Nigute wakemura sisitemu ya excel

Ubushobozi bwo gukemura gahunda yikigereranyo akenshi ntigishobora kungukirwa gusa no kwiga gusa, ahubwo no mubikorwa. Muri icyo gihe, ntabwo buri mukoresha wa PC azi ko ubuhungiro bufite impinduka zinyamanswa zibisubizo byumurongo. Reka tumenye uburyo gukoresha igitabo cyiyi nyungu kugirango ukore iki gikorwa muburyo butandukanye.

Amahitamo kubisubizo

Ikigereranyo icyo ari cyo cyose gishobora gufatwa nkigisubizo gusa mugihe imizi ye ibonetse. Muri Excel, hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gushakisha imizi. Reka dusuzume buri kimwe muri byo.

Uburyo 1: Uburyo bwa Matrix

Inzira isanzwe yo gukemura sisitemu yibikoresho byo kuringaniza umurongo indabyo nabyo ni ugukoresha uburyo bwa matrix. Igizwe no kubaka matrix yimvugo, hanyuma mugukora matrix. Reka tugerageze gukoresha ubu buryo kugirango dukemure sisitemu ikurikira:

14x1 + 2x2 + 8x4 = 218

7x1-3x2 + 5x3 + 12x4 = 213

5x1 + x2-2x3 + 4x4 = 83

6x1 + 2x2 + x3-3x4 = 21

1. Uzuza imibare ya matrix ari coefficient zingana. Iyi mibare igomba kuba imeze neza, hitaweho aho buri muzi bahurira. Niba umwe mu mizi adahari mu magambo, hanyuma muriki gihe coekerd ifatwa nka zeru. Niba coefifise idashyizweho murwego rwo kugereranya, ariko imizi ihuye irahari, ikekwaho ko coeffic 1. yerekana kumeza yavuyemo nka vector A.



2. Andika urutonde nyuma yikimenyetso "bingana". Turagaragaza izina ryabo nka vector B.



3. Noneho, kugirango ubone imizi yuburinganire, mbere ya byose, dukeneye kubona matrix inenge ihari. Kubwamahirwe, excel ifite umukoresha wihariye, wateguwe kugirango ukemure iki gikorwa. Yitwa Umuringa. Ifite syntax nziza yoroshye:

   = Mebu (array)

   Impaka "array" ni, mubyukuri, aderesi yimbonerahamwe yinkomoko.

   Rero, tugenera agace ka selile zubusa kurupapuro, ubunini bungana nurwego rwa matrix yumwimerere. Kanda kuri buto "Shyira imikorere", uherereye hafi yumurongo wa formula.



4. Imikorere wizard ikora. Jya mucyiciro "imibare". Kurutonde rwa "brass" bisa nkaho mbona urutonde. Nyuma yo kuboneka, turabigaragaza kandi ukande buto "OK".



5. Idirishya ryimikino ritangira. Numurima umwe gusa mubijyanye n'impaka - "array". Hano ukeneye kwerekana aderesi yimeza yacu. Kuri iyi ntego, shyira indanga muriki gice. Noneho shyira buto yimbeba yibumoso hanyuma ugaragaze agace kurupapuro matrix iherereye. Nkuko mubibona, amakuru kuri Aorsonament ahita yinjizwa mumurima widirishya. Nyuma yiki gikorwa kirangiye, biragaragara ko ukanda kuri buto ya "OK", ariko ntugomba kwihuta. Ikigaragara ni uko guhagarika iyi buto bihwanye no gukoresha itegeko ryibinjira. Ariko iyo ukorana na arrays nyuma yo kurangiza ibitekerezo bya formula, ntugomba gukanda kuri buto yinjira, hanyuma ukore ikondo ya CTRL + shift + enter + enter + enter + enter + enter + enter + enter + Kora iki gikorwa.



6. Rero, nyuma yibyo, gahunda ituma ibarwa kandi kubisohoka mukarere mbere yatoranijwe dufite matrix, kugoreka ibi.



7. Noneho tuzakenera kugwiza matrix inseri kuri matrix b, igizwe ninkingi imwe yindangagaciro ziherereye nyuma yikimenyetso "kingana". Kugwiza ameza muri Excele, hariho kandi imikorere itandukanye yitwa Mams. Uyu mukoresha afite syntax ikurikira:

   = Mama (Array1; Array2)

   Turagaragaza intera, mu rubanza rwacu rugizwe na selile enye. Ibikurikira, ongera utangire imikorere yimikorere ukanze igishushanyo cya "Paste".



