HDD, hard disk, winchester - mayina onsewa a chipangizo chimodzi chosungira chosungira. Mu mfundozi tikukuwuzani za luso la madamu oterewa, momwe zimagwiritsira ntchito, komanso chikhalidwe china komanso mfundo zogwirira ntchito.
Chida cholimba cha disk
Kutengera ndi dzina lonse la chipangizo chosungira ichi - kuyendetsa pamagalimoto okhazikika (HMD) - ndizotheka kumvetsetsa popanda kuyesetsa kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsa ntchito yake. Chifukwa cha kutsika kwake komanso kukhazikika kwake, izi zimakhazikitsidwa m'makompyuta osiyanasiyana: ma PC, ma laptops, maseva, mapiritsi, ndi zina. Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha HDD ndi kuthekera kosungira ndalama zambiri, pomwe nthawi yomweyo miyeso yaying'ono. Pansipa tikambirana za chipangizo chake cham'nyumba, mfundo zake ndi zina. Nyanga!Hermobal ndi makompyuta amagetsi
Zobiriwira za fiberglass ndi mkuwa, pamodzi ndi zolumikizira zolumikiza magetsi ndi zitsulo za sata Kulipira Ndalama Bungwe losindikizidwa, PCB). Chigawo chophatikizirachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi disk kuchokera pa PC ndi buku la njira zonse mkati mwa HDD. Nyumba zakuda za aluminim ndi zomwe mkati mwake zimatchedwa Chosindikizidwa chosindikizidwa (Mutu ndi msonkhano wa disk, HDA).
Pakatikati pa gawo lophatikizidwa pali chip chikulu - Microcontroller (Micro Controller Unit, MCU). M'masiku ano, microprocesser ili ndi zigawo ziwiri mwakokha: Central Coungung Clock (Central Dissor, CPU), yomwe ili pachibwenzi chonse, ndipo Channel Kuwerenga ndi Kulemba - Chida chapadera chomwe chimamasulira chizindikiro cha analog kuchokera kumutu kukhala osavomerezeka mukamawerenga komanso mosinthanitsa - digito mu analog pakujambulira. Microprocesser ili ndi I / o madoko Mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zimayendetsa zinthu zina zonse zomwe zili pa bolodi, ndipo zimapangitsa kusinthana kwa chidziwitso cha Sata.
Chip china chopezeka pachithunzichi ndi DDR SDRAM IMFAM (Chip Ig). Nambala yake imakonzekeretsa kuchuluka kwa kesh winchester. Chimp iyi yagawika mu kukumbukira kwa firmware, kudalipo pang'ono mu drive drive, ndi buffer, purosesa yofunikira kuti inyamule ma module a Firdware.
Chipi chachitatu chimatchedwa Woyang'anira magalimoto ndi mutu (Mawu a mawu a Coot Motor Controller, VCM Controller). Imayendetsa mphamvu zowonjezera zomwe zili pa bolodi. Amalandila microproctroclentracy ndipo Sinthani snurm Preamplifaer) omwe ali mu chipika chosindikizidwa. Wowongolera uyu amafuna mphamvu zambiri kuposa zina zophatikizira, chifukwa ndi udindo wozungulira chipika cha spindle ndi kuyenda kwa mitu. Pachimalo cha kusintha kwa chisinthiko kumatha kugwira ntchito, ndikuwotchera mpaka 100 ° C! Mphamvu ikaperekedwa kwa HDD, microcontroller imatsegulira zomwe zili m'madzi amtengo ndikuyamba kuphedwa kumene malangizo omwe amaperekedwa. Ngati nambalayo singafanane bwino, HDD siyikuyambiranso kukwezedwa. Kukumbukiranso kumatha kumangidwa mu microcontroller, osakhala ndi bolodi.
Ili pa chiwembu Sensor (Syyror) amasankha gawo losanjikiza. Ngati ikuwona kuti mphamvu yake ndi yowopsa, ndiye kuti chizindikirocho chidzatumizidwa wolamulira wolamulira wa injini ndi mitu, pambuyo pake imayika mitu kapena kuyimitsa njira ya hdd konse. Mu lingaliro, njirayi idapangidwira kuti itsimikizire chitetezo cha hdd kuchokera kuwonongeka kosiyanasiyana, komabe, sizimachita zambiri. Chifukwa chake, sikuyenera kugwetsa disk yolimba, chifukwa imatha kugwira ntchito yosakwanira kwa yibirtar, yomwe ingapangitse kufota kwathunthu kwa chipangizocho. Ma NJMD ena amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kugwedeza ndi masensa omwe amakhudzana ndi mawonekedwe ochepa. Zambiri zomwe VCM imalandira zimathandizidwa kusintha kayendedwe ka mitu, kotero ma disc amakhala ndi masensa osachepera awiri.
