Nigute ushobora gukora umurongo mu buhungiro

Ihuza nimwe mubikoresho byingenzi mugihe ukorera Microsoft Excel. Nibice byingenzi bya formulaire ikoreshwa muri gahunda. Ubundi muribo bukorera kujya mu zindi nyandiko cyangwa n'umutungo kuri interineti. Reka tumenye uburyo bwo gukora ubwoko butandukanye bwo kuvuga.

Gukora ubwoko butandukanye bwihuza

Ako kanya, twakagombye kumenya ko imvugo zose zivuga zishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri binini: bigamije kubara nkigice cya formulaire, imikorere, ibindi bikoresho hamwe nabakozi kujya mubintu byagenwe. Iyanyuma iracyitwa hyperlinks. Mubyongeyeho, guhuza (amahuza) bigabanijwemo imbere no hanze. Imbere ni imvugo yerekana imbere mu gitabo. Kenshi na kenshi, bakoreshwa mu kubara, nkigice cyingenzi cya formula cyangwa impaka zikorwa, byerekana ikintu runaka aho amakuru atunganywa arimo. Mu cyiciro kimwe, urashobora kwitibwira abavuga ahantu kurupapuro rwinyandiko. Bose, bitewe kumitungo yabo, bigabanijwemo ugereranije kandi byuzuye.

Ihuza ryo hanze ryerekeza ku kintu kiri hanze yigitabo cyubu. Birashobora kuba ikindi gitabo cyangwa umwanya ugaragara muri yo, inyandiko yubundi buryo ndetse nurubuga kuri enterineti.

Uhereye kubwoko bw'ubwoko ushaka gukora, kandi uburyo bwatoranijwe bwo kurema biterwa. Reka duhagarare muburyo butandukanye muburyo burambuye.

Uburyo 1: Gukora ibyerekeranye muri formula kurupapuro rumwe

Mbere ya byose, tekereza uburyo bwo gukora amahitamo atandukanye kubijyanye na formulaire, imikorere nibindi bikoresho byo kubara bidasanzwe murwego rumwe. N'ubundi kandi, bakunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa.

Imvugo yoroshye yerekana nkibi:

= A1.

Ikiranga itegeko ryimvugo ni ikimenyetso "=". Gusa mugihe ushizemo iki kimenyetso muri kasho mbere yo kuvuga, bizafatwa nko kuvuga. Ikiranga itegeko nizina ryinkingi (muriki kibazo a) hamwe numubare winkingi (muriki kibazo 1).

Imvugo "= A1" yerekana ko ikintu cyashyizweho, amakuru avuye ku kintu hamwe na coordinates A1 ariyongera.

Niba dusimbuza imvugo mu Kagari, aho ibisubizo byerekanwe, kurugero, kuri "= b5", indangagaciro ziva mubintu hamwe na comalinen b5 izakomeza.

Gukoresha amahuza, ibikorwa bitandukanye byimibare birashobora no gukorwa. Kurugero, twandika imvugo ikurikira:

= A1 + b5

Ingingo kuri buto yinjira. Noneho, mubintu iyi mvugo iherereye, incamake yindangagaciro zishyizwe mubintu hamwe no guhuza A1 na B5 bizakorwa.

Ku ihame rimwe, amacakubiri arakorwa, kugwira, gukuramo nibindi bikorwa byose byimibare.

Kwandika umurongo wihariye cyangwa nkigice cya formula, ntabwo ari ngombwa kuyirukana kure ya clavier. Birahagije gushiraho ikimenyetso "=", hanyuma ushire buto yimbeba yibumoso kuruhande ushaka kohereza. Aderesi ye azerekanwa mubintu "ikimenyetso" cyashizwemo.

Ariko twakagombye kumenya ko uburyo bwo guhuza A1 ataricyo cyonyine gishobora gukoreshwa muburyo. Mugereranije, Excel ikora uburyo bwo r1c1, aho, bitandukanye na verisiyo ibanza, imirongo igaragazwa ninyuguti nimibare, ariko gusa nimibare.

Imvugo R1C1 ihwanye na A1, na R5C2 - B5. Ni ukuvuga, muriki gihe, bitandukanye nuburyo bwa A1, imirongo yumurongo iriho, kandi inkingi iri ku wa kabiri.

