DBF inzira yakakurumbira yekuchengetedza uye kuchinjana data pakati pezvirongwa zvakasiyana, uye chekutanga pane zvese, pakati pekushandisa zvinoshanda matura uye svonheets. Kunyangwe akatanga kuvanza, asi anoramba achidaidzwa muminda dzakasiyana siyana. Semuenzaniso, zvirongwa zvekuzvidavirira zvinoramba zvichishanda nazvo, uye kudzora uye masangano ehurumende anotora chikamu chakakosha chemishumo muchimiro ichi.
Asi, zvinosuruvarisa, Excel, kutanga kubva Excel 2007, yakamira yakazara rutsigiro rweiyo yakatarwa chimiro. Iye zvino muchirongwa ichi iwe unogona chete kutarisa zvirimo zveiyo DBF faira, uye chengetedza iyo data neiyo yakatarwa yekuwedzera yakavakirwa-mune zvishandiso zvekushandisa hazvishande. Neraki, pane dzimwe sarudzo dzekushandurwa kwedata kubva kuChirongwa cheExcel kune iyo fomati yatinoda. Funga kuti izvi zvinogona kuitwa sei.
Kuchengetedza DBF data
MuExcel 2003 uye mune yekutanga shanduro dzechirongwa ichi, unogona kuchengetedza data muDBF (dbase) fomati yakajairika nzira. Kuti uite izvi, zvaive zvakafanira kudzvanya pafaira "faira" mumamenu akaomeswa ekushandisa, uyezve mune rondedzero inovhura, sarudza iyo "Sarudza sa ..." chinzvimbo. Muwindo rakachengetedzwa rekuchengetedza, iwe waida kusarudza zita remuti waunoda uye tinya pane bhatani rekuchengetedza.Asi, zvinosiririsa, kutanga neExcel 2007 vhezheni, Vagadziri veMicrosoft vanoonekwa sevanozvidzwa, uye zvemazuva ano excel emafomu akaomarara kuti apedze nguva uye zvinoreva kuve nechokwadi chekuenzanisa kuzere. Naizvozvo, Excel inoramba ichikwanisa kuverenga mafaira DBF, asi rutsigiro rwekuchengetedza data mune iyi fomati yakavakirwa-mune software zvishandiso zvakabviswa. Nekudaro, pane dzimwe nzira dzekushandura data rakachengetwa muExcel muDBF uchishandisa kushandiswa kwekuwedzera-ons uye mamwe software.
Nzira 1: Whitetown Converter pack Chirongwa
Kune akati wandei zvirongwa zvinokutendera kuti ushandure data kubva kuExcel kuenda kuDBF. Imwe yenzira dzakareruka dzekushandura data kubva kuExcel kuenda kuDBF ndeyekushandisa paseji yekushandura zvinhu zvine vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vakachenesa vakachenesa.
Dhawunirodha Whitetown Converter pack
Kunyangwe maitiro ekuisa chirongwa ichi ari nyore uye intuitive, ichiri kurega zvakadzama pairi, zvichiratidza zvimwe nus.
- Mushure mekunge iwe uchirodha uye wakatangazve iyo Installer, iyo yekuisa wizard hwindo rinobva ravhura, umo iyo inokurudzirwa kusarudza mutauro kune imwezve kuisirwa maitiro. Nekusarudzika, mutauro wakaiswa pane yako Windows muenzaniso unofanirwa kuratidzwa ipapo, asi kana uchida, inogona kuchinjwa. Hatizoite izvi uye kungo tinya pane "OK" bhatani.
- Tevere, hwindo rinotangwa mune iyo nzvimbo yacho inotsanangurwa pane system dhisiki, pane iyo yekushandisa ichaiswa. Nekudzikiswa, ichi ndicho chirongwa chechirongwa folda pane iyo "c" disk. Zvirinani kusachinja chero chinhu zvakare uye chengetedza iyo "inotevera" kiyi.
