Uburyo bwo kubaka ikiruhuko - niyo ngingo muri excel

Imwe mu mibare y'ibanze y'ubukungu n'imari y'umushinga iyo ari yo yose ni ugusobanura ibiruhuko byayo - niyo ngingo. Iki kimenyetso cyerekana ko, hamwe nubunini bwumusaruro, ibikorwa byumuryango bizagenda neza kandi ntibizababara. Gahunda ya Excel itanga abakoresha ibikoresho biroroshye cyane gusobanura iki kimenyetso no kwerekana ibisubizo byabonetse muburyo bubi. Reka tumenye uburyo bwo kubikoresha mugihe ubonye ikiruhuko - niyo ngingo kurugero runaka.

Kumena no

Intangiriro yikiruhuko - niyo ngingo ni ugushaka ingano yimisaruro yumusaruro, aho ingano yunguka (igihombo) izaba zeru. Ni ukuvuga, hamwe no kwiyongera mu mibumbe y'umusaruro, isosiyete izatangira kwerekana inyungu z'ibikorwa, kandi bigabanuka - bidaharanira inyungu.

Mugihe kubara ibiruhuko - niyo byaba ari ngombwa kumva ko ibiciro byose byimihango bishobora kugabanywamo burundu kandi bihinduka. Itsinda rya mbere ntiriterwa nubunini bwumusaruro kandi uhoraho. Ibi birashobora kubamo umubare wimishahara kubakozi bayobora, ikiguzi cyo gukodesha, guta agaciro k'umutungo utimukanwa, nibindi Ariko ibiciro bihinduka bishingiye kubicuruzwa byibicuruzwa byakozwe. Ibi, mbere ya byose, bigomba kubamo ikiguzi cyo kubona ibikoresho fatizo hamwe nabatwara ingufu, bityo rero ubu bwoko bwibiciro bufatwa kugirango yerekane igice cyibicuruzwa byakozwe.

Nibipimo byigihe gihoraho kandi gihinduka igitekerezo cyo kuruhuka - niyo ngingo ifitanye isano. Mbere yo kugera kumwanya runaka wumusaruro, ibiciro bihoraho ni amafaranga akomeye mubiciro byose byibicuruzwa, ariko hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi kwabo kugwa, bivuze ko ikiguzi cyigice cyakozwe. Ku rwego rwo kuruhuka - nubwo, ikiguzi cyumusaruro ninjiza bivuye kugurishwa ibicuruzwa cyangwa serivisi bingana. Hamwe no kwiyongera kumusaruro, isosiyete itangira gushaka inyungu. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane kumenya ingano yumusaruro utaravamo - niyo ngingo igerwaho.

Kubara kumena - niyo ngingo

Kubara iki kimenyetso ukoresheje ibikoresho bya gahunda ya Excel, kimwe no kubaka igishushanyo uzavuga kuruhuka, niyo ngingo. Kugirango dukore kubara, tuzakoresha ameza aho amakuru yambere yumushinga agaragazwa:

• Amafaranga ahoraho;
• Amafaranga ahinduka kuri buri gice cyumusaruro;
• Gushyira mu bikorwa ibiciro.

Noneho, tuzabara amakuru dushingiye ku ndangagaciro zerekanwe mumeza yishusho hepfo.

1. Kubaka imbonerahamwe nshya ishingiye kumeza yinkomoko. Inkingi yambere yimbonerahamwe nshya ni umubare wibicuruzwa (cyangwa ibirori) byakorewe na Enterprises. Ni ukuvuga, nimero yumurongo izerekana umubare wibicuruzwa byakozwe. Mu nkingi ya kabiri hari ubunini bwo guhoraho. Bizaba 25.000 mumirongo rusange mumurongo wose. Mu nkingi ya gatatu - umubare wuzuye wamafaranga ahinduka. Agaciro kuri buri murongo kizaba kingana numubare wibicuruzwa, ni ukuvuga ibikubiye mu kagari gahuye ninkingi yinkingi ya mbere, kumafaranga 2000.

   Mu nkingi ya kane hari umubare wuzuye. Numubare wa selile yumurongo uhuye ninkingi ya kabiri n'iya gatatu. Mu nkingi ya gatanu hari amafaranga yinjiza yose. Irabarwa no kugwiza igiciro cyigice cyibicuruzwa (4500 p.) Kumafaranga rusange, agaragazwa mumurongo uhuye ninkingi ya mbere. Mu nkingi ya gatandatu hariho ibipimo ngenderwaho. Irabarwa no gukuramo amafaranga rusange (inkingi 5) amafaranga yahagaritswe (inkingi ya 4).

   Ni ukuvuga, muri iyo mirongo iri mumirongo ibiri yinkingi yanyuma izaba ifite agaciro kabi, igihombo cyibanze kigaragara, aho ibipimo biboneka, aho ibipimo bizaba 0 - kurengana, ndetse no muriyo bizaba byiza - inyungu irangwa mubikorwa byumuryango.

   Kuburyo busobanutse, buzuza imirongo 16. Inkingi yambere izaba umubare wibicuruzwa (cyangwa ibirori) kuva 1 kugeza 16. Inkingi ya nyuma yuzuyemo algorithm yavuzwe haruguru.



2. Nkuko mubibona, kuruhuka - niyo ngingo igerwaho kubicuruzwa 10. Icyo gihe ni bwo amafaranga yinjiza (amafaranga 45.000) angana n'amafaranga yo guhuriza hamwe, kandi inyungu rusange ni 0. bimaze gutangira kurekurwa n'ibicuruzwa bya cumi na rimwe, isosiyete yerekana ibikorwa byunguka. Rero, muri iki kibazo, kumena, ndetse nimwe mubipimo byinshi ni ibice 10, kandi mumafaranga - amafaranga 45,000.

