Kuwerengera kwannuity kulipire bwino

Musanatenge ngongoleyo, zingakhale bwino kuwerengera zolipira zonse. Idzapulumutsa wobwereketsa mtsogolo kuchokera pamavuto osayembekezereka ndi zokhumudwitsa pomwe izi zimapezeka kwambiri. Thandizo pa kuwerengetsa kumeneku kungachitike zida zapamwamba kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mungawerengere ndalama zobwereketsa pankhokwe mu pulogalamuyi.

Kuwerengera kulipira

Choyamba, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti pali mitundu iwiri ya zolipira ngongole:

• Kusiyanitsa;
• Tennuity.

Ndi chiwembu chosiyana, kasitomala amabweretsa gawo la pamwezi pamphepete mwa ngongole ya ngongole kuphatikiza. Kuchuluka kwa zolipira mwezi uliwonse kumachepa, chifukwa thupi la ngongole limachepetsedwa lomwe amawerengedwa. Chifukwa chake, ndalama zonse mwezi zimachepetsedwa.

Anzanu azankazi amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosiyana pang'ono. Makasitomala amapanga kuchuluka kwa ndalama zonse pamwezi, zomwe zimakhala ndi zolipira pa thupi la ngongole ndi kulipira chidwi. Poyamba, zopereka zachikondi zimawerengedwa pazakudya zonse, koma monga momwe thupi limachepera, chidwi chimachepetsedwa komanso chiwongola dzanja. Koma kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa malipiro sikunasinthidwe chifukwa chowonjezera pamwezi pazolipira ndi thupi la ngongole. Chifukwa chake, popita nthawi, gawo lokhala ndi chidwi ndi mwezi uliwonse limagwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa thupi kumakula. Nthawi yomweyo, ndalama zonse mwezi sizisintha nthawi yonse ya ngongole.

Kungowerengera ndalama zannuity, tidzaima. Makamaka, izi ndizofunikira, popeza tsopano mabanki ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi. Ndizosavuta kwa makasitomala, chifukwa pankhaniyi kuchuluka kwa malipiro sikusintha, kukhazikika. Makasitomala nthawi zonse amadziwa kuchuluka kwa zomwe mukufuna kulipira.

Gawo 1: Kuwerengera Pamwezi Pamwezi

Kuwerengera zopereka pamwezi mukamagwiritsa ntchito madera opambana, pali ntchito yapadera - PPT. Zimatengera gulu la ogwiritsa ntchito azachuma. Njira ya izi ndi motere:

= PPT (mtengo; Kper; PS; BS; Lembani)

Monga tikuwona, ntchito yomwe yatchulidwa ili ndi ziwerengero zambiri zotsutsana. Zowona, awiri omaliza a iwo sakuvomerezeka.

Mtengo wakuti "Mtengo" umawonetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi inayake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ndalama zapachaka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma ngongole ya ngongole imapangidwa pamwezi, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa pachaka kuyenera kugawidwa 12 ndipo zotsatira zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mkangano. Ngati ndalama zolipirira zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye kuti kubetcha pachaka kuyenera kugawidwa mu 4, etc.

"Cper" amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa ndalama zolipira ngongole. Ndiye kuti, ngati ngongole yatengedwa chaka chimodzi ndi malipiro a pamwezi, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa zaka ziwiri, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa zaka ziwiri ndi ndalama zokwana kawiri, ndiye kuchuluka kwa nthawi ndi 8.

"PS" akuwonetsa mtengo wapano pakadali pano. Kulankhula ndi mawu osavuta, ichi ndi ndalama zonse kumayambiriro kwa kubwereketsa, ndiye kuti, ndalama zomwe mwabwereka, kupatula chiwongola dzanja china ndi zolipira zina zowonjezera.

"BS" ndi mtengo wamtsogolo. Mtengo uwu udzakhala thupi la ngongole panthawi yomaliza kubwereketsa. Nthawi zambiri, mkanganowu ndi "0" Kutsutsana komwe kunafotokozedwa sikofunikira. Chifukwa chake, ngati chitsika, chimawerengedwa kuti ndi zero.