8. Mu cyiciro cya "imibare", ikora umupfumu w'imikorere, itange izina "mumznom" hanyuma ukande buto "OK".



9. Idirishya ryimikino idirishya rirakorwa. Mu murima "nini1" Tumenyekanisha guhuza Matrix yacu. Kubwibyo, nkigihe cyanyuma, twashizeho indanga mumurima kandi hamwe na buto yimbeba yibumoso, turagaragaza indanga ameza ajyanye. Igikorwa nk'iki gikorwa kugirango gikore muri "massive2", iki gihe cyo gutanga indangagaciro za B. Nyuma y'ibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru byakozwe, na none, ntukihutire guhagarika buto "OK" cyangwa Urufunguzo rwa Enter, hanyuma wandike CTRL + Shift + urufunguzo rwo guhuza Enter.



10. Nyuma yibi bikorwa, imizi yo kugereranya izerekanwa mu kagari kambere: x1, x2, x3 na x4. Bazaba biherereye buri gihe. Rero, turashobora kuvuga ko twakemuye iyi sisitemu. Kugirango ugenzure neza igisubizo, birahagije gusimbuza amakuru kuri sisitemu yumwimerere aho gukoresha imizi ihuye. Niba uburinganire bwubahirijwe, ibi bivuze ko gahunda yubuhagarare ikemuwe neza.

Isomo: Hindura matrix muri excel

Uburyo 2: Guhitamo Ibipimo

Uburyo bwa kabiri buzwi bwo gukemura sisitemu yuburinganire muri Excel ni ugukoreshwa muburyo bwo gutoranya parameter. Ishingiro ryubu buryo nukubona mubinyuranye. Ni ukuvuga, ukurikije ibisubizo, tubyara impaka zitazwi. Reka dukoreshe kare kare kurugero

3x ^ 2 + 4x-132 = 0

1. Fata agaciro ka X uhwanye na 0. Gukina Agaciro gahuye kagaciro F (x) ukoresheje formula ikurikira:

   = 3 * x 2 + 4 * x-132

   Aho kugira ibisobanuro bya "X" dusimbuza aderesi ya selile aho umubare wa 0 wakiriwe natwe kuri X iherereye.



2. Jya kuri tab "data". Twahagaritse ku "gusesengura" bigenda bite niba "." Akabuto gashyizwe kuri kaseti muri "gukorana na datanch Toolbar. Urutonde ruto rufungura. Hitamo umwanya "guhitamo ibipimo ...".



3. Idirishya ryo guhitamo parameter riratangira. Nkuko mubibona, bigizwe nibice bitatu. Muri "gushingwa mu murima", byerekana aderesi y'akagari aho F (X) formula iri, ibarwa natwe kare gato. Mu murima "agaciro", twinjije umubare "0". Muri "guhindura indangagaciro", sobanura aderesi ya selile aho x agaciro kafashwe natwe kuri 0. nyuma yo gukora buto, kanda buto "OK".



4. Nyuma yibyo, Excel azakora kubara ukoresheje guhitamo ibipimo. Ibi bivugwa ko bitanga raporo yamakuru. Bikwiye gukanda kuri buto "OK".



5. Igisubizo cyo kubara umuzi wikigereranyo kizaba kiri mu kagari twashyizweho mumwanya wa "guhindura indangagaciro". Ku bitureba, nkuko tubona, x bizabahwa na 6.

Ibisubizo birashobora kandi kugenzurwa no gusimbuza agaciro mumagambo yakemuye aho kuba x agaciro.

Isomo: Guhitamo ibipimo muri Excel

Uburyo 3: Uburyo bwa Cramer

Noneho reka tugerageze gukemura sisitemu yo kugereranya na clamer. Kurugero, fata sisitemu imwe yakoreshejwe muburyo 1:

14x1 + 2x2 + 8x4 = 218

7x1-3x2 + 5x3 + 12x4 = 213

5x1 + x2-2x3 + 4x4 = 83

6x1 + 2x2 + x3-3x4 = 21

1. Nko muburyo bwa mbere, tukora matrix a kuva kuri coefficient yingana nimbonerahamwe b uhereye kumuranga uhagaze nyuma yikimenyetso "kingana."



