyo nzvimbo yeiyo chinhu mubhendi data renji

Ngatitarisei muenzaniso weiyo iri nyore kesi kana uchishandisa iyo yekutsvaga yaunotarisa iyo nzvimbo yechinhu chakataurwa mune iyo mavara edha data. Isu tinoona kuti ndeipi chinzvimbo mune iyo mhando umo mazita ezvinhu, anogara izwi rekuti "shuga".

1. Sarudza sero mazviri yakagadziriswa icharatidzwa. Dzvanya pane iyo "Insert Basa" icon pedyo ne formula mutsara.



2. Kumhanya wizard yemabasa. Vhura iyo chikamu "yakazara alfabhethi rondedzero" kana "zvinongedzo uye arrays". Mune rondedzero yevashandi vachitsvaga zita rekuti "kambani yekutsvaga". Kutsvaga uye kujekesa iyo, tinya iyo "OK" bhatani pazasi pewindo.



3. Hwindo rekupokana renzvimbo yekutsvaga inoshanda. Sezvauri kuona, muhwindo rino, maererano nehuwandu hwekupokana kune minda mitatu. Tinofanira kuvazadza.

   Sezvo isu tichida kutsvaga chinzvimbo cheShoko rekuti "shuga" mumhando, tinoshingaira zita iri mu "mhosva".

   Mu "runyorwa runyorwa" munda, iwe unofanirwa kutsanangura izvo zvinongedzo zvezvikamu zvega. Inogona kuityaira pamunhu, asi zviri nyore kuisa iyo inotuka mumunda uye sarudza iyi array pane pepa, inonamatira kune bhatani rekuruboshwe bhatani. Mushure meizvozvo, kero yayo ichaonekwa muhwindo rekupokana.

   Mumunda wechitatu "rudzi rwekuenzanisa", isu takasiya iyo nhamba "0", sezvatinoshanda ne data data, uye saka tinoda mhedzisiro chaiyo.

   Mushure mezvose data yakaiswa, tinya pane "ok" bhatani.



4. Chirongwa ichi chinoita kuverenga uye chinoratidza huwandu hwehuwandu hwe "shuga" chinzvimbo mune yakarongedzwa array muchitokisi chatakataurira padanho rekutanga remurayiridzo. Nhamba yenzvimbo yacho ichave "4".

Chidzidzo: Master of mabasa muExcle

Nzira 2: autaration yekutsvaga oparesheni yekutsvaga

Pamusoro, isu takatarisa zvakanyanya nyaya yekutanga yekushandiswa kweanoshanda nekambani yekutsvaga, asi kunyange inogona kuve otomatiki.

1. Kuti uwane nyore pane pepa, wedzera mamwe minda miviri yekuwedzera: "Simbisa" uye "nhamba". Mu "Setpoint" munda, unodzinga zita rekutsvaga. Zvino ngazvive "nyama." Mu "nhamba" munda, isu takasimudza iyo inotuka uye enda kune iyo oparesheni yepahwindo nenzira imwecheteyo iyo hurukuro yaive iri pamusoro.



2. Mukupokana kwemabasa mu "munda" munda, taura kero yemasero umo izwi rekuti "nyama" rakanyorwa. Muminda "inotarisa kuburikidza nehuremu" uye "rudzi rwekuenzanisa", ratidza iyo data yakafanana neyenyaya yapfuura - kero yehuwandu uye nhamba "0", zvichiteerana. Mushure meizvozvo, tinya pane "OK" bhatani.



3. Mushure mekunge taburitsa zviito zviri pamusoro, iyo "nhamba" munda icharatidza chinzvimbo cheShoko "nyama" mune yakasarudzwa renji. Mune ino kesi, yakaenzana ne "3".



4. Iyi nzira yakanaka nekuti tinoda kutsvaga chinzvimbo cheimwe zita, hazvizove madikanwa kuti vatore kana kuchinja fomula nguva dzese. Izvo zvakaringana kungoisa izwi nyowani izwi pane imwe yapfuura mu "Setpoint" munda. Kugadzirisa uye kupa mhedzisiro mushure meizvi zvichaitika otomatiki.

Nzira 3: Uchishandisa Operator Tsvaga yeNhama mazwi

Zvino ngatitarisei kuti ungashandisa sei kutsvaga kwebasa neyene mazwi.

Basa racho riri kutsvaga chigadzirwa zvinosvika pakugadzirwa kwe400 rubles kana zvakanyanya padyo neiyi mari ichikwira.

1. Chekutanga pane zvese, isu tinofanirwa kugadzirisa zvinhu zviri mu "huwandu" chikamu chetsoka. Isu tinogovera iyi ikholamu uye tenderera ku "imba" tab. Dzvanya pane "mhando uye yefaira" icon, iyo iri patepi mune yekugadzirisa unit. Mune rondedzero inoratidzika, sarudza chinhu "mhando kubva kune yakakwana kusvika kune mashoma".



2. Mushure mekunge kurongeka kwaitwa, sarudza iyo sero apo mhedzisiro icharatidzwa, uye tanga hwindo rekupokana nenzira imwe chete yatiri kutaura nenzira yekutanga.

   Mu "Kukanganisa" munda, tyaira nhamba "400". Mu "runyorwa runyorwa" munda, tinonyatsotaura maironga eiyo column "huwandu". Mu "mapuru mhando" munda, isa kukosha "-1", sezvatinoburitsa kutsvaga kweiyo yakaenzana kana yakakura kukosha kubva kune yakanyanya kukosha. Mushure mekuita zvese marongero, tinya "OK" bhatani.