Kutsutsana kwa "Mtundu" kumatsimikizira nthawi yowerengera: kumapeto kapena kumayambiriro kwa nthawi. Poyamba, pamafunika mtengo wake "0", ndipo wachiwiri - "1". Mabungwe ambiri obanki amagwiritsa ntchito njira yolipira kumapeto kwa nthawi. Kutsutsana kumeneku ndi koyenera, ndipo ngati kwasiyidwa, kumakhulupirira kuti ndi zero.

Tsopano ndi nthawi yosamukira ku chitsanzo chapadera chowerengera chopereka cha mwezi uliwonse pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya pl. Kuti tiwerenge, timagwiritsa ntchito tebulo ndi gwero la magwero, pomwe chiwongola dzanja cha ngongole (12%) chikuwonetsedwa, mtengo wa ngongole (ma ruble 500). Nthawi yomweyo, ndalama zimapangidwa pamwezi kumapeto kwa nthawi iliyonse.

1. Sankhani chinthucho papepala lomwe zotsatirapo zake zidzawonetsedwa, ndikudina chithunzi cha "Intern Accon", kuyikidwa pafupi ndi formula.



2. Windo la Wizzard limayambitsidwa. Mu gulu la "Ndalama" gawo loti agawane dzinalo "PLT" ndikudina batani la "OK".



3. Pambuyo pake, amatsegula zenera lotsutsana la pl wothandizira.

   Mu "Munda wa" Mundani, muyenera kuyika mtengo wa nthawi yayitali. Izi zitha kuchitika pamanja, kungoyika kaperekedwe, koma kumawonetsedwa mu khungu lopezeka papepala, chifukwa chake tidzalumikiza. Ikani chotembere m'munda, kenako dinani khungu lolingana. Koma, pamene tikukumbukira, tili ndi chidwi cha pachaka patebulo lathu, ndipo nthawi yolipira ndi yofanana ndi mwezi. Chifukwa chake, timagawa kubetcha pachaka, ndipo makamaka kulumikizana ndi khungu komwe kuli ndi nambala 12, kulingana ndi kuchuluka kwa miyezi m'chaka. Magawande kuthamanga mwachindunji pazenera lazenera.

   M'munda wa Cper, kubwereketsa kwakhazikitsidwa. Ali wofanana ndi miyezi 24. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nambala 24 yamakono, koma ife, monga m'mbuyomu, tchulani ulalo womwe uli patsamba ili patebulo.

   M'munda "PS" akuwonetsa mtengo woyamba ngongole. Ndizofanana ndi ma ruble 500,000. Monga momwe zimakhalira m'mbuyomu, timatchula ulalo wa tsamba, lomwe lili ndi chizindikiritso ichi.

   M'munda "BS" akuwonetsa kukula kwa ngongole, mutatha kulipira kwathunthu. Pamene mukukumbukira, mtengo uwu umakhala pafupifupi zero. Ikani m'munda uno nambala "0". Ngakhale mkanganowu ungasiyidwe.

   Mu "mtundu wa", timatchula chiyambi kapena kumapeto kwa mwezi uliwonse. Ife, monganso nthawi zambiri, imapangidwa kumapeto kwa mwezi. Chifukwa chake, timakhazikitsa chiwerengerocho "0". Monga momwe ziliri pankhani yapitayo, ndizotheka kulowa chilichonse pamunda uno, ndiye kuti pulogalamu yokhazikika ingoganizira kuti ndi zero.

   Pambuyo pa zonse zomwe zalembedwa, dinani batani la "OK".



4. Pambuyo pake, m'chipinda chomwe tidapereka m'ndime yoyamba ya bukuli, chifukwa cha kuwerengetsa kwawonetsedwa. Monga mukuwonera, kukula kwa malipiro a mwezi uliwonse pa ngongole ndi 23536.74 ma ruble. Musati musokoneze chizindikiro "-" izi zisanachitike. Momwemo akapolo akutsimikizira kuti uku ndi kuyenda kwa ndalama, ndiye kuti, kutayika.