- Ipapo hwindo rinovhura mairi iwe raunogona kusarudza kuti ndedzipi nzira dzekutendeuka kwaunoda kuve narwo. Nekusarudzika, zvese zviripo zvekushandurwa zvinhu zvinosarudzwa. Asi pamwe vamwe vashandisi havazodi kuiisa vese, sekushandisa kwega kwega kunoitika pane hard disk. Chero zvazvingaitika, ndezvekuti zvakakosha kuti chiratidzo cheki chiri kutenderedza chinhu "XLS (Excel) kuenda kuDBF Converter". Kuisa zvimwe zvikamu zveiyo yekushandisa package, mushandisi anogona kusarudza kungwara kwayo. Mushure mekunge mamiriro ezvinhu aitwa, usakanganwa kudzvanya pane "inotevera" kiyi.
- Mushure meizvozvo, hwindo rinovhura iyo iyo ipfupi inowedzerwa muFolder yekutanga. Nokusvibiswa, kupfupika kunonzi "Whitewn", asi kana uchida, unogona kushandura zita rayo. Dzvanya pane iyo "inotevera" kiyi.
- Ipapo hwindo rinotangwa mazviri kubvunzwa kana iyo label pane desktop yakagadzirwa. Kana iwe uchida kuti uwedzere kuwedzerwa, siya bhokisi rekutarisa padhuze neparamende inoenderana kana iwe usingade kuibvisa. Zvadaro, senguva dzose, tinya iyo "inotevera" kiyi.
- Mushure meizvozvo, imwezve hwindo rinovhura. Iyo ine iyo huru yekuisa paramita. Kana mushandisi asina kukodzera chimwe chinhu, uye anoda kurongedza paramita, wobva wadzvanya "kumashure" kiyi. Kana zvese zviri muhurongwa, wobva wadzvanya pane "Isa" bhatani.
- Maitiro ekuisa anotanga, kufambira mberi kweichiratidze iyo ine simba chiratidzo.
- Ipapo meseji yeruzivo muchirungu inovhura, iyo inoratidza kuonga nezve kuiswa kweiyi phukusi. Dzvanya pane iyo "inotevera" kiyi.
- Muhwindo rekupedzisira, iyo yekuisa wizard inoshuma kuti iyo Whitetown Converter Capetter Pack chirongwa chakabudirira kuisirwa. Tinogona chete kudzvanya pane "yakakwana" bhatani.
- Mushure meizvozvo, folda inonzi "Whitetown" ichaonekwa pane desktop. Iyo ine zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa mune yakatarwa nzira dzekutendeuka. Vhura iyi folda. Isu tinotanga kuoneka huwandu hukuru hwezvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisirwa muWe Whitetown package mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekutendeuka. Mune ino kesi, nhungamiro imwe neimwe ine chishandiso chakasiyana che23-bit uye 64-bit windows windows inoshanda. Vhura iyo application nezita "xls to dbf shanduro" inoenderana neyekutsiva kwes yako.
- Iyo XLS kuDBF Converter Chirongwa Chakatangwa. Sezvatinoona, interface yekutaura Chirungu, asi, zvakadaro, inonzwisiswa pachena.
Iyo "Input" tab inokwanisika kuvhurika. Yakagadzirirwa kuti utaure chinhu kushandura. Kuita izvi, tinya pane "Wedzera" bhatani.
- Mushure meizvozvo, hwindo rakajairwa rekuwedzera chinhu vanovhura. Izvo zvinoda kuenda kune dhairekitori uko bhuku reExcel bhuku raunoda rinotumirwa neiyo XLS kana XLLSX yekuwedzera. Mushure mekunge chinhu chataurwa, kugovera zita rayo uye tinya pane "Vhura" bhatani.
- Sezvauri kuona, saka nzira yekuchiva chinhu inoratidzwa mu "yekuisa" tab. Dzvanya pane "inotevera" kiyi ("inotevera").
- Mushure meizvozvo, isu tinosimuka otomatiki kune yechipiri yekubuda tab ("kubuda"). Pano iwe unofanirwa kudoma kuti ndeipi dhairekitori icharatidzwa chinhu chakapera uye chekuwedzera kweDBF. Kuti usarudze iyo folda yekuchengetedza iyo yapera DBF faira, tinya pane "Blawse ..." bhatani ("maonero". Chinyorwa chidiki chechipiri sarudza faira mapepa anovhura ("Sarudza faira") uye "Sarudza folda" ("Sarudza folda"). Muchokwadi, izvi zvinhu zvinongoreva kusarudza kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzeNavigation Windows kuti utaure iyo yekuchengetedza folda. Isu tinoita sarudzo.