3. Mhedzisiro yekugadzirisa inoratidzwa muchitokisi chakatsanangurwa. Iyi ndiyo chinzvimbo "3". Zvinoenderana ne "mbatatisi". Chokwadi, huwandu hwemari kubva mukushandiswa kwechigadzirwa ichi ndicho chiri padyo nenhamba 400 ichikwira uye huwandu kune 450 rubles.

Saizvozvo, iwe unogona kutsvaga chinzvimbo chepedyo kune iyo "400" inoburuka. Chete kune izvi iwe unofanirwa kuendesa data kukwira, uye mune "mhando yemepu yemhando" yekupokana kwebasa racho seta kukosha "1".

Chidzidzo: Kurongedza uye kusefa data kuti ibudise

Nzira 4: Shandisa musanganiswa nevamwe vashandisi

Izvo zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kushandisa basa iri nevamwe vashandisi sechikamu chechimiro chakaoma. Iyo inowanzo shandiswa mune bundle ine index basa. Kupokana uku kunoratidza zvirimo mumutsara kana chikamu kune yakatarwa sero. Uyezve, kuwanda, sekuenderana neanoshanda neanoshanda, bhodhi rekutsvaga harisi rezve pepa rose, asi mukati megawo. Iyo syntax yeiyi ficha iri seinotevera:

= Index (array; nhamba_Link; nhamba_number)

Panguva imwecheteyo, kana ori array iri imwe-yemukati, ipapo iwe unogona chete kushandisa imwe yemakakava maviri: "mutsara wenhau" kana "nhamba yenhamba".

Chinhu chebasa rebasa reIndia uye iyo yekutsvaga iyo yekupedzisira inogona kushandiswa seyekupedzisira kwekutanga, ndiko kuti, kuratidza mutsara kana mutsara.

Ngatitarisei kutaridzika sezvingaitwe mukudzidzira kushandisa tafura imwe chete. Isu takatarisana nebasa rekuunza zita rechigadzirwa mune imwe zita rekuwedzera zita rechigadzirwa, huwandu hwakazara hwemari kubva kune iyo 350 rubles kana iri padyo neiyi kukosha sekusununguka. Kupokana uku kunotsanangurwa mu "mabvumirano emari" munda pane pepa.

1. Kuronga zvinhu mu "mari mari" ikholamu ikakwira. Kuti uite izvi, sarudza iyo indimendi yaunoda uye, uchiri mu "imba" tab, tinya ne "Sort uye menyu inoonekwa nekudzvanya pane" mhando kubva kune iyo shoma kusvika kune yakanyanya "chinhu.



2. Sarudza iyo cell mune "chigadzirwa" munda uye unoshevedza mabasa emabasa nenzira yakajairwa kuburikidza ne "kuisa basa" bhatani.



3. Mune hwindo rinoshanda remabasa ari muchikamu "mareferensi uye arrays" nekutarisa zita rekuti "indekisi", tinogovera uye tinya pane "ok" bhatani.



4. Iwindo rinotevera rinovhura, iro rinopa sarudzo yeiyo Operator sarudzo. Index: yehurongwa kana chirevo. Tinoda sarudzo yekutanga. Naizvozvo, isu tinosiya zvese zvigadziriso zvigadziriso muhwindo iri uye tinya pane "OK" bhatani.



5. Iyo gakava inovhura iyo index inoshanda. Mu "Array" munda, taura kero yemhando iyo iyo inoshanda indekisi ichatsvaga zita rechigadzirwa. Pane yedu nyaya, ichi ndicho chigadzirwa "chigadzirwa".

   Iyo "mutsara nhamba" munda ichave iri basa rakanyadziswa rekutsvaga. Ichafanira kuityaira pacheko uchishandisa iyo syntax inotaurwa pakutanga chaiko kwechinyorwa. Pakarepo nyora zita rebasa - "Tsvaga board" pasina makotesheni. Wobva wavhura bracket. Kupokana kwekutanga kweiyi oparesheni ndeye "kukosha kwaunoda". Iyo iri pane pepa mune "yakaenzana huwandu hwemari" munda. Ratidza kuronga kwesero kune iyo nhamba 350. Isu tinoisa pfungwa ne comma. Kupokana kwechipiri ndiyo "inoratidzwa". Bhodhi rekutsvaga richaona huwandu umo huwandu hwemari inowanikwa uye kutsvaga zvakanyanya padyo ne350 rubles. Naizvozvo, mune ino nyaya, tinotaura vanorongedzo nezve "mari yakawanda" ikholamu. Zvakare isa pfungwa ne comma. Nhaurwa yechitatu ndiyo "mhando yekuenzanisa". Sezvo isu tichazotarisa nhamba yakaenzana kune yakataurwa kana iyo yepedyo diki, tinoisa nhamba "1" pano. Vhara mabhureki.

   Iyo yechitatu nharo inoshanda index "nhamba yekhoramu" inosiyiwa isina chinhu. Mushure meizvozvo, tinya pane "OK" bhatani.



6. Sezvauri kuona, basa reIndex nerubatsiro rweanotsvaga musero mutero unoratidza zita rekuti "tii". Chokwadi, huwandu kubva pakutengesa tii (300 rubles) iri pedyo nekudzika kuraira kune huwandu hwehuwandu hwemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu kubva kune ese maitiro anowanikwa mune yakagadziriswa tafura.



7. Kana tikachinja iyo nhamba mune iyo "fungidziro yemari" munda kune imwe, ipapo zviri mukati me "chigadzirwa" munda "

Chidzidzo: Basa Index muExcel

Sezvauri kuona, mushandi wekutsvaga ari nyore kwazvo basa rekuziva huwandu hwechinhu chakataurwa mune yakatarwa yedatray. Asi zvakanakira zvazvinowedzera zvinokosha kana zvashandiswa mune yakazara mafomula.