5. Pofuna kuwerengera ndalama zonse za nthawi yonse ya ngongole, poganizira kubweza kwa thupi la ngongole ndi chiwongola dzanja cha pamwezi, chimachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa malipiro a mwezi (miyezi 24) kwa miyezi 24 (miyezi 24). ). Monga mukuwonera, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zonse kwa nthawi yonseyo kunali ma 564881.67 ma rubles.



6. Tsopano mutha kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa ngongole. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuti muchotse ndalama zonse zolipira ngongoleyo, kuphatikizapo chidwi ndi thupi la ngongole, kuchuluka koyambirira kumanenedwa. Koma timakumbukira kuti choyambirira cha zikhalidwe izi ndi chizindikiro "-". Chifukwa chake, makamaka, nkhani yathu ikadakhala kuti ikuyenera kuyikulungidwa. Monga tikuwona, zolipira ngongole yonse nthawi yonseyi inali 64881.67 Rubles.

Phunziro: Mwini ntchito ku Excel

Gawo 2: Zambiri Zolipira

Ndipo tsopano, mothandizidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ena a Excel, timapanga tsatanetsatane wa pamwezi pamwezi kuti tipeze mwezi wapadera womwe timalipira m'thupi la ngongole, komanso kuchuluka kwa chiwongola dzanja. Pachifukwa ichi, kudetsedwa m'chipululu, komwe timadzaza. Mizere ya tebulo ili idzakhala ndi udindo pa nthawi yolingana, ndiye kuti, mwezi. Popeza kuti nthawi yobwereketsa ili miyezi 24, kuchuluka kwa mizere kudzakhala koyenera. Ming'alu idawonetsa thupi la ngongole, zolipirira chidwi, kulipira kwathunthu pamwezi, komwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mizati iwiri yapitayo, komanso ndalama zotsalazo.

1. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa ngongole ya ngongole, gwiritsani ntchito Os gos ntchito, yomwe imangoganiza kuti izi. Timakhazikitsa cholozera m'chipindacho, chomwe chili mu mzere "1" komanso mu khola "kulipira ndi thupi la ngongole". Dinani pa batani la "phala ntchito".



2. Pitani kwa Mtsogoleri wa ntchito. M'gulu la "ndalama", tikuwona dzinalo "OsPallt" ndikudina batani la "OK".



3. Zotsutsana za ospicres zimayamba. Ili ndi syntax yotsatirayi:

   = OsSngon (mtengo; nthawi; kper; ps; bs)

   Monga tikuwonera, zotsutsana za gawo ili zimafanananso ndi zotsutsana za oyang'anira a PLT, m'malo mwa lingaliro "loti:" Nthawi "yowonjezeredwa". Ikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yolipira, ndipo pazomwe timakhala pamwezi.

   Lembani zotsutsana za osr ntchito zomwezomwe zikutidziwitsa kale ndi zomwezo, zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito ya pl. Tangomverani mfundo yoti mtsogolo, kukopera formula igwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera pa cholembera, muyenera kuchita maulalo onse m'minda kuti asasinthe. Izi zimafuna kuyika chizindikiro cha dollar musanakhale mtengo uliwonse wamalumikizidwe ndi opingasa. Koma ndizosavuta kuchita izi, kungosankha mgwirizano ndikudina pa chifungulo cha F4. Chizindikiro cha dollar chidzayikidwa m'malo oyenera. Sitingaiwale kuti kubetcha pachaka kuyenera kugawidwa mu 12.



4. Koma tili ndi mfundo ina yatsopano, yomwe sinali yochokera ku ntchito ya pl. Mtsutsowu "uku. Mu gawo loyenerera, perekani matchulidwe oyamba a "nthawi". Gawo la pepalali lili ndi nambala ya "1", yomwe imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mwezi woyamba kubwereketsa. Koma mosiyana ndi minda yapitayo, timasiya zingwe zomwe zili m'munda wotchulidwa, ndipo musachite nawo nkhondo.

   Pambuyo pa deta yonse yomwe tidakambirana pamwambapa zimayambitsidwa, kanikizani batani la "OK".



5. Pambuyo pake, m'chipindacho, chomwe tidapereka kale, kuchuluka kwa ngongole ya ngongole mwezi woyamba kudzawonekera. Idzakhala 18536.74 RUBULS.