Chida china chomwe chinapangidwa kuteteza HDD - Kusintha kwa magetsi Kupembedza mayunitsere manyowa, ma tvs), opangidwa kuti aletse kulephera kwa mphamvu ya magetsi atadumphira. Chithunzi chimodzi cha okhalitsa okhawokha atha kukhala angapo.
Pamwamba pa Hermoblock
Pansi pa chipilala chophatikizira pali kulumikizana ndi otalika ndi mitu. Nthawi yomweyo mutha kuwona dzenje losaonekalo (lopumira), lomwe limalumikizana ndi zovuta mkati ndi kunja kwa malo osindikizidwa omwe akuwononga nthano kuti pali vutolo mkati mwa hadum. Dera lamkati limakutidwa ndi fyuluta yapadera yomwe siyikusowa fumbi ndi chinyezi mwachindunji mu HDD.
Mkati mwa hermbolock
Pansi pa chivundikiro cha chiwombankhanga cha hermetic, chomwe ndi malo abwinobwino achitsulo ndi ganje la mphira womwe umaziteteza ku chinyezi ndi fumbi, ndi ma dish.
Angatchulidwenso Zikondamoyo kapena Maphala (Pulani). Ma disc nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera pagalasi kapena aluminium, omwe anali asanapukutidwe. Kenako amaphimbidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za zinthu, kuphatikizapo Frromagnetnetnetnetnet - zikomo kwa iye ndipo ndizotheka kujambula ndi kusunga chidziwitso pa hard disk. Pakati pa mbale ndi panthaka yapamwamba kwambiri ili magalitse (Onopa kapena olekanitsa). Amakhala ndi mpweya wofanana ndi kuchepetsa phokoso. Nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena aluminium.
Masamba olekanitsidwa omwe adapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu amalimbana bwino ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa mpweya mkati mwa hermetic.
Block ya Mitu ya Magnetic
Kumapeto kwa mabatani omwe ali mkati Magnetic Mutu (Msonkhano waukulu wa mutu, HSA), werengani / lembani mitu. Chipilala chikaimitsidwa, ayenera kukhala pamalo okonzekera - Awa ndi malo omwe mitu yabwino imakhala nthawi yomwe shaft siyigwira ntchito. Mu malo ena a HDD amatenga madera apulasitiki, omwe amakhala kunja kwa mbale.
Kuti mugwire ntchito yolimba ya hard disk, monga mpweya wabwino umafunikira, wokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokha. Popita nthawi, micrapartics ya mafuta ndi zitsulo zimapangidwa mu kalawi. Kuwawonetsa, HDD ili ndi zida Zosefera . Amayikidwa panjira ya mpweya kuyenda, zomwe zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwa mbale.
Maginito a Nine Cholinga cha matsenga awa mu HDD ndi choletsa cha mayendedwe a mutu powagwira pulasitiki kapena zikondani za aluminiya.
Gawo lina la magnetic mutu ndi ndi coil (Mawu a mawu). Pamodzi ndi maginito omwe amapanga Drive bmg zomwe zili ndi bmg ndi Woyika (Wogulitsa) - chipangizo chosunthatu. Makina oteteza ku chipangizochi amatchedwa wosungika (Woyeserera). Imamasula BMG mukangopuma ndalama zokwanira kuchuluka kwa chitukuko. Munjira yopulumutsidwa, kupanikizika kwa mpweya kumakhudzidwa. Wopereka amalepheretsa kusuntha kulikonse kwa mitu yomwe ikukonzekera.
Pansi pa bmg ikhale yolondola. Imathandizira kusalala komanso kulondola kwa gawo ili. Nthawi yomweyo gawo limapangidwa ndi aluminium sloy, yomwe imatchedwa Korompyl (Mkono). Pamapeto pake, pa masika kuyimitsidwa, mitu imapezeka. Kuchokera ku Rocker ndi Chingwe chosinthika (Maukwati Osinthika, FPC), akutsogolera ku Piery, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi makoma amagetsi.
