Basa ina Excel

Imwe yemabasa ezvekushanda excel excel iri madhiri. Basa rayo nderekudzoka kuLeaf element, kwainowanikwa, zviri mukati mechitokisi pane icho chinongedzo mune yemhando yemavara inotsanangurwa muchimiro chekupokana.

Zvaizoita sekunge hapana chakakosha nezvazvo, nekuti zvinokwanisika kuratidza zvirimo muchitokisi chimwe mune imwe uye nzira dzakareruka. Asi, sezvazvinoitika, zvimwe nuChinda dzinoita kuti dzive dzakasarudzika dzinobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kweiyi opareta. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, formula iyi inokwanisa kugadzirisa mabasa akadaro nedzimwe nzira hadzigone kurarama kana zvichave zvakanyanya kuoma kuita. Ngatidzidzei zvakawanda, izvo zvinomiririra iyo inobata mari uye kuti ingashandiswa sei mukuita.

Kushandiswa kwe formula dvssl

Iro zita chairo reiyi operator dvssl rakanyoreswa se "mbiri yekubatanidza". Chaizvoizvo, izvi zvinoratidza chinangwa chayo - kuratidza data kuburikidza nerevo yakatarwa kubva kune imwe cell kuenda kune imwe. Uyezve, kusiyana nemamwe mabasa mazhinji anoshanda nemareferensi, inofanira kutsanangurwa muzvinyorwa zvemavara, izvo, zvinoratidzwa kubva kumativi ese nemativi ese ane zvirevo.

Uyu opareta anoreva chikamu che "zvinongedzo uye arrays" mabasa uye ane inotevera syntax:

= Dwarf (link_namechair; [A1])

Saka, formula ine nharo mbiri chete.

Iyo nharo "chinongedzo kuchitokisi" inoburitswa sechinhu chekubatanidza kune shizha rechinhu, iyo data iri mauri iwe yaunoda kuratidza. Mune ino kesi, iyo link yakatarwa inofanira kunge iine fomu yemavara, kureva kuti "kuve" yakaputirwa "nemakotesheni.

Kupokana "A1" hakusi kwekumanikidzwa uye mune yakawanda yakawanda yezviitiko hazvidi kuratidzwa zvachose. Inogona kuve nemhando mbiri dze "chokwadi" uye "nhema". Muchiitiko chekutanga, anoshanda anosarudza zvinongedzo muchimiro che "A1", zvinoreva, iyi chimiro chinogoneswa mukureba nekutadza. Kana kukosha kwekupokana kusingataure zvachose, kuchakurukurwa chaizvo se "chokwadi". Mune yechipiri nyaya, mareferensi akatsunga muchimiro cheR1C1. Iyi nzira yekubatanidza inofanirwa kuve yakanyatsobatanidzwa muAlquel Zvirongwa.

Kana iwe ukareva zviri nyore, iyo dwarf rudzi rwakaenzana nezvinongedzo zveimwe cell kune imwe mushure mechiratidzo "chakaenzana." Semuenzaniso, kazhinji kazhinji kutaura

= Madhiri ("A1")

ichave yakaenzana nekutaura

= A1.

Asi mukusiyana nezwi rekuti "= A1", madhiri anoshanda haana kusungirirwa kusiri kwechitokisi, asi kune izvo zvinongedzo zvechinhu papepa.

Funga nezve zvazvinoreva pamuenzaniso wakareruka. Mune masero b8 uye b9, zvichiteerana, akaiswa akanyorwa kuburikidza ne "=" formula uye basa reiyo dwarf. Ose mafomula anoreva nezve chinhu b4 uye chinoburitsa zvirimo pane pepa. Nomuzvarirwo izvi zvakafanana.

Wedzera chimwe chinhu chisina chinhu patafura. Sezvauri kuona, mitsara yakatama. Mu formula uchishandisa "zvakaenzana", kukosha kunoramba kwakafanana, sezvazvinoreva kuchitokisi chekupedzisira, kunyangwe kurongeka kwaro kwakachinja, asi iyo data kubva kune anoshanda pamwe neanoshanda yachinja. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenyaya yekuti hazvirege kwete kune iyo tsamba yetshizha, asi pane vanoronga. Mushure mekuwedzera tambo, kero b4 ine chimwe chinhu chebepa. Zvemukati zvayo ikozvino formula uye inoratidza papepa.