6. Kenako, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, tiyenera kutengera njira iyi ya mzere wotsala pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera. Kuti muchite izi, ikani cholozera ku ngodya yakumanja kwa cell, yomwe ili ndi fomula. Cursor imasinthidwa kukhala mtanda, womwe umatchedwa chikhomo chodzaza. Dinani batani lakumanzere ndikukweza mpaka kumapeto kwa tebulo.



7. Zotsatira zake, mzati wonse wa cell amadzaza. Tsopano tili ndi tchati cholipira ngongole pamwezi. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, kuchuluka kwa malipiro pa nkhaniyi kumawonjezera ndi nthawi iliyonse.



8. Tsopano tifunika kuwerengera pamwezi ndi chiwongola dzanja. Pazifukwa izi, tidzagwiritsa ntchito port. Timagawa khungu lopanda kanthu mu "Ndalama Zamalipiro". Dinani pa batani la "phala ntchito".



9. Mu ntchito za mbuye wa ntchito mu "ndalama", timatulutsa mayina a namp. Chitani batani pa batani la "Ok".



10. Zenera la zotsutsana la ntchito ya TrP iyamba. Syntax yake imawoneka motere:

    = PRT (mtengo; nthawi; CPU; PS; BS)

    Monga tikuonera, zotsutsana za ntchitoyi ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zinthu zofanana za OsP. Chifukwa chake, ingolowetsaninso zomwezo muzenera lomwe tidalemba m'Ziwi lakale la mikangano. Sitikuiwala kuti zomwe zimangonena za "nthawi" zizikhala zachibale, ndipo m'minda ina yonse zoyenera ziyenera kubweretsedwa mwa mawonekedwe oyenera. Pambuyo pake, dinani batani la "OK".



11. Kenako zotsatira za kuwerengera ndalama zolipirira ngongole mwezi woyamba zimawonetsedwa mu khungu lomwe likugwirizana.



12. Kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera chodzaza, pangani kukopera kwa njirayi muzinthu zotsalira za mzatiyo, motere amalandila ndandanda ya mwezi wa ngongole. Monga tikuwonera, monga momwe amanenera kale, kuyambira mwezi mpaka mwezi mtengo wa malipiro amtunduwu amachepetsa.



13. Tsopano tiyenera kuwerengera ndalama zonse mwezi uliwonse. Pakuwerengera uku, munthu sayenera kusintha kwa wothandizira aliyense, monga momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mawonekedwe osavuta a masamu. Timapinda zomwe zili m'maselo a mwezi woyamba wa zipinda "zolipira ndi thupi la ngongole" ndi "chidwi chathunthu". Kuti muchite izi, ikani chizindikirocho "=" kulowa m'chipinda chopanda kanthu cha mzati "kulipira zonse pamwezi". Kenako dinani patsamba lonselo pamwambapa pokhazikitsa chizindikiro ". Dinani batani la Enter.



14. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera chodzaza, monga momwe zapita kale, lembani mzere wazomwe zalembedwa. Monga tikuonera, yonse yonse ya mgwirizano, kuchuluka kwa malipiro onse apamwezi, komwe kumaphatikizapo kulipira ndi thupi la ngongole ndi kulipira chidwi, adzakhala 23536.74. Kwenikweni, tawerengera kale chisonyezo ichi musanagwiritse ntchito PPP. Koma pankhaniyi zimaperekedwa momveka bwino, monga kuchuluka kwa malipiro ndi thupi la ngongole ndi chidwi.



15. Tsopano muyenera kuwonjezera deta pa mzati, pomwe ndalama zolipira ngongole zimawonetsedwa pamwezi, zomwe zikufunikabe kulipira. Mu selo loyambirira la mzati "ndalama zolipira" kuwerengetsa kudzakhala kosavuta. Tiyenera kuchotsedwa kuchokera ku nthambi zoyambirira, zomwe zimafotokozedwa patebulopo ndi deta yoyamba, kulipira kwa ngongole kwa mwezi woyamba kuwerengedwa. Koma, ponena kuti imodzi mwa manambala omwe timapita ndi chizindikiro "-", ndiye kuti sayenera kuchotsedwa, koma kukapinda. Timapanga ndikudina batani la Lower.