Ibikorwa byombi byingirakamaro muri Excel bihwanye, ariko igipimo gishinzwe guhuza ibikorwa gifite urupapuro rwa A1. Kugirango uyishushanyije kuri R1C1, urasabwa mubipimo bya Excel mu gice cya formulaire, reba agasanduku gateganye na R1C1.

Nyuma yibyo, kuri horsenent ya horizontal, imibare izagaragara aho kuba inyuguti, kandi imvugo muri formulator izabona ifishi R1C1. Byongeye kandi, imvugo yanditswe mugukora ibihuza, kandi gukanda ku kintu gikwiye bizagaragazwa nka module kubijyanye nutugari. Mu ishusho hepfo ni formula

= R [2] c [-1]

Niba wanditse imvugo intoki, noneho izafata ibisobanuro bisanzwe r1c1.

Mu rubanza rwa mbere, ubwoko bugereranijwe bwatanzwe (= R [2] c [-2]), no mu cya kabiri (= R1C1) - Byuzuye. Ihuza ryuzuye ryerekeza ku kintu runaka, kandi ugereranije - kumwanya wibintu, ugereranije na selire.

Niba ugarutse muburyo busanzwe, noneho isano rifitanye isano ifite ifishi A1, na $ 1 $. Mburabuzi, ibyerekezo byose byakozwe muri Excel ni mwene wabo. Ibi bigaragarira mubyukuri mugihe cyo gukoporora ikimenyetso cyuzuye, agaciro muri yo bihindura ugereranije no kwimuka.

1. Kugirango ubone uko bizareba mubikorwa, bakuramo selile a1. Turimo gushira mubintu byose byubusa Ikimenyetso "=" nibumba ku kintu gifite imirongo a1. Nyuma ya aderesi yerekanwe nkigice cya formula, ibumba kuri buto yinjira.



2. Twazanye indanga kuruhande rwiburyo bwiburyo bwikintu, aho ibisubizo byo gutunganya byagaragaye. Indanga irahindurwa mubimenyetso byuzuye. Kanda buto yimbeba yibumoso hanyuma urambura ibisobanuro bisangirwa kumakuru hamwe namakuru ushaka gukoporora.



3. Nyuma yo kopi yarangiye, tubona ko indangagaciro ziri mu bintu byakurikiyeho bitandukanye nimwe mu kintu cya mbere (cyandukuwe). Niba uhisemo selile iyo ari yo yose aho twandukuye amakuru, hanyuma muri formulaire umurongo urashobora kubona ko umurongo wahinduwe ugereranije no kwimuka. Iki nikimenyetso kijyanye nacyo.

Umutungo ufitanye isano rimwe na rimwe ufasha cyane mugihe ukorana na formulaire nimbonerahamwe, ariko mubihe bimwe na bimwe ukeneye gukoporora formula idahindutse. Kugirango ukore ibi, umurongo urasabwa guhindura muburyo bwuzuye.

1. Kugirango usohoze impinduka, birahagije kubyerekeye guhuza bitambitse kandi bihagaritse gushyira ikimenyetso cyamadorari ($).



2. Tumaze gukoresha ikimenyetso cyuzuye, urashobora kubona ko agaciro muri selile zose zikurikira mugihe cyo gukoporora zerekanwa kimwe na mbere. Mubyongeyeho, iyo uzimya ikintu icyo aricyo cyose uhereye kumurongo uri munsi yumurongo wa formula, urashobora kumenya ko amahuza yagumye adahindutse rwose.

Usibye kubwuzuye kandi ufitanye isano, haracyari amahuza avanze. Amadolari yamadorari agaragara gusa coordona (urugero: $ A1),

haba gusa guhuza umugozi (urugero: $ 1).

Ikimenyetso cyamadorari gishobora gukorwa intoki ukanze kumwanya ukwiye kuri clavier ($). Bizagaragaraho niba muri clavier yicyongereza mugice cyo hejuru ukanze kuri "4".

Ariko hariho uburyo bworoshye bwo kongeramo ikimenyetso cyerekanwe. Ukeneye gusa kwerekana imvugo yerekana hanyuma ukande urufunguzo rwa F4. Nyuma yibyo, ikimenyetso cyamadorari kizagaragara icyarimwe mumoko yose mu buryo butambitse kandi uhagaritse. Nyuma yo kongera gukanda kuri F4, ihuriro ryahinduwe kugirango rivanze: Ikimenyetso cyamadorari kizaguma gusa kumurongo wumurongo, kandi imirongo yinkingi izashira. Indi kanda F4 izavamo ingaruka zinyuranye: Ikimenyetso cyamadorari kizagaragara ku nkingi, ariko imirongo yumurongo izashira. Byongeye, mugihe ukanze F4, umurongo uhindurwa kuri mwene wabo udafite amadorari. Itangazamakuru rikurikira rizimya rwose. Kandi rero muruziga rushya.

