A cikin tsarin aiki dangane da Kwallan Linux, akwai kayan aiki na tsibi wanda zai baka damar raba haƙƙin samun dama tsakanin asusun. Wannan ƙuntatawa ne kan samun takamaiman fayiloli, adireshi ko aikace-aikace. Akwai nau'ikan haƙƙi iri uku - karatu, rubutu da kisan. Ana iya gyara kowane ɗayansu dabam a ƙarƙashin kowane mai amfani da aka yi rijista a cikin OS amfani da kayan aikin musamman. Na gaba zai yi amfani da hanyoyin da aka tsara guda biyu na sigogin da aka ambata.
Tabbatar da haƙƙin shiga Linux
Hanyoyin da aka ɗauka a yau sun dace da duk rarraba hanyoyin Linux, tunda sun kasance duniya. Wannan ita ce hanyar farko da ba za a iya samuwa ga masu amfani da ba su da mai sarrafa fayil, kuma ana yin aikin sarrafa tsarin na musamman ta hanyar wasan bidiyo. A wannan yanayin, muna ba da shawarar nan da nan sau ɗaya saƙo zuwa zaɓi na biyu, inda aka bayyana aikin Umurnin Chod Dalla dalla dalla dalla. Sauran masu amfani da suka yi hulɗa tare da tsarin dubawa na zane-zane, muna ba ku shawara ku biya lokacin zuwa hanyoyi biyu, saboda suna da damar samun dama da yawa.Kafin fara hanyoyi, tabbatar cewa tsarin yana da adadin masu amfani. Idan kun san cewa akwai mutane da yawa zuwa kwamfutar, ya kamata ka kirkiri asusunka na daban, sannan ka je nadin damar samun dama. Cikakken jagorar kan wannan batun ana iya samunsa a cikin wannan labarin ta hanyar haɗin yanar gizo mai zuwa.
Tabbas, saitunan da ke cikin sarrafa fayil suna ba ku damar sauri kuma ba tare da wasu matsaloli damar samun isasshen abubuwa ba, kuma wasu masu amfani suna buƙatar saiti mafi sassauci. A cikin irin wannan yanayin, muna bayar da shawarar tuntuɓar hanyar da ke tafe.
Hanyar 2: Kungiyar ChMM
Masu amfani da suka riga sun fito fadin wasan na wasu ayyuka a cikin tsarin aiki akan Linux, tabbas sun san cewa yawancin ayyukan da aka yi ta hanyar na'urori daban-daban ta amfani da umarni daban-daban. Gyara hakkin damar samun fayiloli da manyan fayiloli ba banda da amfani ga wannan ginin na ChMOP.
Syntax na Chod
Kowane umarni yana da nasa syntax - Saitin zaɓuɓɓuka da sigogi da aka rubuta a takamaiman jerin abubuwan da suka dace. Sa'an nan kuma shigarwar za ta zama kamar wannan: Chem + Zaɓuɓɓuka + UP + + haƙƙoƙi + + haƙƙoƙi + sunan abu ko hanya zuwa gare ta. Cikakken bayani kan yadda ake amfani da ChMM, karanta a cikin na'ura wasan bidiyo. Kuna iya gudanar da shi ta menu ko Ctrl + Alt hade key.
A cikin tashar, ya kamata ka yi rajistar chmod - danna maɓallin Shigar. Bayan haka, bayanan hukuma kan tsoho harshe za a nuna, wanda zai taimaka wajen magance mahimmancin amfani. Amma har yanzu muna ba da cikakken bayani game da duk zaɓuɓɓuka da haƙƙoƙin.
Hakkoki
Kamar yadda kuka riga kuka san daga sama bayani, akwai nau'ikan 'yancin uku a cikin Linux a cikin Linux - Karatu, Rubuta da aiwatarwa. Kowannensu yana da ƙirar harafinsa a Chod, wanda ya kamata a yi amfani dashi lokacin aiki tare da ƙungiyar.
- R - karatu;
- w - rakodin;
- x - aiwatarwa;
- S - hukuncin kisa a madadin Superuser. Wannan haƙƙin zaɓi ne kuma yana nufin ƙaddamar da shirye-shirye da rubutun daga babban asusun (kusan magana ne ta hanyar umarnin Surdo).
A farkon hanyar, an lura da cewa a cikin kadarorin kayan sanyi sun kasu ga kowane rukuni na masu amfani. Sun kasance sun wanzu uku kuma a cikin ChMM an ƙaddara irin wannan:
- U ne mai shi;
- G - rukuni;
- o - sauran masu amfani;
- A - duk masu amfani da ke sama.
Bugu da kari, kungiyar da ke cikin kulawa tana ɗaukar sanarwar haƙƙoƙin a cikin hanyar lambobi. Lambobi daga 0 zuwa 7 yana nufin takamaiman sigogi:
- 0 - Babu hakkoki;
- 1 - Na musamman aiwatar;
- 2 - kawai rikodin;
- 3 - Kashe da rikodin tare;
- 4 - na musamman karatu;
- 5 - Karatu da aiwatarwa;
- 6 - Karatu da rubutu;
- 7 - Dukansu hakkoki tare.