Izi ndi zomwe coil imawoneka ngati, yomwe imalumikizidwa ku chingwe:
Apa mutha kuwona zonyamula:
Nawa kulumikizana kwa BMG:
chomata (Gasket) amathandizira kuwonetsetsa kulimba. Chifukwa cha izi, mpweya umagwera mu block ndi ma disks ndi mitu yokha kudzera mu dzenje lomwe limalumikizana. Olumikizana ndi disk iyi amaphimbidwa ndi zomanga zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kukhalapo.
Msonkhano wamba wa bulaketi:
Pamapeto pa kuyimitsidwa kwa masika kuli zigawo zing'onozing'ono - Ogona (Slider). Amathandizira kuwerenga ndikulemba deta pokweza mutu. Mu drive yamakono, mitu, yomwe ili patali kwambiri 5-10 nm kuchokera pamwamba pa zikondamoyo zachitsulo. Zinthu za kuwerenga ndi kulemba zidziwitso zili kumapeto kwenikweni kwa otsetsereka. Ndiwochepa kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma microscope.
Magawo awa siwotheratu, chifukwa pali marodynamic marooro omwe amathandizira kukhazikitsa kutalika kwa Right. Mphepo yomwe ili pansi pake imapanga Msamiro (Nyama zonyamula nthaka, ab), omwe amathandizira kufanana ndi ndege.
Pambuyo - Chip chomwe chimayang'anira mitu ndikukulitsa chizindikiro kwa iwo kapena kwa iwo. Ili mwachindunji ku BMG, chifukwa chizindikiro chakuti mitu yokolola, ilibe mphamvu yokwanira (pafupifupi 1 ghz). Popanda cholembera m'zigawo za hemmetic, amangobalalika ndi njira yolumikizira.
Kuchokera pa chipangizochi kupita ku mitu pali ma track ambiri kuposa ku zigawo za hermetic. Izi zikufotokozedwa chifukwa chakuti hard disk imangolumikizana ndi imodzi mwazomwe zili. Microprocentys imatumiza zopempha ku Tompuyo kuti asankhe mutu womwe mukufuna. Kuchokera pa disk kupita kwa aliyense wa iwo pali ma track angapo. Ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa mawongoleredwe, kuwerenga ndi kulemba, kugwiritsa ntchito ma dring ang'ono, amagwira ntchito ndi zida zamatsenga apadera, omwe amatha kuwongolera slider, zomwe zimalola kuwonjezera kulondola kwa mitu. Mmodzi wa iwo azitsogolera ku chotenthetsera chomwe chimasintha kutalika kwa kuthawa kwawo. Mapangidwe awa amagwira ntchito motere: Kutentha kumafalikira kwa otenthetsera, omwe amalumikiza slider ndi rocker. Kuyimitsidwa kumapangidwa kuchokera ku ma Conloys omwe ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana owonjezera kuchokera ku kutentha kobwera. Ndi kutentha kwambiri kochulukira, kumakwapula mbale, potero kuchepetsa kutali ndi mutu. Ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha, zochita zina zimachitika - mutu umachotsedwa munthaka.
Njira iyi imawoneka ngati yapamwamba:
Chithunzichi chimaphatikizapo gawo la hermetic popanda mitu ndi apamwamba. Mutha kuwonanso maginito otsika ndipo mphete yowombera (PLASTER CATE):
Mphete iyi imabweza ziweto za zikondani limodzi, kuwaletsa kuchokera ku mayendedwe awo achibale.
Mamba atakwera mgodi Spindle Hub):
Koma zomwe zili pansi pa mbale yapamwamba:
Kodi ndingamvetsetse bwanji, malo a mitu amapangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mwapadera Kugawa mphete Mphete za spacer. Izi ndi ziwalo zapamwamba zomwe zimapangidwa ndi magnetic omwe sanali magnetic kapena ma polima:
Pansi pa horoblelock Pali malo okakamizidwa, yomwe ili pansi pa zosefera. Mphepo yomwe ili kunja kwa chipinda chosindikizidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, zosefera zosefera zamitundu zimakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zimakhala zokulirapo kuposa zofanana. Nthawi zina imatha kupezeka pamitundu yazitsulo yomwe imayenera kuyamwa chinyezi chonse:
Mapeto
Nkhaniyi ili ndi kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kwa anthu aku HDD. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi inali yosangalatsa kwa inu ndipo idathandizira kuti muphunzire zatsopano zambiri pa makompyuta.