Gukora igishushanyo

Nyuma yimbonerahamwe iremwa aho ibiruhuko bibarwa, niyo ngingo ibarwa, urashobora gukora imbonerahamwe aho ubu buryo buzerekanwa muburyo bugaragara. Kugira ngo dukore ibi, tugomba kubaka igishushanyo n'imirongo ibiri byerekana ibiciro n'amafaranga yinjira. Ku mirongo yiyi mirongo ibiri kandi hazabaho kuruhuka - niyo ngingo. Kuri x axis yiyi diagram, umubare wibicuruzwa uzaba uherereye, kandi muri y axis y insanganyamatsiko.

1. Jya kuri tab "shyiramo". Kanda ahanditse "Ikibanza", ushyirwa kuri kaseti muri "imbonerahamwe yerekana". Dufite amahitamo yubwoko bwinshi bwibishushanyo. Kugira ngo ikibazo cyacu, ubwoko "bwagaragaye hamwe n'imirongo yoroshye n'ibimenyetso" birakwiriye, kanda kuri iki kintu cy'urutonde. Nubwo, niba ubishaka, urashobora gukoresha ubundi bwoko bwibishushanyo.



2. Mbere yuko tuzungura ahantu hadahuje imbonerahamwe. Ugomba kuzuza amakuru. Kugirango ukore ibi, kanda buto yimbeba iburyo hafi yakarere. Muri menu ikora, hitamo "Hitamo amakuru ..." umwanya.



3. Idirishya ryo gutoranya amakuru ryatangijwe. Mu gice cyibumoso hari aho bihagarika "imigani (urwego)". Kanda kuri buto ya "Ongeraho", ushyirwa mubice byagenwe.



4. Dufite idirishya ryitwa "guhindura umurongo". Muri yo, tugomba kwerekana imirongo yo gushyira amakuru kuri imwe mubishushanyo izubakwa. Gutangira, tuzubaka gahunda aho ikiguzi cyose kizagaragara. Kubwibyo, mumurima "izina", winjiza "ibiciro rusange" byafashwe kuri clavier.

   Muri "X Agaciro", vuga amakuru ahuza amakuru aherereye muri "Umubare wibicuruzwa". Kugirango ukore ibi, shyira indanga muriki gice, hanyuma utanga clip ya buto yimbeba yibumoso, hitamo inkingi ijyanye nimbonerahamwe kurupapuro. Nkuko dushobora kubibona, nyuma yibi bikorwa, imigani yayo izerekanwa mumadirishya yo guhindura umurongo.

   Mu rwego rukurikira "V indangagaciro", erekana "ikiguzi cyose" aderesi yinkingi, aho amakuru dukeneye. Dukora kuri algorithm yavuzwe haruguru: Dushyira indanga mumurima kandi tugagaragaza selile yinkingi dukeneye hamwe nimboga yimbeba. Amakuru azerekanwa mumurima.

   Nyuma ya manipulation yagenwe yarakozwe, kanda kuri buto ya "OK", shyirwa mugice cyo hepfo yidirishya.



5. Nyuma yibyo, ihita igaruka kumadirishya yo guhitamo amakuru. Ikeneye kandi gukanda kuri buto "OK".



6. Nkuko mubibona, ukurikira iyi, gahunda yikiguzi cyose cyumushinga uzagaragara kurupapuro.



7. Noneho tugomba kubaka umurongo winjiza rusange yinzego. Kuri izo ntego, hamwe na buto yimbeba iburyo kubishushanyo, bimaze kubamo umurongo wigiciro rusange cyumuryango. Muri menu, hitamo "guhitamo amakuru ..." umwanya.



8. Idirishya ryo guhitamo isoko yamakuru yongeye gushaka gukanda kuri buto yongeramo buto.



9. Idirishya rito ryo guhindura urukurikirane rufungura. Muri "izina rya" umurongo "muri iki gihe twanditse" amafaranga asanzwe ".

   Muri "Agaciro X", imirongo yinkingi "umubare wibicuruzwa" igomba gukorwa. Turabikora nkuko twabitekereje mugihe twubaka umurongo wibiciro byose.

   Muri "V indangagaciro", byerekana neza imirongo yinkingi "yinjiza yose yinjiza.

   Nyuma yo gukora ibi bikorwa, tukanda kuri buto "OK".



10. Funga idirishya ryo gutoranya isoko ukanda buto "OK".



11. Nyuma yibyo, umurongo rusange winjiza uzagaragara ku indege. Nibintu byo guhuriza hamwe imirongo yinjiza rusange nibiciro byose bizaba ikiruhuko - niyo ngingo.

Rero, twageze ku ntego zo gukora iyi gahunda.

Isomo: Uburyo bwo gukora imbonerahamwe mu buhungiro

Nkuko mubibona, kubona ikiruhuko - niyo ngingo ishingiye ku kwerekana umubare wibicuruzwa byakozwe, aho amafaranga yose azaba angana ninjiza rusange. Ibi bigaragarira neza mukubaka ibiciro nimirongo yinjiza, kandi mugushakisha ingingo yabo, bizaba ikiruhuko - nubwo. Gukora iyo mibare nibyingenzi mugutegura no gutegura ibikorwa byimishinga iyo ari yo yose.