- Muchiitiko chekutanga, ichave iyo nguva yakajairwa "chengetedza sa ...". Icharatidza zvese mafolda uye atove zviripo zvinhu zve dbase. Enda kune dhairekitori kwatinoshuvira kuponesa. Tevere, mu "Faira zita" munda, unotaura zita racho ratinoshuvira kuti rive chinhu mushure mekutendeuka. Mushure meizvozvo, tinya pane "Sevha" bhatani.
Kana iwe ukasarudza iyo "Sarudza folda" sarudzo, saka yakareruka dhairekodhi yekusarudza hwindo rinovhura. Zvinongoratidza mafolda. Sarudza iyo folda yekuchengetedza uye kudzvanya iyo "OK" bhatani.
- Sezvauri kuona, mushure meimwe zviito izvi, iyo nzira yekufambisa yekuchengetedza chinhu icharatidzwa mune yekubuda kunze tab. Kuti uende kune inotevera tab, tinya pane kiyi "inotevera" ("inotevera").
- Mune yekupedzisira tab "sarudzo" ("paramende"), kune akawanda marongero, asi mazhinji ese anofarira "mhando yeminda memo" ("memo yemumunda"). Dzvanya pane iyo munda umo iyo default ndeye "auto" kuisirwa ("auto"). Rondedzero yemhando dzeDBAS yakazaruka kuchengetedza chinhu. Iyi paramende yakakosha kwazvo, sezvo isiri mapurogiramu ese ari kumhanya naDbase anokwanisa kugadzirisa ese marudzi ezvinhu neiyi kuwedzera. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kuziva pachine nguva kuti chii mhando yekusarudza. Iko kusarudzwa kwemhando nhanhatu dzakasiyana:
- Dbase iii;
- Foxpro;
- Dbase iv;
- Visual Foxpro;
- > SMT;
- Dbase level 7.
Isu tinoita sarudzo yerimwe mhando inodiwa kuti ishandiswe mune chaiyo chirongwa.
- Mushure mekusarudza kuitwa, iwe unogona kutamira kune iyo yekutendeuka kwekushandura maitiro. Kuti uite izvi, tinya "Kutanga" bhatani ("Kutanga").
- Maitiro ekutendeuka anotangwa. Kana bhuku racho rakanyanyisa riine mashitsi akati wandei nedata, saka faira rakaparadzana reDBF rinozoitirwa yega yega. Kupedzisa kwekushandurwa kwekutendeuka kuchaonekwa neiyo girini yekufambira mberi chiratidzo. Mushure mokunge zvasvika kumagumo emunda, tinya "Pedzisa" bhatani ("pedza").
Gwaro rakapera rinowanikwa mune dhairekitori rakatsanangurwa muTabu yekubuda.
Izvo chete zvakakanganisika zvakashata nzira uchishandisa whitetown Converter pack Utility package ndiyo chete shanduko dzekushandurwa makumi matatu dzinogona kuitirwa mahara, uye ipapo iwe unofanirwa kutenga rezinesi.
Nzira 2: XLSTODBF kuwedzera-mukati
Shandura Bhuku Excel muDbase zvakananga kuburikidza neiyo application interface, unogona kushandisa kuiswa kwechitatu-bato yekuwedzera-oons. Imwe yeakanakisa uye zvakanyanya nyore kwavari ndeye XLSTODBF kuwedzera-mukati. Funga nezve algorithm yekushandisa kwayo.
Dhawunirodha XLSTODBF kuwedzera-mukati
- Mushure mekuchengetwa kwe xlsodbf.7z kudhonzwa neiyo yekuwedzera-mukati, kuburitsa chinhu chinonzi xlsbf.xla. Sezvo iyo Archive ine yekuwedzera kwe7z, ipapo kusunungurwa kunogona kutakurwa nechirongwa chakajairika cheiyi 7-zip kuwedzera, kana nerubatsiro rweimwe its inopararira iyo inotsigira ibasa nazvo.
- Mushure meizvozvo, tanga chirongwa cheExcel uye enda kune iyo faira tab. Tevere, fambisa kune "parameter" chikamu kuburikidza nemenyu kuruboshwe rwehwindo.
- Muhwindo rekuvhura reiyo paramita nekudzvanya pane "mashura". Famba uchienda kurudyi rwehwindo. Pazasi payo mune munda "manejimendi". Isu tinogadzirisa iyo switch kune iyo "Excel inowedzera-mu" chinzvimbo mazviri uye tinya pane bhatani "enda ...".