2. Ibikurikira, dukora ameza ane. Buri kimwe muri byo ni kopi ya matrix a, gusa muri izo kopi zindi zisimburwa nimbonerahamwe ya B. Imbonerahamwe yambere ninkingi ya mbere, kumeza ya kabiri - etc.



3. Ubu dukeneye kubara abaguzi kuri ameza yose. Sisitemu yuburinganire izagira ibisubizo gusa niba abiyemeje bose bazagira agaciro kitari zeru. Kubara agaciro muri Excel, hari imikorere itandukanye - mopred. Syntax yuyu mukoresha niyi ikurikira:

   = Mopred (array)

   Rero, nkigikorwa cyumuringa, impaka zonyine zivugwa kumeza zitunganywa.

   Noneho, tugaragaza selile aho uwahisemo Matrix yambere azasohoka. Noneho kanda ahanditse "Shyiramo imikorere" kumiterere yabanjirije.



4. Imikorere yinzird idirishya rirakorwa. Duhindukirira icyiciro "imibare" kandi mu rutonde rwabakoresha gutanga "mopred" ngaho. Nyuma yibyo, kanda kuri buto "OK".



5. Imikorere ya Mopred Imikorere Idirishya ritangira. Nkuko mubibona, ifite umurima umwe gusa - "array". Muri uyu murima, andika aderesi ya matrix yambere yahindutse. Kugirango ukore ibi, shyira indanga mumurima, hanyuma uhitemo matrix. Nyuma yibyo, kanda kuri buto "OK". Iyi mikorere yerekana ibisubizo muri kasho imwe, ntabwo ari umurongo, kugirango ubone kubara, ntukeneye kwiyambaza Ctrl + shift + shift + andika urufunguzo.



6. Imikorere ibara ibisubizo kandi ikemure muri selire yabanjirije yatoranijwe. Nkuko tubibona, muritwe ugena angana na -740, ni ukuvuga, ntabwo bingana na zeru, bidukwiriye.



7. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, tuvuga kubara ababigenewe ku zindi mbonerahamwe eshatu.



8. Ku cyiciro cya nyuma, kibarwa no kugena matrix yibanze. Inzira ibera igice kimwe kimwe. Nkuko tubibona, ugena imbonerahamwe yibanze nayo itandukanye na zeru, bivuze ko matrix ifatwa nkuwabana, ni ukuvuga gahunda yibingana.



9. Noneho igihe kirageze cyo kubona imizi yikigereranyo. Imizi yo kuringaniza izangana na gentio yo kugena matrix yahindutse matrix yahinduwe kuri emeza yibanze. Rero, kugabana ubundi buryo bubiri kugena matrices yahinduwe kumubare -148, nicyo cyerekana imbonerahamwe yumwimerere, tubona imizi ine. Nkuko dushobora kubibona, bangana n'indangagaciro 5, 14, 8 na 15. Rero, bahurira neza n'imizi twasanze ukoresheje matrix ya 1, byemeza ko igisubizo cyikigereranyo Sisitemu.

Uburyo 4: Uburyo bwa Gauss

Gukemura gahunda yibingana nabyo birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwa Gauss. Kurugero, dufata sisitemu yoroshye yo kugereranya ibingana na bitatu bitazwi:

14x1 + 2x2 + 8x3 = 110

7x1-3x2 + 5x3 = 32

5x1 + x2-2x3 = 17

1. Na none, byanditse neza coefficient mumeza a, kandi abanyamuryango b'ubuntu biherereye nyuma y "ikimenyetso kimwe" - mu mbonerahamwe B. Ariko iki gihe kizakenerwa gukora ejo hazaza. Imiterere yingenzi nuko muri selile yambere ya matrix agaciro katandukanye na zeru. Mu rubanza rutandukanye, imirongo igomba guhindurwa.