Duk waɗannan sigogi iri ɗaya ne ga duka fayilolin mutum da directory. A lokacin sanya gata, ka fara nuna lambar ga mai shi, to, ƙungiyar kuma a ƙarshen sauran masu amfani. Sannan darajar zai sami ra'ayi, misali, 744 ko 712 ko 712. An shigar da ɗaya ko fiye da waɗannan haƙƙin zuwa mai amfani, don haka ya kamata a yi nazarin zaɓuɓɓuka ga amfani, saboda haka ya kamata a yi nazari dalla-dalla.
Zaɓuɓɓuka
Hakkoki yana taka rawa sosai lokacin amfani da umarnin ChMM, duk da haka, zaɓuɓɓuka suna ba ka damar daidaita ƙarin sassauƙa ta hanyar tsara ƙarin sigogi. Mafi mashahurin zaɓuɓɓuka don zaɓuɓɓuka suna da irin wannan:
- -C - Nuni bayani game da duk canje-canje bayan umarnin an kunna;
- -F - Cire nuna duk sanarwar kurakurai;
- -V - Nuna duk bayanan bayan an kunna umarnin;
- - Selectemeneme - zaɓi abin rufe fuska daga takamaiman fayil;
- -R - kunna recursion. A wannan yanayin, za a yi amfani da haƙƙin haƙƙin duka ga duk fayiloli da manyan fayiloli na ƙayyadaddun directory;
Yanzu kun saba da syntax da manyan ƙirar da ake amfani da ita a yau da ake kira ChMM. Ya rage kawai don sanin kanku tare da ƙarin bayani mai amfani, wanda zai sauƙaƙe aiwatar da haƙƙin gyara, kazalika da koyo game da misalai na kungiyar.
Ƙarin ayyuka
Don haɓaka dacewa da aiki a cikin tashar, mai amfani zai buƙaci amfani da ƙarin umarni da yawa waɗanda ke inganta kisan mai biypani. Misali, bayan farawa, zaka iya rajistar CD / gida / mai amfani / babban fayil, inda / Goma / Mai amfani / babban fayil ɗin hanya zuwa babban fayil ɗin da ake buƙata. Bayan kunna wannan umarnin, za a sami motsi zuwa directory ɗin da aka ƙayyade kuma duk ayyukan da suka biyo baya za a aiwatar dasu ta hanyar. Saboda haka, buƙatar shigar da cikakken hanyar zuwa fayil ɗin ko babban fayil ɗin an kawar da shi (ba shakka, idan suna cikin wurin da aka yi wannan juyawa).
Ba shi yiwuwa kar a yi alamar lambar lS tare da zaɓin -l. Wannan amfani yana ba ka damar duba saitunan na yanzu don haƙƙoƙin samun abubuwa. Misali, sakamakon-Rw-r- yana nuna cewa mai shi zai iya karanta da shirya fayil ɗin, ƙungiyar yi iri ɗaya, kuma ɗayan masu amfani kawai sun karanta. (Dukkanin kirkirar suna cika haƙƙin shiga da aka bayyana a sama). Cikakkun bayanai game da aikin kungiyar LS a cikin Linux ana fada a cikin wani labarin ta hanyar hanyar da ke zuwa.
Karanta kuma: Samfurori na Umurnin LS a Linux
Misalan kungiyar
A ƙarshe, Ina so in zo da wasu misalai na amfani da amfani don amfanin amfani don haka masu amfani ba su da tambayoyi game da tsarin ƙungiyar da aikace-aikacen ta. Kula da irin wannan layin:
- Chmod A + R Fayil_name - ƙara duk haƙƙin karanta fayil ɗin;
- Chmod A-X Freed_name - karɓi haƙƙin don aiwatar da abun;
- Chmod A + R Funi na + R Fil_NAME - ƙara karatu da rubuta hakkoki;
- Chmod -r u + w, Go-W Fold_nname - enabling recursion da abin da ke ciki), kara hakkoki don rubuta daga wasu masu amfani.
Kamar yadda kake gani, alamu + kuma - yana nufin ƙara ko ɗaukar haƙƙoƙin. An nuna su tare da zaɓuɓɓuka da haƙƙoƙi ba tare da sarari ba, sannan kuma ana kiranta fayil ko cikakken hanyar zuwa gare ta.
A yau kun koya game da hanyoyi guda biyu don kafa hakkokin samun dama a OS dangane da Kwallan Linux. Hanyoyin da aka jera sune duniya kuma sun dace da duk rarraba. Kafin kunna kowane umarni, muna ba da shawara sosai don tabbatar da cewa ba kawai a cikin daidai na Syntax da hanya zuwa gare su ba.
Duba kuma: Umurni akai-akai amfani a cikin Linux