- Iyo diki superstructure yekudzora hwindo rinovhura. Isu tinodzvanya pairi pane "Overview ..." bhatani.
- Window yakavhura chinhu chinotangwa. Isu tinofanirwa kuenda kune dhairekitori uko iyo isina kubhadharwa Archive yeXLSTBF iri kuwanikwa. Isu tinoenda kune iyo folda pasi pezita rezita rimwe chete uye kugovera chinhu nezita "xlsoballbf.xla". Mushure meizvozvo, tinya pane "OK" bhatani.
- Tobva tadzokera kuSuperstructure Control Window. Sezvauri kuona, zita rekuti "XLS -> DBF" rakaonekwa mune rondedzero. Uku ndiko kurongeka kwedu. Pedyo naye vanofanira kunge vari tick. Kana pasina cheki chiratidzo, saka tinoisa, uye tinya bhatani re "OK".
- Saka, wedzera-iri riri iiswe. Zvino kuzarura Excel gwaro, Data izvo zvaunoda kuchiKristu dbase, kana kungoti zvibodzwa pamusoro pepa kana gwaro haisati zvakasikwa.
- Zvino tichada kuita zvimwe manipulations pamwe mashoko kuvagadzirira kutendeuka. Chokutanga, wedzera mitsetse miviri pamusoro tafura chivharo. Vanofanira kuva wokutanga pamusoro jira uye vane zvinhu pamusoro kutwasuka rinoronga Panel "1" uye "2".
Muchitokisi rokumusoro rworuboshwe, vanopinda zita tinoda kuvapa DBF faira akasikwa kubudikidza DBF faira. Inoitwa zvikamu zviviri: mazita zita uye kuwedzera. Latin chete anobvumirwa. Muenzaniso zita kudaro riri "uchastok.dbf".
- Muchitokisi vokutanga kurudyi zita unofanira kutaridzwa yeEncoding. Pane vaviri nzira kuti yeEncoding vachishandisa superstructure ichi: CP866 uye CP1251. Kana B2 Sero chinhu kana rinoisa chero kukosha kunze "CP866", iro CP1251 yeEncoding richashandiswa default. Tinoisa yeEncoding kuti isu kuti zvakakodzera kana kusiya munda maturo.
- Next, enda kune inotevera mutsetse. Chokwadi ndechokuti zviri DBASE mamiriro, mumwe mbiru, yainzi munda, une yayo mhando mashoko. Kune mazita avo:
- N (Numeric) - Numeric;
- L (Kukurukurwa) - musoro;
- D (Date) - musi;
- C (Character) - tambo.
Mukuwedzera, muna tambo (CNNN) uye Numeric mhando (NNN) pashure zita muchimiro tsamba, kutaridzwa kunonyanyisa nhamba pazvinhu zviri musango. Kana grade zviratidzo anechekuita mune Numeric mhando, zvino nhamba dzavo dzinofanirawo raanotaura mushure pfungwa (nnn.n).
Kune mamwe mashoko mhando mu DBASE pamanyorerwo (dzemari, General, etc.), asi superstructure ichi haaiti basa navo. Zvisinei, Excel 2003 havana kuziva navo, kana iye aitsigirawo kutendeuka muna DBF.
Akanyanya mhosva yedu, chokutanga munda uchava tambo makubhiti 100 vatambi (C100), uye minda asara ichava Numeric widths 10 vatambi (N10).
- Zvinotevera mutsetse rine mazita munda. Asi chokwadi ndechokuti ivo vanofanirawo kuitwa musi Latin, uye kwete pamusoro Cyrillic, sezvo tine. Uyewo muzita yeminda havabvumirwi dzezvimwe. Rename maererano nemitemo iyi.
- Pashure paizvozvo, kugadzirira Data anogona kunzi pamusoro. We anoratidza cursor pamusoro jira pamwe kuruboshwe rworuboshwe negonzo bhatani pamusoro yose siyana tafura. Zvadaro endai "Developer" Tab. By default, zviri akaremara, saka vasati mamwe manipulations zvaunofanira Activate uye vakwanise macro. Next, pamusoro Ribbon mu "Code" zviruva vanovhara kuburikidza nekudzvanya pamusoro macro kuvake.