2. Gukoporora umugozi wambere wibice bibiri bihujwe mumurongo hepfo (kugirango usobanuke urashobora gusimbuka umurongo umwe). Muri selile ya mbere, iherereye kumurongo irarenze iyambere, tumenyekanisha formula ikurikira:

   = B8: E8- $ B $ 7: $ E $ 7 * (B8 / $ B $ 7)

   Niba washyize matrice muburyo butandukanye, noneho adresse yingirabuzimafatizo ya formula uzagira andi gaciro, ariko urashobora kubara ugereranya nuburyo buteganijwe hamwe nashusho.

   Nyuma ya formula yinjiye, yerekana urwego rwose rwa selile hanyuma ukande Ctrl + shift + andika urufunguzo. Ikintu gikemura ibibazo kizakoreshwa kumurongo kandi kizuzura indangagaciro. Rero, twabonye umurongo uva kumurongo wa kabiri wa mbere wagwijwe na geiti ya coefficione yabantu ba mbere bagaragaza sisitemu.



3. Nyuma yibyo gukoporora umurongo uvamo hanyuma uyinjire kumurongo uri hepfo.



4. Hitamo imirongo ibiri yambere nyuma yumurongo wabuze. Kanda kuri buto ya "Kopi", iherereye kuri kaseti muri tab ya.



5. Turasimbuka umugozi nyuma yinjira kumpapuro. Hitamo selile yambere kumurongo ukurikira. Kanda buto yimbeba iburyo. Mubisobanuro byanditse byafunguye indanga kumutwe "udasanzwe". Murutonde rwavuzwe haruguru, hitamo umwanya "agaciro".



6. Ku murongo ukurikira tumenyekanisha formula ya array. Bituma bishoboka gukuramo umurongo wa gatatu witsinda ryabanjirije amakuru yumurongo wa kabiri wagwijwe na generafficial ya kabiri yumurongo wa gatatu nuwa kabiri. Ku bitureba, formula izagira ifishi ikurikira:

   = B13: E13- $ B $ 12: $ E $ 12 * (C13 / $ C $ 12)

   Nyuma yo kwinjira kuri formula, tugenera intera yose no gukoresha ctrl + shift + andika urufunguzo.



7. Noneho ugomba gukora inyuma yo gusubira inyuma ukurikije uburyo bwa Gauss. Turasimbuka imirongo itatu uhereye ku cyinjira cya nyuma. Ku murongo wa kane tumenyekanisha formula ya array:

   = B17: E17 / D17

   Rero, dugabanya umugozi uheruka kubarwa natwe kuri coeffificiene yaya gatatu. Nyuma ya formula yanditse, tunorekana umurongo wose tukakika ctrl + shift + enter clavier.



8. Turahaguruka tujya ku mugozi twinjire kumurongo ukurikira wa array muri yo:

   = (B16: E16-B21: E21 * D16) / C16

   Tugabika urufunguzo rusanzwe rwo guhuza inzira ya Array.



9. Kuzamura undi murongo hejuru. Mumumenyekanisha formula yumurongo wuburyo bukurikira:

   = (B15: E15-B20: E20 * C15-B21: E21 * D15) / B15

   Na none, ongera ugabanye umugozi wose ugakoresha Ctrl + shift + andika urufunguzo.



10. Noneho turareba umubare wavanywe mu nkingi yanyuma yumurongo wanyuma wumurongo ubarwa natwe mbere. Iyi mibare ni (4, 7 na 5) niyozo zizaba imizi yiyi gahunda yibizanira. Urashobora kugenzura ibi, ubasimbuze aho kuba x1, x2 na x3 indangagaciro.

Nkuko tubibona, muri Excele, sisitemu yibinyabuzima irashobora gukemurwa nuburyo butandukanye, buri kimwe kifite ibyiza nibibi. Ariko ubwo buryo bwose bushobora kugabanywamo amatsinda abiri manini: Matrix no gukoresha igikoresho cyo gutoranya parameter. Rimwe na rimwe, uburyo bwa matrix ntabwo buri gihe bukwiye gukemura ikibazo. By'umwihariko, iyo agena matrix ari zeru. Mu manza zisigaye, umukoresha ubwayo yategereje guhitamo amahitamo atekereza cyane kuri we.