Gushiraho router mikrotik

Routers yo muri societe ya Lativiya Mikrotik ifite umwanya wihariye mubicuruzwa byubu bwoko. Nibyiza ko ubu buhanga bugenewe abanyamwuga kandi bagena neza kandi bagakora inzobere gusa. Kandi igitekerezo nk'iki gifite ishingiro. Ariko igihe kirageze, ibicuruzwa bya mikrotik biratera imbere, kandi software yacyo iragenda irushaho kumvikana no gusobanukirwa numukoresha usanzwe. Kandi supernaviation, Multifunliccality yibi bikoresho afatanije nigiciro cyumvikana, ashyira imbaraga zo kwiga igenamiterere ryayo ingaruka zihagije.

Rouuteros - Ibikoresho bya Mikrotik Sisitemu

Ikintu cyihariye cya routers ya microtic nuko ibikorwa byabo bikorwa bitagenzuwe gusa, ahubwo ukoresheje sisitemu y'imikorere yitwa Rouuteros. Iyi ni sisitemu yo gukora yuzuye yakozwe kuri platifomu ya linux. Ibi nibyo rwose bitera abakoresha benshi baturutse muri mikorobe zemeza ko bazabibahiriza - nikintu gitangaje. Ariko kurundi ruhande, kuba hari gahunda nkiyi y'imikorere ifite inyungu zidasanzwe:

• Ibikoresho byose bya Mikrotik byashyizweho muburyo bumwe, nkuko bakoresha OS imwe;
• Roueros igufasha gushiraho router yoroheje cyane kandi yongereye nkumukoresha ukeneye. Nincure urashobora gushiraho hafi ya byose!
• Rouuteros irashobora gushyirwaho kubuntu kuri PC ikayihindura muriyi nzira muri router yuzuye hamwe nimikorere yuzuye.

Amahirwe atanga umukoresha sisitemu y'imikorere ya microtitike ni yagutse cyane. Kubwibyo, igihe cyakoreshejwe ku myigire yacyo ntikizakoreshwa nubusa.

Guhuza inzira zuburyo kandi bwibanze kugirango ubishyireho

Guhuza Mikrotik Router kubikoresho bimaze gukorwa, ni bisanzwe. Umugozi uva mutanga ugomba guhuzwa nicyambu cya mbere cya router, kandi binyuze mubindi byambu kugirango ubihuze na mudasobwa cyangwa mudasobwa igendanwa. Gushiraho birashobora gukorwa binyuze muri Wi-Fi. Ingingo yo kwinjira irakora icyarimwe hamwe no guhindukira kubikoresho kandi birakinguye byuzuye. Ntawabura kuvuga ko mudasobwa igomba kuba mumwanya umwe hamwe na router cyangwa ifite imiterere yumuyoboro utanga inyemezabuguzi yikora ya aderesi ya IP na aderesi ya DNS.

Umaze gukora aya mashini yoroshye, ugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:

1. Koresha Browser hanyuma wandike 192.168.88.1 muri aderesi ya Addy

   

2. Mu idirishya rifungura, hitamo uburyo bwo gushiraho router ukanze ku gishushanyo cy'imbeba.

   

Ikintu cya nyuma gisaba ibisobanuro birambuye. Nkuko bigaragara kuri ecran, router ya microtic irashobora gushyirwaho muburyo butatu:

• Winbox nigikorwa cyihariye cyo kugena ibikoresho bya Mikrotik. Agashusho kabuza umurongo wo gukuramo. Ubu bushobozi bushobora kuvanwa kurubuga rwabakora;
• Webfig - tincture ya router muri mushakisha. Iyi mikorere yagaragaye vuba aha. Urubuga rwa Webfig rusa cyane na winbox, ariko abaterankunga bizeza ko ubushobozi bwayo bugumaho;
• Telnet - Gushiraho ukoresheje umurongo. Ubu buryo burakwiriye kubakoresha bateye imbere kandi muburyo burambuye muri iyo ngingo ntibizasuzumwa.