Uyu overator anokwanisa kuratidza kwete chete nhamba, asi zvakare rugwaro, mhedzisiro yekuverenga kweFormu uye chero humwe hunhu hunowanikwa mune yakasarudzwa sheet. Asi mukuita, basa iri hariwanzo kushandiswa rakazvimirira, uye kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji chikamu chakakosha chemafashoni akaoma.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti anoshanda anoshanda kune mamwe mareferensi kune mamwe mashiti uye kunyange pane mamwe mabhuku eEFLEC, asi mune iyi nyaya inofanira kutanga yatangwa.

Zvino ngatimbokurukurai mienzaniso chaiyo yekushandiswa kweanoshanda.

MUENZANISO 1: Kushandiswa kamwechete kweanoshanda

Kutanga, funga muenzaniso wakareruka umo basa refirimu rinodudzira rakazvimiririra kuti iwe unzwisise kukosha kwebasa rake.

Tine tafura yekupokana. Pane basa rekuratidza iyo yekutanga cell data yeiyo yekutanga chikamu mune yekutanga chinhu chekodhi imwe neimwe uchishandisa iyo yakadzidziswa formula.

1. Isu tinosimbisa chinhu chekutanga chekamuri, kwatinoronga kuisa formula. Dzvanya pane iyo "Insert Basa" icon.



2. Iyo mabasa wizard window inotanga kumhanya. Isu tinofamba kuenda kuChikamu "zvinongedzo uye artays". Kubva pane rondedzero, sarudza kukosha "dvssl". Dzvanya pane "OK" bhatani.



3. Hwindo rekupokana renzvimbo yakataurwa inotangwa. Mu "chinongedzo kuchitokisi" munda, iwe unofanirwa kudoma kero yeiyo chinhu pane pepa, zvirimo zvatiri kuratidza. Ehe, zvinogona kuiswa pamurume, asi zvakanyanya kushanda uye zvichave nyore kuita zvinotevera. Isa iyo isaor mumunda, wobva wadzvanya bhatani rekuruboshwe mbeva pane chinhu chakakodzera pane pepa. Sezvauri kuona, ipapo shure kwaizvozvo, kero yayo yakaonekwa musango. Tobva tagovana chinongedzo nemakotesheni kubva kumativi ese. Sezvatinoyeuka, ichi chinhu chekushanda nekupokana kweiyi formula.

   Mu "A1" munda, nekuti tinoshanda mumhando yenguva dzose yemhando yekuronga, iwe unogona kuisa kukosha kwe "chokwadi", uye iwe unogona kuzvisiya zvachose kuti tichaita. Izvi zvichave zviito zvakaenzana.

   Mushure meizvozvo, tinya pane "OK" bhatani.



4. Sezvatinoona, zvino zvirimo zvechitunha chekutanga chekoramu yekutanga petafura inoratidzwa mune chinhu chebepa racho rwunowanikwa formula.



5. Kana isu tichida kushandisa basa iri mumasero, iyo iri pazasi, ipapo mune iyi nyaya iwe unofanirwa kupihwa kune imwe neimwe nzira yeiyo yelement. Kana isu tichiedza kuteedzera kushandisa mucherechedzo wekuzadza kana imwe nzira inotevedzera, iro zita rimwe chete richiratidzwa mune zvese zvinhu zvekamuri. Chokwadi ndechekuti, sezvatinorangarira, zvinorehwa zvinoita sekukakavara muchimiro chezvinyorwa (zvakaputirwa mumakotesheni), zvinoreva kuti hazvigone kuve hama.

Chidzidzo: Wizard mabasa muExcel Chirongwa

MUFANANIDZO 2: Uchishandisa Opireti mune yakarongedzwa formula

Uye ikozvino ngatitarisei muenzaniso wekushandiswa kwakawanda kwekushandiswa kwemaviri, kana chiri chikamu chakakosha chechimiro chakaoma.