Muri Excel, urashobora kuvuga gusa selile yihariye, ariko no kumurongo wose. Aderesi yurwego isa nkaho ihuriro ryibumoso bwo hejuru niburyo bwo hepfo, dutandukanijwe nipare ya colon (:). Kurugero, intera yagenewe mumashusho hepfo ifite ihuza A1: C5.

Kubwibyo, ihuriro ryiyi array rizasa na:

= A1: C5

Isomo: Ihuza ryuzuye kandi rifitanye isano kuri Microsoft Excel

Uburyo 2: Gukora ibyerekeranye na formulaire kubindi bice n'ibitabo

Mbere yibyo, twasuzumye ibikorwa murupapuro rumwe gusa. Noneho reka turebe uko twavuga ahantu kurundi rupapuro cyangwa nigitabo. Mu rubanza rwa nyuma, ntabwo bizaba imbere, ahubwo ni ihuriro ryo hanze.

Amahame yo kurema ni kimwe nkuko twabibonaga hejuru mugihe ibikorwa kurupapuro rumwe. Gusa muriki kibazo bizakenera kwerekana aderesi yinyongera cyangwa igitabo aho selile cyangwa intera isabwa yo kwerekeza.

Kugirango wereke agaciro kurundi rupapuro, ugomba kwerekana izina ryayo hagati ya "=" ikimenyetso cyakagari, hanyuma ushyire ikimenyetso.

Ihuza rero kuri selire kurupapuro 2 hamwe na coriorte ya B4 bizasa nkibi:

= Urutonde2! B4

Imvugo irashobora gutwarwa nintoki muri clavier, ariko biroroshye cyane gukora kuburyo bukurikira.

1. Shyiramo ikimenyetso cya "=" mubintu bizaba birimo imvugo yerekana. Nyuma yibyo, ukoresheje shortcut hejuru yimiterere, jya kuri urwo rupapuro aho ikintu kiherereye kugirango cyerekeza.



2. Nyuma yinzibacyuho, hitamo iki kintu (selile cyangwa intera) hanyuma ukande kuri buto yintonde.



3. Nyuma yibyo, hazabaho gusubira mu buryo bwikora kurupapuro rwabanje, ariko ibisobanuro dukeneye bizashirwaho.

Noneho reka tumenye uburyo bwo kuvuga ikintu giherereye mubindi bitaro. Mbere ya byose, ugomba kumenya ko amahame yo gukora imirimo itandukanye nibikoresho bya excel hamwe nibindi bitabo biratandukanye. Bamwe muribo bakorana nizindi dosiye excel, kabone niyo bafungwa, mugihe abandi bakeneye gutangiza iz'amadosiye.

Kubijyanye nibiranga, ubwoko bwihuza kubindi bitabo buratandukanye. Niba uyimenyekanisha kubikoresho bikora gusa hamwe na dosiye ziyobowe, noneho muriki kibazo urashobora kwerekana gusa izina ryigitabo uvuga. Niba ushaka gukorana na dosiye itagiye gukingura, noneho muriki kibazo ukeneye kwerekana inzira yuzuye. Niba utabizi, muburyo uzakorana na dosiye cyangwa utazi neza uburyo igikoresho runaka gishobora gukorana nayo, noneho muriki gihe, na none, nibyiza kwerekana inzira yuzuye. Ndetse rwose ntibizamera.

Niba ukeneye kwerekeza ku kintu na aderesi C9, iherereye ku rupapuro rwa 2 mu gitabo cyiruka cyitwa "Excel.xlsX", ugomba kwandika imvugo ikurikira mu rupapuro aho agaciro kazerekanwa:

= [Excel.xlsx] Urutonde2! C9

Niba uteganya gukorana ninyandiko ifunze, noneho, mubindi bintu, ugomba kwerekana inzira aho uherereye. Kurugero:

= 'D: \ Ububiko bushya \ [Excel.xlsX] urupapuro2'! C9

Nko mubyemezo byo gukora imvugo yerekana kurundi rupapuro, mugihe uhuza ikintu ikindi gitabo, urashobora, uburyo bwo kwinjira mumajwi, kandi ubikore uhitamo selile cyangwa intera irindi dosiye.