Kugeza ubu, abaterankunga bakora intego yo kwibanda ku ntebe ya Webfig yatanzwe numukoresha usanzwe. Kubwibyo, muri nyuma ya roices ya routeros, idirishya ritangiriye rishobora kugaragara nkibi:

Kandi kuva mumiterere yuruganda kugirango winjireho ijambo ryibanga ryerekeye urubuga, nta jambo ryibanga, noneho umukoresha arashobora guhita ashyikirizwa urupapuro rwa Igenamiterere rya Webfig. Nyamara, abahanga benshi baracyakomeza gukorana na Winbox hanyuma bakabitekereza muburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho ibikoresho bya microtic. Kubwibyo, izindi ngero zizashingira kumurongo wiyi nyungu.

Gushiraho ibipimo byibanze bya router

Igenamiterere kuri microtique ya microtique nyinshi, ariko kugirango ikore imirimo yingenzi, birahagije kumenya kimwe nyamukuru. Kubwibyo, umuntu ntagomba gutinya ubwinshi bwibitabo, ibice n'ibipimo. Ibisobanuro birambuye aho birashobora kwigwa nyuma. Kandi ubanza ukeneye kwiga uburyo bwo gukora igenamiterere ryibanze ryigikoresho. Soma byinshi kuri ibi bikurikira.

Ihuze na router ukoresheje winbox

Winbox yingirakamaro, ibikoresho bya mikrotik byashyizweho, ni exe ikorwa na dosiye. Ntabwo bisaba kwishyiriraho no kwitegura gukora ako kanya nyuma yo gukuramo. Mu ntangiriro, ibikorwa byagenewe gukorera muri Windows, ariko imyitozo yerekana ko ikora neza kuri platifomu ya Linux kuva munsi ya divayi.

Nyuma yo gufungura winox, idirishya ryayo rifungura. Ngaho ugomba kwinjiza aderesi ya IP ya Router, kwinjira (bisanzwe - admin) hanyuma ukande kuri "guhuza".

Niba udashobora guhuza ukoresheje aderesi ya IP, cyangwa ntikiramenyekana - ntacyo bitwaye. Winbox itanga umukoresha ufite ubushobozi bwo guhuza router na aderesi ya MAC. Kuri ibyo ukeneye:

1. Munsi yidirishya jya kuri tab yabaturanyi.
2. Porogaramu izasesengura amasano kandi izasanga adresse ya mac igikoresho cya microtic ihujwe, kizerekanwa hepfo.
3. Nyuma yibyo, ukeneye kubanza gukanda, hanyuma, nko mu rubanza rwabanje, kanda kuri "Guhuza".

Kwihuza kuri router bizashyirwa mubikorwa kandi umukoresha azashobora gukomeza iboneza ryayo.

Gushiraho vuba

Nyuma yo kwinjira muri router igenamiterere ukoresheje winbox idirishya, idirishya risanzwe rya mikrotik rifungura mbere yumukoresha. Yatumiwe kubisiba cyangwa ngo asige. Niba ukeneye gushiraho router byihuse bishoboka - ugomba kuva mu iboneza uruganda nta mpinduka ukanze kuri "OK".

Kujya muri igenamiterere ryihuse, ugomba gukora intambwe ebyiri zoroshye:

1. Mu nkingi y'ibumoso, idirishya rya winbox idirishya jya kuri tab vuba.
2. Murutonde rutonyanga mumadirishya rufungura, hitamo uburyo bwa router. Ku bitureba, "inzu yo murugo (aho agera murugo) birakwiriye.

Idirishya ryihuse ririmo igenamiterere ryibanze rya router. Amakuru yose ahujwe nibice kuri wi-fi, internet, lan na vpn. Mubitekerezeho birambuye.

Umuyoboro udafite umugozi

Igenamiterere ryurusobe ruherereye kuruhande rwibumoso rwidirishya. Ibipimo biboneka aho guhindura ni kimwe no kugena ibitsina byundi moderi.