Tine tafura yemwedzi yemwedzi yemubhokisi. Isu tinofanirwa kuverenga huwandu hwemari yemari kwenguva yakati, semuenzaniso Mart - May kana June - Mbudzi. Ehezve, nezveizvi, zvinokwanisika kushandisa formula yekuparadza kwepamoyo, asi mune ino nyaya, kana zvichidikanwa, kuverenga zvakajairika mhedzisiro yenguva imwe neimwe, isu tichafanira kuchinja mafomula iyi nguva yese. Asi kana uchishandisa basa racho, iyo dwarf inogona kuchinjwa neyakaipfuura renji, kungotaura kungotaura mwedzi unoenderana mumasero emumwe neumwe. Ngatiedzei kushandisa iyi sarudzo mukutanga kutanga kuverenga iyo huwandu hwenguva kubva kuna Kurume kuenda kuMay. Izvi zvinoshandisa iyo formula ine musanganiswa wevashandi vehurumende uye dash.

1. Chekutanga pane zvese, mune zvega pane pepa rezita remwedzi yekutanga uye nekupera kwenguva, kuti kuverenga kuchiverengerwa, zvichiteerana, "Kurume" uye "May".



2. Zvino isu tinopa zita kumasero ese mu "mari" chikamu, icho chichangofanana nezita remwedzi unoenderana. Ndiko kuti, chinhu chekutanga mu "mari" yemari, iyo ine hukuru hwembambo, inofanira kunzi "Ndira", yechipiri - February ", etc.

   Nekudaro, kupa zita rekutanga chinhu chekamuri, sarudza uye tinya bhatani rebushi re mbeva. Mamino menyu anovhura. Sarudza chinhu "chinopa zita ...".



3. Iro zita rekusika hwindo rakatangwa. Mu "zita" munda unokodzera zita rekuti "Ndira". Hapasisina shanduko muhwindo hadzifanirwe kuitwa, kunyangwe iwe ungangoda kuti ugone kutarisa kuti maironga mu "Range" inoenderana nekero yesero ine mari yebasa munaJanuary. Mushure meizvozvo, tinya pane "OK" bhatani.



4. Sezvauri kuona, ikozvino, paunogovera chinhu ichi muIzwi hwindo, hariratidzirwe kero yayo, uye muzita ratakamupa. Kuvhiya kwakafanana kunoitwa nezvimwe zvinhu zvese zve "mari" yemuchina, kuvapa vanonzi "Kukadzi", "Kurume", "Kubvumbi" kusvika Zvita zvinosanganisira.



5. Sarudza cell iyo iyo huwandu hwehunhu hwenyaya yakatarwa icharatidzwa uye kugovera. Wobva wadzvanya pane "isa basa" icon. Iyo inoiswa kuruboshwe rwemutsara weFormasi uye kurudyi rweMunda pane zita remasero rinoratidzwa.



6. Mune hwindo rakamhan'ara, vatenzi vemabasa vanofamba kuenda kuChikamu "masvomhu". Ikoko vanosarudza zita rekuti "Sums". Dzvanya pane "OK" bhatani.



7. Kutevera kuitwa kwechiitiko ichi, iyo operator kupokana nehwindo inotangwa, iyo chete basa rei nderino kuwanda kweiyo tsika yakatarwa. Iyo syntax yeiri basa iri nyore kwazvo:

   = Zviyero (nhamba1; nhamba2; ...)

   Kazhinji, nhamba yekupokana inogona kuzadzisa tsika dza255. Asi idzi nharo idzi nderekushushikana. Ivo ndivo vanoverengera kana kuronga kwechitokisi umo nhamba iyi iri mairi. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuita nenzira yeiyo formula yakavakirwa iyo inovhara iyo nhamba yaunoda kana inoratidza kero yeiyo tsamba yezvinhu painoiswa. Iyo iri mune uhwu hunhu hwevakavakirwa-mukushanda uye vashandi vedu vanoshandiswa mune ino nyaya.

   Isa iyo inotuka mu "nhamba1" munda. Wobva wadzvanya pachiratidzo muchimiro chekatikati chakamiswa kurudyi kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemarangi. Rondedzero yemabasa achangobva kuitika anoshandiswa anoburitswa. Kana paine "dvssl" zita pakati pavo, ipapo pakarepo tinya pairi kuti uende kuhwindo rekupokana rebasa iri. Asi zvingave zvakanaka kuti mune iyi rondedzero iwe hauzoiwana. Mune ino kesi, iwe unofanirwa kudzvanya pazita "mamwe mabasa ..." pazasi pechinyorwa.