16. Koma kuwerengera kwa ndalama zolipira miyezi yachiwiri ndi zotsatirazi zikhala zovuta kwambiri. Kuti tichite izi, tiyenera kuchotsera thupi la ngongole kumayambiriro kwa kubweza ndalama zonse ndi thupi la ngongole yanthawi yapitayo. Ikani chikwangwani cha "=" Lowani m'chipinda chachiwiri cha mzati "nyumba yachifumu kulipira". Kenako, tchulani ulalo wa cell, zomwe zili ndi ngongole yoyamba. Timapanga icho kukhala cham'mbuyo, kuwunikira ndikumukakamiza fungulo la F4. Kenako timayika chizindikiro "+", popeza tili ndi tanthauzo lachiwiri komanso loipa. Pambuyo pake, dinani pa batani la "Inning".



17. Mtsogoleri wa ntchito amayambitsidwa, momwe muyenera kusamukira ku gulu la "masamu". Kumeneko timagawa zolembedwa "za dzuwa" ndikudina batani la "Ok".



18. Zenera lotsutsa limayamba kutsutsana. Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe atchulidwa amathandizira kufotokozera mwachidule za maselo omwe tikufunika kuchita mu "kulipira ndi ngongole ya ngongole ya". Ili ndi syntax yotsatirayi:

    = Sum (nambala1; nambala2; ...)

    Ngati mikangano, zonena za maselo omwe amapezeka. Timakhazikitsa cholozera mu "gawo la" nambala1 ". Kenako Pinini batani la Mouse kumanzere ndikusankha maselo awiri oyamba a mzere wa ngongole papepala. M'munda, monga tikuonera, cholumikizira pamlingo. Imakhala ndi magawo awiri olekanitsidwa ndi ma colon: Maumboni oyambira pamtunda wa masamba ndi womaliza. Pofuna kuti muthe kutengera njira yomwe yatchulidwa mtsogolo mwa chikhomo chodzaza, timapanga ulalo woyamba kukhala mzere wonse. Tikuunikira ndikudina batani la F4. Gawo lachiwiri la zomwe ananena ndikusiya wachibale. Tsopano, mukamagwiritsa ntchito cholembera chodzaza, mitundu yoyamba yamitundu idzakhazikika, ndipo izi zidzatambasula pamene zikuyenda pansi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti ife tikwaniritse zolinga. Kenako, dinani batani la "OK".



19. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira za ngongole ya ngongole itatha mwezi wachiwiri watulutsidwa mu khungu. Tsopano, kuyambira ndi khungu ili, timapanga kukopera formula yazinthu zopanda kanthu pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera.



20. Kuwerengera pamwezi kwa Reftunts kuti alipire ngongoleyo nthawi yonseyo. Monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira, kumapeto kwa tsiku lomaliza, kuchuluka kwake ndi zero.

Chifukwa chake, sitinawerengere ngongoleyo, koma adakonza mtundu wa malo owerengera ngongole. Zomwe zingachitike panu. Ngati mu tebulo lazomwe timasintha kuchuluka kwa ngongole komanso chiwongola dzanja cha pachaka, ndiye kuti patebulo lomaliza padzakhala kubwereza kwa data. Chifukwa chake, sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pokhapokha ngati zingachitike, koma kugwiritsa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana kuti awerengere ngongole panu.

Phunziro: Ntchito Zachuma Kupambana

Monga mukuwonera, pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Excel kunyumba, mutha kuwerengera mosavuta kulipira ngongole pamwezi panu panu panu, pogwiritsa ntchito pl oyang'anira izi. Kuphatikiza apo, mothandizidwa ndi omwe agwira ntchito ndi prt, ndizotheka kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa ngongole ndi ngongole ya ngongole ndi peresenti ya nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zovala zonsezi limodzi, ndizotheka kupanga cholembera champhamvu cholembera chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuposa kamodzi kuwerengera ndalama zannuity.