Hano umukoresha akeneye:

• Injiza izina ryawe;
• Kugaragaza imiyoboro inshuro cyangwa uhitemo ibisobanuro byikora;
• Hitamo uburyo bwo muri metile idafite umuyoboro;
• Hitamo igihugu cyawe (bidashoboka);
• Hitamo ubwoko bwa Encryption hanyuma ushireho ijambo ryibanga. Mubisanzwe hitamo WPA2, ariko nibyiza kwibutsa ubwoko bwose murubanza, mugihe ibikoresho mumuyoboro bitabishyigikiye.

Hafi ya byose igenamiterere bikorwa muguhitamo kurutonde cyangwa kugenzura kuri cheque, bityo ntibikenewe guhimba ikintu.

Interineti

Igenamiterere rya interineti riherereye hejuru hejuru yidirishya ryihuse. Umukoresha ahabwa 3 muburyo bwabo, bitewe n'ubwoko bwo guhuza bwakoreshejwe nuwatanze:

1. DHCP. Mubiboneza uruganda, birahari byanze bikunze, bityo ntugomba guhindura ikintu cyose. Keretse niba ukeneye kugenzura aderesi ya Mac niba utanga ikoresha kubuza.

   

2. IP-Aderesi. Hano ugomba gukora ibipimo byakiriwe nabatanga intoki.

   

3. Rpry-guhuza. Hano uzagomba kandi kwinjira mukoresha izina ryibanga nijambobanga, kimwe no kuzana izina ryimikorere yawe. Nyuma yibyo, ugomba gukanda kuri "reconect", kandi niba ibipimo bikozwe neza, igenamiterere ryihuza rizagaragazwa mu murima ukurikira.

Nkuko tubibona, ntakintu kigoye guhindura ibipimo byimirongo ya interineti muri microtic router.

Umuyoboro waho

Ako kanya munsi yigenamiterere mumiyoboro yihuse yo gushiraho hari iboneza ryaho. Hano urashobora guhindura aderesi ya IP ya Router hanyuma ugene Seriveri ya DHCP.

Kugirango interineti ikora neza, irakenewe kandi kwemerera Nat Raporo, kugenzura agasanduku gahuye.

Ubundi guhindura ibipimo byose mumadirishya byihuse, kanda kuri buto "Koresha". Ihuza kuri router rizavunika. Ongera utangire mudasobwa yawe cyangwa uhagarike gusa, hanyuma ufungure umurongo wongeye guhuza urusobe. Ibintu byose bigomba kubona.

Gushiraho ijambo ryibanga ryumuyobozi

Muburyo bwuruganda rwa router mikrotik ijambo ryibanga ryabuze. Mureke muri iyi leta ntibishoboka mu buryo bushoboka kubwimpamvu z'umutekano. Kubwibyo, mukuzuza imiterere yibanze yikikoresho, ugomba kwinjiza ijambo ryibanga. Kuri ibi:

1. Mu nkingi y'ibumoso ya winbox idirishya, fungura "sisitemu" hanyuma ujye kubakoresha "abakoresha".

   

2. Kurutonde rwabakoresha rufungura, kanda inshuro ebyiri fungura imitungo ya admin.

   

3. Jya kumyandikire ukoresha kugirango ukande ku ijambo ryibanga.

   

4. Shiraho ijambo ryibanga ryumuyobozi, wemeze kandi ushyireho impinduka muburyo bwo gukanda kuri "Saba" na "Ok".

   

Ibi byuzuye kugirango ushyire ijambo ryibanga. Nibiba ngombwa, mubice bimwe, urashobora kongera abandi bakoresha cyangwa amatsinda yabakoresha bafite urwego rutandukanye rwo kugera kuri router.

Intoki

Kugena mikoro ya router muburyo bwintoki busaba umukoresha ubumenyi no kwihangana, kubera ko bizagomba gutangiza ibipimo byinshi bitandukanye. Ariko inyungu idashidikanywaho yubu buryo nubushobozi bwo gushiraho router nkibishoboka, kuzirikana ibyo ukeneye. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka zinyuranye zikazi zizaba kwagura ubumenyi bwumukoresha murwego rwikoranabuhanga ryurusobe, rishobora no guterwa nibihe byiza.