8. Yakatangwa yatojairana neUS windows wizard mabasa. Isu tinoenda kuchikamu "chinongedzo uye arrays" uye sarudza zita reVashandi DVSSL. Mushure meizvozvo, iwe unodzvanya pane "ok" bhatani pazasi pewindo.



9. Hwindo rezvipikiso zveMushandi weanoshanda. Mu "chinongedzo kuchitokisi" munda, taura kero yeiyo tsamba yetshizha, iyo ine zita remwedzi wekutanga weiyo renji rakagadzirirwa kuverenga huwandu. Ndokumbira utarise kuti mune iyi nyaya iwe haufanire kutora chinongedzo mumakotesheni, sezvo mune ino nyaya hakuzove nemarongekisi anoronga, asi zvirimo, izvo zvarwo zvoita mavara (izwi rekuti "Kurume"). Iyo "A1" munda inosiyiwa isina chinhu, sezvo isu tinoshandisa iyo yakajairwa kurongedza madimikira madimikira mhando.

   Mushure mekunge kero yoratidzwa mumunda, usamhanye kune "ok" bhatani, seichi chiitiko chakasungwa, uye zviito nazvo zvakasiyana neyakajairwa algorithm. Dzvanya pane zita "Sums" mumutsara weFormulas.



10. Mushure meizvozvo, tinodzokera kumafaro emari. Sezvauri kuona, iyo "nhamba1" munda watove yanyangarika oparesheni yakarukwa nezviri zvirimo. Isa iyo ikwasha mumunda mumwe chete pakarepo mushure mekupedzisira chiratidzo mune rekodhi. Isa chiratidzo chekoloni (:). Ichi chiratidzo chinoreva iyo kero chiratidzo cheiyo cell range. Tevere, pasina kubvisa kutuka kubva kumunda, zvakare tinya pane iyo icon sekatatu yekuzosarudza mabasa. Ino nguva mune zvinyorwa zvevashandi vachangobva kushandiswa, zita rekuti "Dvssl" rinofanira kufungwa nezvakajeka, sezvataishandisa nguva pfupi yadarika. Dzvanya nezita.



11. Iko kupokana kwevanopokana neanoshanda kweanoshanda kunovhura zvakare. Isu tinopinda iyo "chinongedzo kuchitokisi" munda kero yeiyo chinhu chebepa panowanikwa zita remwedzi, rinopedzisa nguva inofungidzirwa. Zvekare marongero anofanirwa kunyorwa pasina makotesheni. Munda "A1" Siya usina chinhu zvakare. Mushure meizvozvo, tinya pane "OK" bhatani.



12. Sezvauri kuona, mushure meizvi zviito, chirongwa chinoita kuti kuverenga uye kunopa mhedzisiro yekuwedzera kwemari yemubhokisi kwenguva yakati rebei (Kurume - Chivabvu .



13. Kana tikachinja mumasero, uko mazita ekutanga uye kuguma kwemwaka unofungidzirwa zvakanyorwa, kune vamwe, semuenzaniso, munaJune naNovember, uye mhedzisiro yacho ichachinja. Huwandu hwemari yenguva yakatarwa yenguva ichapetwa.

Chidzidzo: Maitiro ekuverenga iyo huwandu muExcel

Sezvatinogona kuona, kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti vashandisi vakakurumbira havagone kunzi vashandisi vakakurumbira, zvisinei, zvinobatsira kugadzirisa mabasa ezvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana mukuremekedzwa kuri nyore kupfuura zvingaitwe nezvimwe zvishandiso. Vazhinji vevanyori vese vanobatsira sechikamu cheiyo yakaoma mafomula maimba iyo iyo ichokwadi chikamu chekutaura. Asi zvakadaro zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mikana yese yeiyo oparesheni dock yakanyanya kunyanyisa kunzwisisa. Uku ndiko kungotsanangurira yakakurumbira kukurumbira kweiyi basa rinobatsira kubva kune vashandisi.