Zachilengedwe zimasinthana mu Linux

Zachilengedwe zosintha pa makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Linux Kernel ogwiritsira ntchito zosinthika zomwe zimakhala ndi zolemba zolemba ndi mapulogalamu ena pakukhazikitsa. Nthawi zambiri, amaphatikizapo magawo ambiri a stofuc ndi lamulo, deta pa makonda a ogwiritsa ntchito, malo a mafayilo ena ndi zina zambiri. Makhalidwe asinthasintha oterewa akuwonetsedwa, mwachitsanzo, manambala, zizindikilo, njira, njira zopangira mafayilo kapena mafayilo. Chifukwa cha izi, mapulogalamu ambiri amapeza makonda ena, komanso kuthekera kusintha kapena kupanga njira zatsopano kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

Kugwira ntchito ndi madera osinthika ku Linux

Monga gawo la nkhaniyi, tikufuna kukhudza mfundo zoyambira komanso zothandiza kwambiri, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zosintha. Kuphatikiza apo, tidzaonetsa njira zowaonera, kusintha, pangani ndikuchotsa. Onetsetsa kuti mungathandize kuti agwiritse ntchito a Novice kuti ayende m'magulu omwe ali ndi zida zofananira ndikuthana ndi mtengo wawo mu zogawa za OS. Asanayambe kuwunika kwa magawo ofunikira kwambiri, ndikufuna kunena za kuwagawa m'makalasi. Gulu lotere limafotokozedwa motere:

1. Dongosolo losiyanasiyana. Zosankha izi zimadzaza nthawi yomweyo poyambira, kusungidwa m'mafayilo ena (zikhala za iwo pansipa), komanso ogwiritsa ntchito onse ndi os lonse. Nthawi zambiri magawo otere amawerengedwa kuti ndi ofunika kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira ntchito zingapo.
2. Zosinthasintha. Wogwiritsa aliyense ali ndi chikwatu chake chomwe zinthu zonse zofunika zimasungidwa, mafayilo awo osinthika amaphatikizanso. Kuchokera ku dzina lawo laonekeratu kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito mothandizidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito panthawi yomwe imavomerezedwa kudzera mu "terminal" yakwanuko. Amachitapo kanthu atalumikizidwa kutali.
3. Zosintha zakomweko. Pali magawo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa gawo lomwelo. Itatsirizidwa, idzachotsedwa kwamuyaya ndipo onse adzapangidwa pamanja kuti ayambenso kuyambiranso. Sizisungidwa m'mafayilo amodzi, ndipo adapangidwa, okonzedwa ndikuchotsa malamulo oyenera.

Mafayilo osinthika a chizolowezi ndi dongosolo

Monga momwe mukudziwira kale kuchokera pamwambapa, makalasi awiri a makalasi atatu a ulusi amasungidwa m'mafayilo osiyana pomwe mafinya owonjezera amasonkhanitsidwa. Chinthu chilichonse chotere chimadzaza pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Payokha, ndikufuna kugawa zinthu ngati izi:

• / Etc / mbiri ndi imodzi mwa mafayilo a dongosolo. Kupezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito onse ndi dongosolo lonse, ngakhale ndi khomo lakutali. Kuletsa kwa iko - magawo salandiridwe mukatsegula "terminal", ndiye kuti, palibe zomwe sizikuchitika kuchokera ku izi.
• / Etc / chilengedwe - analogue wamba a kasinthidwe. Imagwira ntchito ku dongosolo, ili ndi njira zomwezo monga fayilo yapitayo, koma tsopano popanda zoletsa ngakhale pali cholumikizira chakutali.
• /Tc/bash.bashrc - fayilo yokha ya kugwiritsa ntchito kwanuko, pagawo lakutali kapena kulumikizana kudzera pa intaneti sikungagwire ntchito. Kuchitidwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito payekhapayekha popanga gawo latsopano.
• .Bashrcs kwa wogwiritsa ntchito wina, amasungidwa m'nyumba yake ndikuyendetsa nthawi iliyonse kuti ma terminal ndi atsopano.
• .Bash_profile ndizofanana ndi .Bashrc, kokha kokha mogwirizana, mwachitsanzo, mukamagwiritsa ntchito ssh.