Unogona kuita uye zvishoma nyore nokuda achitaipa ari alt + F8 inopisa kiyi mubatanidzwa.
- Macro Window anotanga. Mu "macro zita" munda, isu tinopinda muzita re "XLSTODBF" Yedu XLSTBF " Iyo rejista haina kukosha. Tevere, tinya pane "RUN" bhatani.
- Macro mumashure memashure anoita kugadzirisa. Mushure meizvozvo, mune imwe folda iyo iyo yekutanga Excel faira iri kuwanikwa, chinhu chine kuwedzerwa kweDBF kuchaumbwa nezita rakataurwa muchitokisi cheA1.
Sezvauri kuona, nzira iyi yakawanda yakaomarara kupfuura iyo yapfuura. Mukuwedzera, iyo ishoma nehuwandu hwemhando dzemumunda dzinoshandiswa uye dzakagadzirwa mhando dzezvinhu neDBF kuwedzera. Imwe nzira ndeyekuti iyo Dbee chinhu chechinhu chisikwa chinogona kupihwa chete kusati kwatanga kutendeuka maitiro, nekufamba kwakananga kune iyo yekuenda kune iyo folda yeSosi yeSosi faira. Pakati pezvakanakira nzira iyi, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti, mukusiyana neiyo yapfuura vhezheni, zvakazara zvakasununguka uye zvinenge zvese zvekumanikidza zvinoitwa zvakananga kuburikidza neExel Interface.
Nzira 3: Microsoft Access Chirongwa
Kunyangwe iyo nyowani shanduro uye hapana nzira yekuvakwa yekuchengetedza data muDBF fomati, asi, zvakadaro, iyo sarudzo ichishandisa iyo Microsoft Access application inonyanya kuidaidza kuti Icho chokwadi ndechekuti chirongwa ichi chinoburitswa nemugadziri mumwechete seExcel, uye zvakare zvinopinda muMicrosoft Office package. Uye zvakare, iyi ndiyo sarudzo yakachengeteka, nekuti ichave isiri madikanwa kubata yechitatu-bato software. Microsoft Access yakagadzirirwa chaizvo kushanda nedatabases.
- Mushure mezvose zvinodiwa data iri mubepa muExcel inopinda, kuitira kuti vatendeukire kuDBF fomati, iwe unofanirwa kutanga wachengetedza mune imwe yemafomu ekuwedzera. Kuita izvi, tinya pane iyo icon muchimiro chefloppy diski mukona yekuruboshwe kwekona yepawindo rechirongwa.
- Iyo windows inovhura. Enda kune dhairekitori kwatinoshuvira iyo faira kuti iponeswe. Iyo inobva pane ino folda iyo ichave yakakodzera kuvhura muMicrosoft Access. Iyo mhando yebhuku inogona kusiiwa ne default xlsx, uye inogona kuchinjwa pa xls. Mune ino kesi, izvi hazvisi kutsoropodza, sezvo zvakadaro, isu tinoponesa iyo faira kuti ishandure kuDBF. Mushure mekunge zvese zvigadziriso zvakagadzirwa, tinya pane "Sevha" bhatani uye kuvhara iyo Excel hwindo.
- Kutanga iyo Microsoft Access chirongwa. Enda kune "Faira" tab kana yakavhurwa mune imwe tab. Dzvanya pane yakavhurika menyu chinhu chiri kuruboshwe rwehwindo.
- Iyo faira yakavhurika hwindo rinotanga. Enda kune dhairekitori kwatakachengetedza iyo faira kune imwe yeExcel mafomu. Kuti aratidzwe muhwindo, ronga iyo faira fomati switch ku "Bhuku reExcelX (* .xlsx)" kana "Microsoft Excel (* Mushure mezita refaira raunoda rinoratidzwa, kugovera uye tinya pane "Vhura" bhatani.