Kuraho iboneza uruganda

Gusiba uburyo busanzwe bwa router nintambwe yambere ivamo igenamiterere ryayo ritangira. Ugomba gusa gukanda kuri "Kuraho" mumadirishya kugaragara mugihe igikoresho cyatangiye bwa mbere.

Niba idirishya ritagaragara - bivuze ko router yamaze guhuzwa mbere. Ibintu bimwe bizaba mugihe ushyiraho igikoresho cyakoreshejwe, wasubije undi muyoboro. Muri uru rubanza, iboneza ririho rigomba gukurwaho nkibi bikurikira:

1. Muri winbox, jya muri "sisitemu" hanyuma uhitemo "gusubiramo iboneza" uhereye kurutonde rwamanutse.

   

2. Mu idirishya rigaragara, Shyira ahagaragara "kugenzura agasanduku hanyuma ukande kuri buto yo gusubiramo.

   

Nyuma yibyo, router izongera gutangira kandi izaba yiteguye kubiryosha. Birasabwa guhita uhindura izina ryumuyobozi hanyuma ushireho ijambo ryibanga muburyo bwasobanuwe mugice kibanziriza iki.

Hindura izina

Kimwe mu bintu byo gushiraho imiyoboro ya microtic, benshi babona ko ari amazina ya monotous yibyambu byayo. Urashobora kubabona muri "Interface Winbox" igice:

Mburabuzi, imikorere ya Wan Wan mubikoresho bya Mikrotik ikora Ether1. Ibisigaye byibanze ni ibyambu bya lan. Kutatirana nibisobanuro, urashobora guhindura izina rimenyereye umukoresha. Ibi bizakenera:

1. Kanda inshuro ebyiri izina ryicyambu gifungura imitungo yayo.

   

2. Mumwanya wa "Izina", andika izina ryicyambu wifuza hanyuma ukande "OK".

   

Ibyambu bisigaye birashobora guhindurwa Lan cyangwa ibumoso bidahindutse. Niba umukoresha atarakaza amazina asanzwe, urashobora guhindura ikintu cyose. Ubu buryo ntabwo bugira ingaruka kubikorwa byigikoresho kandi birashoboka.

Kugena Internet

Shiraho ihuriro kumurongo wisi yose ifite amahitamo yayo. Byose biterwa n'ubwoko bwo guhuza utanga. Suzuma ibi muburyo burambuye.

DHCP.

Ubu bwoko bwo gushiraho ni bworoshye. Birahagije kugirango ukore umukiriya mushya wa DHCP. Kuri ibi:

1. Mu gice cya "IP", jya kuri "DHCP Umukiriya".

   

2. Kora umukiriya mushya ukanze kuri plus mumadirishya agaragara. Byongeye kandi, ntukeneye guhinduka, birahagije gukanda "OK".

   

• "Koresha Urungano DNS" bivuze ko seriveri ya DNS kuva uwatanze azakoreshwa.
• Koresha ibipimo byurungano nTp ishinzwe gukoresha igihe cyo guhuza igihe utanga.
• Agaciro ka "Yego" muri Ongeramo urwego rusanzwe rwerekana ko iyi nzira izongerwa kumeza kandi ishyira imbere abasigaye.

Guhuza IP ihagaze

Muri iki kibazo, utanga akeneye mbere - yakiriye ibipimo byose bikenewe. Noneho ugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:

1. Injira muri "IP" - "aragushinga" kandi agashyikiriza IP isabwa ku cyambu cya Wan.

   

2. Jya kuri "Inzira" hanyuma wongere inzira isanzwe.

   

3. Ongeraho aderesi ya seriveri ya DNS.

   

Kuri iyi miterere irangiye.

Ipongo isaba uruhushya

Niba utanga ikoresha PPUre cyangwa L2TP ihuza, igenamiterere rikorwa muri "RDP" ibbox ya Winbox. Kujya muri iki gice, ugomba gukora ibikorwa bikurikira:

1. Kanda kuri Plus, hitamo ubwoko bwawe bwo guhuza urutonde (urugero, RPRO).

   

2. Mu idirishya rifungura, andika izina ryawe bwite ryahujwe ryakozwe (bidashoboka).

   

3. Jya kuri tab "dial" hanyuma wandike kwinjira hamwe nijambobanga ryakiriwe nuwatanze. Indangagaciro za Ibipimo zisigaye zimaze gusobanurwa haruguru.

