Abakoresha benshi ba Excel ntibabona itandukaniro riri hagati yimyumvire y 'imiterere ya kagari "n" ubwoko bwa data ". Mubyukuri, ibi biri kure yibitekerezo bimwe, nubwo, birumvikana ko kuvugana. Reka tumenye neza ishingiro ryamakuru, ibyiciro batandukanijwe, nuburyo bwo gukorana nabo.
Gutondekanya Ubwoko bwamakuru
Ubwoko bwamakuru nibiranga amakuru abitswe kurupapuro. Ukurikije ibi biranga, gahunda igena uburyo bwo gukora ibi cyangwa agaciro.Ubwoko bwamakuru bugabanijwemo amatsinda abiri manini: burigihe na formula. Itandukaniro riri hagati yabo nuko formula zerekana muri selire, ishobora gutandukana bitewe nuburyo ingingo ziri mu zindi selile zizahinduka. Buri gihe ni indangagaciro zihoraho zidahinduka.
Na none, burigihe bigabanyijemo amatsinda atanu:
- Inyandiko;
- Amakuru yumubare;
- Itariki nigihe;
- Amakuru yumvikana;
- Indangagaciro.
Turashaka icyo buri bwoko bwamakuru bugereranya byinshi.
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Indangagaciro
Ubwoko bwanditse burimo amakuru yikigereranyo kandi ntabwo afatwa nkikintu cyimibare. Aya makuru ahanini kubakoresha, ntabwo ari gahunda. Inyandiko irashobora kuba inyuguti iyo ari yo yose, harimo imibare niba iteganijwe neza. Mu rurimi rwa Dax, ubu bwoko bwamakuru bivuga indangagaciro nto. Uburebure ntarengwa ni 268435456 inyuguti muri selire imwe.
Kugirango winjireho imvugo, ugomba kwerekana selile yinyandiko cyangwa imiterere isangiwe aho bizabikwa, hamwe numwandiko utaje muri clavier. Niba uburebure bwimyandiko yinyandiko irenze imbibi ziboneka kwa selire, ikwiranye hejuru yicyegeranyo, nubwo ikomeje kubikwa muri selile yumwimerere.
Amakuru yumubare
Imibare yumubare ikoreshwa mugutanga. Hamwe na bo ni bwo Excel ikora ibikorwa bitandukanye by'imibare (inyongera, gukuramo, kugwiza, kugabana, kubaka imizi, nibindi). Ubu bwoko bwamakuru bugenewe gusa kuvugwa gusa, ariko birashobora no kubamo inyuguti zungirije (%, $ et al.). Kubijyanye nayo, urashobora gukoresha ubwoko butandukanye bwimiterere:
- Mubyukuri;
- Ijanisha;
- Amafaranga;
- Amafaranga;
- Agace gato;
- Exponential.
Byongeye kandi, Excel ifite amahirwe yo gutandukana kugirango isohoke, kandi umenye umubare wa nimero nyuma ya koma nyuma ya koma (mumibare igabanuke).
Kwinjiza amakuru yumubare byakozwe muburyo bumwe nkindangagaciro twavuze haruguru.
itariki nigihe
Ubundi bwoko bwamakuru nintambwe nigihe. Ibi nibyo rwose mugihe ubwoko bwamakuru hamwe nimiterere birahurira. Irangwa nukuri ko hamwe nayo, birashoboka kwerekeza kurupapuro no gukora imibare hamwe namatariki nigihe. Birashimishije kubona iyo kubara ubu bwoko bwamakuru bifata umunsi kuri buri gice. Byongeye kandi, ibi ntibireba amatariki gusa, ahubwo ni igihe. Kurugero, 12:30 bifatwa na gahunda, nka 0.52083 iminsi, kandi bimaze kugaragara mukagari muburyo busanzwe.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwo gutunganya igihe:
- h: mm: ss;
- h: mm;
- H: MM: SS AM / PM;
- H: MM AM / PM, nibindi
Ibintu bimeze kimwe n'amatariki:
- Dd.mm.yyyy;
- Dd.mmm
- Mmm.gg n'abandi.
Hariho amatariki hamwe nimiterere yigihe, nka DD: Mm: GGGG H: MM.
Birakenewe kandi gutekereza ko gahunda yerekana ko amatariki agaragaza gusa guhera ku ya 01/01/1900.
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Amakuru yumvikana
Birashimishije cyane nuburyo bwamakuru yumvikana. Ikora ifite indangagaciro ebyiri: "Ukuri" na "kubeshya". Niba waragutse, ibi bisobanura "ibyabaye byaraje" na "ibyabaye ntabwo byananiranye." Imikorere, gutunganya ibiri muri selile zirimo amakuru yumvikana, bitanga umusaruro.
Indangagaciro
Ubwoko butandukanye bwamakuru ni indangagaciro. Mubihe byinshi, biragaragara mugihe ibikorwa bitari byo bikorwa. Kurugero, ibikorwa nkibi bivuga zeru cyangwa gutangiza imikorere utubahirije syntax yayo. Mu ndangagaciro zitari izi zikurikira:
- # Bivuze! - Gushyira ubwoko butari bwo bwo gutongana kubikorwa;
- #Ubucuruzi! - Igabana na 0;
- #Urubero! - amakuru atari yo;
- # N / D - Igisobanuro kitagerwaho cyinjiye;
- #Name? - Izina ry'ikosa muri formula;
- # Ubusa! - Intangiriro itari yo ya aderesi z'imibare;
- #Kusanya! - Bibaho iyo selile ikurwaho, iyaba yavuzwe kuri formula.
Formula
Itsinda rinini ryubwoko bwamakuru ni formula. Bitandukanye buri gihe, akenshi, ntabwo bigaragara mu tugari, ariko kubona ibisubizo bishobora gutandukana, bitewe n'impinduka z'impaka. By'umwihariko, formulaire ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwimibare. Formula ubwayo irashobora kugaragara mumirongo ya formula, igaragaza selile irimo.
Imiterere iteganijwe muri gahunda yo kumenya imvugo, nka formula, ni ukubaho kw'ikimenyetso kuri cyo bingana na (=).
Amabwiriza arashobora kuba arimo ibisobanuro kubindi bigingo, ariko ibi ntabwo aribisabwa.
Ubwoko butandukanye bwa formulaire ni imikorere. Ibi ni subroutine yihariye irimo urutonde rwimpaka kandi idutunganya ukurikije algorithm runaka. Imikorere irashobora gutangwa intoki muri selire, igashyira akamenyetso "=", kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muriyi ntego igikonoshwa cyihariye cyimikorere, kirimo urutonde rwose rwabakora muri gahunda, bagabanijwemo ibyiciro.
Ukoresheje imikorere wizard, urashobora kwimukira mu idirishya ryimpaka ryumukoresha runaka. Imirima yayo iratangizwa cyangwa ihuza selile aya makuru arimo. Nyuma yo gukanda buto "OK", igikorwa runaka kirakorwa.
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Nkuko mubibona, hariho ubwoko bubiri bwamakuru yamakuru muri Excel: burigihe na formulaire. Nabo, bagabanijwemo ubundi bwoko bwinshi. Buri bwoko bwamakuru afite imitungo yayo bwite, uzirikana gahunda yo kubitunganya. Kumenya ubushobozi bwo kumenya no gukora neza hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwamakuru nibintu byihutirwa byumukoresha wese wifuza kwiga gukoresha neza intego yagenewe.