- "Kukurukurirana neiyo BreadSheet" Window inovhura. Inokutendera iwe kunyatso fambisa iyo data kubva kune yeExcel faira kuenda kuMicrosoft Access. Isu tinofanirwa kusarudza pepa reExcel, iyo data kubva kwatinozoenda nayo. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti kunyange iyo faira reExcel yaive neruzivo pamashizha akati wandei
Kune zvakare mukana wekupinza ruzivo rwemunhu marefu pamashiti. Asi kwatiri zvatiri hazvidikanwe. Isu tinogadzika chinongedzo kuchinzvimbo "mashitsi", uye o sarudza pepa apo ivo vari kuzotora data. Iko kurongeka kwekuratidzwa kweruzivo kunogona kutariswa pazasi pewindo. Kana zvese zvikagutsa, tinya "Inotevera" bhatani.
- Muwindo rinotevera, kana tafura yako ikave nemusoro, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa bhokisi rakatenderedza chinhu "mutsara wekutanga une musoro wemakona". Wobva wadzvanya "Inotevera" bhatani.
- Muwindo rekukurukurirana idzva, unogona kushandura zita rechinhu chakabatana kana iwe uchida. Wobva wadzvanya "Pedzisa" bhatani.
- Mushure meizvozvo, dialog bhokisi rinovhura mukati maro pachave nemharidzo iyo kusungwa kwetafura neyekupedzisira faira yakakwana. Dzvanya pane "OK" bhatani.
- Kuruboshwe rwechirongwa chechirongwa, zita retafura richaonekwa, izvo zvatakazvigadzirira muhwindo rekupedzisira. Kaviri tinya pairi neyekuruboshwe bhatani bhatani.
- Mushure meizvozvo, tafura ichaonekwa nepahwindo. Isu tinoenda kune iyo "yekunze data" tab.
- Pamutepi muExport chishandiso chivharo nekudzvanya pane zvakanyorwa "sarudzo". Mune rondedzero inovhura, sarudza iyo "DBARE faira" chinhu.
- Export Window kune DBF Fomu inovhura. Mu "Faira zita" munda, unogona kudoma nzvimbo yekuchengetedza faira uye zita rayo, kana izvo zvakatsanangurwa ne default ndezvimwe chikonzero iwe hauna kukodzera.
Mune iyo faira fomati munda, sarudza imwe yemhando nhatu dze dbf fomati:
- Dbase iii (default);
- Dbase iv;
- Dbase 5.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uzive kuti iyo yakawanda fomati yemazuva ano (pamusoro peiyo nhamba yekutevedzana), iyo yakawanda iripo mukana wekugadzirisa data mariri. Ndokunge, pamusoro penzira iyo iyo faira ichakwanisa kuchengetedza ese tafura data. Asi panguva imwe chete, pazasi mukana wekuti chirongwa chauri kuenda kuInterner DBF mune ramangwana zvichaenderana nerudzi urwu.
Mushure mekunge zvese zvigadziriso zvinoratidzwa, tinya pane "OK" bhatani.
- Kana iyo mharidzo yekukanganisa yakaonekwa mushure meizvozvo, edza kutumira data uchishandisa imwe dbf mhando mhando. Kana zvese zvikaita zvakanaka, hwindo rinoonekwa, izvo zvinotaurwa zvinotumirwa kunze zvinobudirira. Dzvanya pane "padyo" bhatani.
Iyo faira yakagadzirwa mune dbee fomati ichave iri mutungamiriri iyo yakatsanangurwa mune yeWindows Window. Tevere, iwe unogona kuburitsa chero hunyanzvi, kusanganisira kuendesa kuKutumira kune mamwe zvirongwa.
Sezvauri kuona, kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti mumhando dzazvino dzeBudiriro, hapana mukana wekuchengetedza mafaera muDBF Izvi zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo inonyanya kushanda shanduko yekushandura ndeyekushandisa iyo Whitetown Converter pack Utility set. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa, huwandu hweshanduko yemahara mukati maro zvishoma. XLSTODBF Suversture inobvumidza iwe kuti ushandure zvachose pachena, asi maitiro acho akaomeserwa. Uye zvakare, iyo inoshanda yeiyi sarudzo ishoma.
Goridhe iri nzira iri kushandisa chirongwa chekupinda. Kufanana neBudiriro ndiko kukura kweMicrosoft, uye saka haugone kuidaidza kuti yechitatu-bato application. Uye zvakare, iyi sarudzo inokutendera kuti ushandure Excel faira mumhando dzinoverengeka dzemhando yeDBASE. Kunyangwe zvichienderana neizvi, iyo yekuwana chiratidzo ichiri yakaderera pane iyo Whitetown purogiramu.