Mndandanda wa dongosolo loyambira ndi zosintha zachilengedwe

Chifukwa cha malangizo omwe ali pamwambawa, tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungadziwitsire mwachangu magawo onse apano ndi zomwe amachita. Zimangothana ndi zazikulu. Samalani ndi zinthu zoterezi:

• De. Dzina lathunthu - malo a desktop. Ili ndi dzina la malo apano la desktop. Mu makina ogwiritsira ntchito, zipolopolo zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa linux kernel, motero mapulogalamu ndi ofunikira kuti amvetsetse zomwe tsopano ndi yogwira ntchito. Izi zimathandiza kusintha kwa de. Chitsanzo cha mfundo zake - gnome, timbewu, kde, ndi zina zotero.
• Njira - imatanthauzira mndandanda wa oyang'anira momwe mungafufuzire mafayilo osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pansi pa lamulo limodzi la malamulo ofufuza ndi kupeza zinthu, amatengera mafodi awa kuti afufuze mwachangu ndikutumiza mafayilo omwe ali ndi mikangano.
• Chipolopolo - chimasunga njira yothandizira chipolopolo. Zipolopolo zotere zimalola kuti wogwiritsa ntchito yekhayo azipereka malembedwe ena ndikuyika njira zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito syntaxes. Bash amadziwika kuti ndi chipolopolo chodziwika kwambiri. Mndandanda wa malamulo ena ofala kuti mudziwe nkhani ina pa ulalo wotsatirawu.

Zowonjezera izi zimawonjezeredwa kuchuluka kulikonse komwe kuli kocheperako, ndikofunikira kukumbukira zinthu zazikulu zomwe amachita.

Kuwonjezera ndikuchotsa zosintha

Tinasinthanitsa makalasi omwe amasungidwa mafayilo osinthika, ndipo kuchokera ku izi ndikusintha kuti muyenera kusintha mafayilo okha. Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mkonzi uliwonse wamawu.

1. Tsegulani kukhazikika kwa ogwiritsa kudutsa ku SuDO GEDIT .bashrc. Tikuganiza kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito momveka bwino ndi kapangidwe ka syntax, mwachitsanzo, gidet. Komabe, mutha kutchulanso wina aliyense, mwachitsanzo, vi kapena nano.



2. Musaiwale kuti mukayamba lamulo m'malo mwa mafuta ochulukirapo, muyenera kulowa mawu achinsinsi.



3. Pamapeto pa fayilo, onjezani kunja kwa var = chingwe chamtengo. Chiwerengero cha magawo oterewa sichili ndi chilichonse. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kusintha mtengo wa zosintha zomwe zilipo kale.



4. Pambuyo posintha, zisungeni ndikutseka fayilo.



5. Kusintha kosintha kudzachitika pambuyo pa fayilo itayamba, ndipo kumachitika kudzera pa gwero la magwero .bashrc.



6. Mutha kuyang'ana ntchito yazosintha kudzera munjira yomweyo.

Ngati simukudziwa mafotokozedwe a kalasi iyi musanasinthe, onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga zidziwitso kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyo. Izi zithandiza kupewa zolakwa zina ndi zochita za magawo omwe adalowa m'magawo awo. Ponena za kuchotsedwa kwa magawo, kumachitikanso kudzera fayilo yosintha. Ndikokwanira kuchotsa chingwe kapena ndemanga pa izo powonjezera kumayambiriro kwa chizindikiro #.

Kupanga ndi kuchotsa madera azosintha

Imangokhudza kalasi yachitatu ya zosinthika - ziwonetsero. Sinthani kuti izi zikhale fayilo ya / etc / etc, zomwe zimakhalabe zogwira ntchito ngakhale kulumikizana kwakutali, mwachitsanzo, kudzera mwa woyang'anira SHS wodziwika. Kutsegulidwa kwa chinthu chosinthika kumachitika pafupifupi momwemonso mu mtundu wapitawu:

1. Mu Comtole, lowetsani SuDo GEDE / ETC / Mbiri.



2. Pangani zosintha zonse ndikuwasunga ndikudina batani loyenerera.



3. Yambitsaninso chinthucho kudzera pa gwero / etc / mbiri.



4. Pamapeto, yang'anani magwiridwewo kudzera mu echo $.

Zosintha mu fayilo zidzasungidwa ngakhale mutayambiranso gawoli, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense ndi ntchito adzapeza deta yatsopano popanda mavuto.

Ngakhale zidziwitso zomwe zafotokozedwa masiku ano zikuwoneka zovuta kwambiri, timalimbikitsa kuti timvetsetse komanso kumvetsetsa zinthu zambiri momwe tingathere. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoterezo kwa OS kudzathandizira kuti mupewe mafayilo owonjezera pa pulogalamu iliyonse, chifukwa onse adzalowa m'malo. Imatetezanso maofesi onse ndi kuwalimbikitsa mkati. Ngati mukufuna mwachidule zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono, fotokozerani zolembedwa za Linux.