   

Kugena imiyoboro ya L2TP hamwe na PRTR bibaho muri kimwe. Itandukaniro gusa nuko kuri tab ya "Dial", hari inyongera "ihuriro", aho ushaka kwinjiza aderesi ya seriveri ya VPN.

Niba utanga ikoresha guhuza aderesi ya MAC

Muri ibi bihe, ugomba guhindura icyambu cya Wan kuri Uwo asabwa. Ibikoresho bya micro, ibi birashobora gukorwa gusa kumurongo. Ibi bikorwa nkibi:

1. Muri winbox, hitamo menu "imiterere mishya" hanyuma ukande "Enter" nyuma yo gufungura umukoro.

   

2. Injira itegeko / Imigaragarire Ethernet Set Wan Mac-Aderesi = 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00: 00
3. Jya mu gice cya "Interfaces", fungura imitungo ya Wan Garface kandi urebe neza ko aderesi ya Mac yahindutse.

   

Kuri ibi, iboneza rya interineti rirangiye, ariko abakiriya bo murugo ntibashobora kubikoresha kugeza umuyoboro waho washyizweho.

Gushiraho umuyoboro udafite umugozi

Urashobora gushiraho umuyoboro wawe utagira umugozi kuri mikrotik router ukanze igice cya "Wireless". Kimwe nigice cyimikino, urutonde rwimikorere idafite umugozi ifite izina rya WLAN (bitewe na moderi ya router, hashobora kuba imwe cyangwa nyinshi).

Igenamiterere ni ibi bikurikira:

1. Umwirondoro wumutekano wakozwe kubwimikorere yayo idafite umugozi. Kugirango ukore ibi, ugomba kujya kuri tab ikwiye hanyuma ukande kuri plus mu mbonerahamwe idafite ubwenge. Mu idirishya rifungura, risigaye kwinjira ijambo ryibanga rya Wi-fi kandi rishyiraho ubwoko bukenewe.

   

2. Ibikurikira, gukanda inshuro ebyiri izina rya interineti idafite umugozi, imitungo yacyo irakinguwe kandi hatangwa neza kuri tab idafite umugozi.

   

Ibipimo byanditse kuri ecran birahagije kubikorwa bisanzwe byurusobe rusi.

Umuyoboro waho

Nyuma yo gusiba uruganda rwicyambu cya LAN hamwe na Wi-Fi Module ya Router akomeza kuba. Kugirango duhana urubyaro hagati yabo, ugomba kubahuza mu kiraro. Urukurikirane rw'ibice byakozwe ni:

1. Jya kuri "ikiraro" no gukora ikiraro gishya.

   

2. Shinga aderesi ya IP ku kiraro cyaremwe.

   

3. Shinga ikiraro cya DHCP cyakozwe kugirango kibe gishobora gukwirakwiza ibikoresho bya aderesi kumurongo. Nibyiza kuriyi ntego kugirango ukoreshe wizard ukanze kuri buto "DHCP SETUP" hanyuma ugahitamo gusa ibipimo bikenewe ukanze kuri "Ibikurikira" kugeza kuri seriveri irangiye.

   

4. Ongeraho imirongo ibirindiro ku kiraro. Kugirango ukore ibi, subira mu gice cya "Bridge", jya kuri tab "ibyambu", hanyuma ukande kuri The Plus, ongeraho ibyambu byifuzwa. Urashobora guhitamo gusa "byose" hanyuma wongere ibintu byose ako kanya.

   

Kuri iki gice umuyoboro waho urarangiye.

Ingingo ikubiyemo ingingo nyamukuru gusa za microtique igenamiterere. Ibishoboka ntibishoboka. Ariko izi ntambwe yambere irashobora guhinduka aho utangiriyeho ushobora gutangira kwibira mu isi itangaje yimiyoboro ya mudasobwa.