1. Dushyira inyuguti "=" mu Kagari aho imvugo igezweho izaboneka.



2. Noneho fungura igitabo ushaka kohereza niba kidakora. Ibumba ku rupapuro rwe ahantu ushaka kwerekeza. Nyuma yibyo, kanda kuri Enter.



3. Hano hari gusubira mu buryo bwikora mu gitabo cyabanjirije. Nkuko mubibona, bimaze kumenya umurongo kubintu bya dosiye, twakanze ku ntambwe ibanza. Irimo izina gusa nta buryo.



4. Ariko niba dufunze dosiye kugirango tuvuge, ihuriro rizahita rihindura mu buryo bwikora. Bizagaragaza inzira yuzuye muri dosiye. Rero, niba imirongo, imikorere cyangwa igikoresho inkunga ikorana nibitabo bifunze, ubungubu, ukesha guhindura imvugo yerekana, bizashoboka kubona aya mahirwe.

Nkuko mubibona, ihuriro ryubuzima kubintu bya dosiye ukoresheje kanda kuri OCCOST birenze uruzitiro rwa aderesi, ariko nanone muricyo gihe, umurongo uhuza wahinduwe ukurikije niba Igitabo gifunze aho kivuga, cyangwa gifunguye.

Uburyo 3: Imikorere ibiri

Ubundi buryo bwo kuvuga ikintu muri Excel ni ugukoresha imikorere ya Dash. Iki gikoresho kigamije gukora imvugo yerekana muburyo bwanditse. Ibivugwa byaremwe rero byitwa "byahanze", kubera ko bifitanye isano na selile yabisobanuye muri bo ndetse ikanini kuruta imvugo isanzwe. Syntax yuyu mukoresha:

= Dvssl (Ihuza; A1)

"Ihuza" ni impaka zerekeza ku kagari mu buryo bw'imyandiko (yapfunyitse hamwe n'amagambo);

Ati: "A1" ni impaka zidahwitse zigena imikoreshereze yuburyo ikoreshwa: A1 cyangwa R1C1. Niba agaciro k'iyi mpaka ari "ukuri", ubwo buryo bwa mbere bukoreshwa mugihe "kibeshya" ni cya kabiri. Niba iyi ngingo isohoka, hanyuma kubisanzwe bizeraga ko adresse yubwoko A1 ikoreshwa.

1. Twabonye ikintu cyurupapuro aho formula izaba. Ibumba kuri "Shyiramo imikorere".



2. Muri wizard yimikorere muri "Ihuza na Arrays" block, twizihiza "Dvssl". Kanda "OK".



3. Impaka Idirishya ryuyu mukoresha rifungura. Muri "ihuza na selile", shiraho indanga kandi garagaza kanda yimbeba ifite ikintu kumpapuro dushaka kwerekeza. Nyuma ya aderesi yerekanwe mumurima, "Gupfunyika" hamwe na cote. Umurima wa kabiri ("A1") ibumoso usi. Kanda kuri "OK".



4. Igisubizo cyo gutunganya iki gikorwa cyerekanwe muri selire yatoranijwe.

Mubisobanuro birambuye, ibyiza nibibi byimikorere ya dvrsl byasuzumwe mumasomo atandukanye.

Isomo: Imikorere ihindagurika muri Microsoft Excel

Uburyo 4: Gukora hyperlink

Hyperlinks itandukanye nubwoko bwihuza twasuzumye hejuru. Ntabwo bakorera "gukurura" amakuru baturutse mu tundi turere muri ako gashya, aho baherereye, kandi kugirango bakore inzibacyuho mugihe bakanze mukarere bavuga.

1. Hano hari amahitamo atatu yo guhinduranya idirishya ryo gukora hyperlinks. Ukurikije ibyambere muri bo, ugomba kwerekana akagari aho hyperlink izashyirwamo, hanyuma ukande kuri buto iburyo. Muri menu, hitamo Ihitamo "hyperlink ...".

   

   Ahubwo, urashobora, nyuma yo guhitamo ikintu hyperlink yinjijwe, jya kuri tab "shyiramo". Ngaho kuri lebon ugomba gukanda kuri buto ya "hyperlink".

   

   Kandi, nyuma yo guhitamo selile, urashobora gukoresha urufunguzo rwa CTRL + K.

2. Nyuma yo gukoresha kimwe muribi bitatu, hyperlink idirishya rifungura. Mu gice cyibumoso bwidirishya, hari amahitamo, hamwe nikintu gisabwa kuvugana:
   • Hamwe n'ahantu mu gitabo kiriho;
   • Hamwe n'igitabo gishya;
   • Hamwe nurubuga cyangwa dosiye;
   • Hamwe na e-imeri.



3. Mburabuzi, idirishya ritangira muburyo bwo gutumanaho hamwe na dosiye cyangwa urubuga. Kugirango uhuza ikintu gifite dosiye, mugice cyo hagati cyidirishya ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kugenda, ugomba kujya muri ubwo bubiko bwa disiki ikomeye hanyuma dosiye wifuza. Birashobora kuba igitabo cyitwa Excel na dosiye yubundi buryo. Nyuma yibyo, imigani izerekanwa umurima wa "aderesi". Ibikurikira, kugirango urangize ibikorwa, kanda kuri buto "OK".

   

   Niba hakenewe kuvugana nurubuga, noneho muriki gice, mugice kimwe cya menure yo kurema muri "Aderesi" ugomba kwerekana gusa aderesi y'urubuga rwifuzwa hanyuma ukande kuri "OK" buto.

   

   Niba ushaka kwerekana hyperlink kuruhande rwigitabo cyubu, ugomba kujya kuri "karuvati hamwe nigice". Ibikurikira, mugice cyo hagati yidirishya, ugomba kwerekana urupapuro na aderesi ya selire aho igomba gukorwa. Kanda kuri "OK".

   

   Niba ukeneye gukora inyandiko nshya ya Excel hanyuma uyihuze ukoresheje hyperlink kubitabo biriho, ugomba kujya mubice "bihambire inyandiko nshya". Ibikurikira, mu gice cyagati cyidirishya, tanga izina hanyuma ugaragaze aho uherereye kuri disiki. Noneho kanda kuri "Ok".

   

   Niba ubishaka, urashobora guhuza ikintu cyibibabi gifite hyperlink ndetse na imeri. Kugirango dukore ibi, twimukira muri "karuvati hamwe na imeri" no muri "aderesi" yerekana e-imeri. Ibumba kuri "ok".



4. Nyuma yuko hyperlink yinjijwe, inyandiko iri mu kagari iherereye, isanzwe ihinduka ubururu. Ibi bivuze ko hyperlink ikora. Kujya ku kintu ihujwe nayo, birahagije kugirango ukande inshuro ebyiri hamwe na buto yimbeba yibumoso.

Byongeye kandi, hyperlink irashobora kubyara imikorere yashyizwemo ifite izina ryivugira - "hyperlink".

Uyu mukoresha afite syntax:

= Hyperlink (aderesi; izina)

"Aderesi" - impaka zerekana aderesi y'urubuga kuri interineti cyangwa dosiye kuri disiki ikomeye, ufite ibyo ukeneye gushyikirana.

"Izina" - Impaka mu buryo bw'inyandiko, rizerekanwa mu rupapuro rurimo hyperlink. Iyi ngingo ntabwo ari itegeko. Mugihe udahari, aderesi yikintu izerekanwa mu rupapuroImirimo ivuga.

1. Turagaragaza selile aho hyperlink izaba iherereye, nibumba kuri "shyiramo imikorere".



2. Mubikorwa Wizard, jya kuri "amahuza hamwe na arrays". Twabonye izina "hyperlink" hanyuma ukande kuri "ok".



3. Mu idirishya ryimpaka muri "aderesi", sobanura aderesi kurubuga cyangwa dosiye kuri Winchester. Muri "Izina" twandika inyandiko izerekanwa mu rupapuro. Ibumba kuri "ok".



4. Nyuma yibyo, hyperlink izaremwa.

Isomo: Nigute ushobora gukora cyangwa gukuraho hyperlinks muri excel

Twabonye ko hari amatsinda abiri yihuza mumeza ya Excel: Yakoreshejwe muri formulamo n'abakozi mu nzibacyuho (hyperlink). Byongeye kandi, aya matsinda yombi yagabanijwemo ubwoko buto buto. Ni muburyo bwihariye bwurwego kandi biterwa na algorithm kugirango inzira yo kurema.