Yadda ake yin hanyar haɗi a cikin hijira

Hanyoyi suna ɗaya daga cikin manyan kayan aikin yayin aiki a Microsoft Excel. Su bangare ne na tsari na dabarun da suke amfani da shi a cikin shirin. Wasu su suna ba su taimaka wa wasu takardu ko ma albarkatun ƙasa akan Intanet. Bari mu gano yadda ake ƙirƙirar nau'ikan abubuwan nuni daban-daban a cikin ERCELELE.

Ingirƙirar nau'ikan hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo

Nan da nan, ya kamata a lura cewa ana iya rarrabewa da cewa duk maganganu masu nuni zuwa manyan rukuni biyu: An yi niyya don ƙididdigewa a zaman wani ɓangare da kuma wasu kayan aiki da ma'aikata don zuwa abin da aka ƙayyade. Latterarshen har yanzu ana kiran ƙarshen hyperlinks. Bugu da kari, hanyoyin haɗi (hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo) sun kasu kashi cikin gida da waje. Ciki shine ma'anar maganganu a cikin littafin. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani dasu don lissafi, a matsayin mahimmancin wani ɓangare na dabara ko kuma wani ɓangare na aikin, yana nuna takamaiman abu inda ake sarrafa bayanan yana ƙunshe. A cikin wannan rukuni, zaku iya sa sanadin waɗanda suke magana zuwa wurin wani takarda a kan takardar. Dukkansu, ya danganta da kayansu, sun kasu kashi dangi da cikakken.

Hanyoyin haɗin waje suna nufin wani abu wanda ke waje da littafin yanzu. Yana iya zama wani mai fifima littafi ko wuri a ciki, takaddar wani tsari har ma da shafin akan Intanet.

Daga wane nau'in da kake son ƙirƙira, kuma zaɓi hanyar halitta ta halitta ta dogara. Bari mu tsaya a hanyoyi daban-daban a cikin ƙarin daki-daki.

Hanyar 1: ƙirƙirar nassoshi a cikin tsari a cikin takardar

Da farko dai, ka yi la'akari da yadda ake ƙirƙirar zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don nassoshi na dabaru, ayyuka da sauran kayan aikin Excel a cikin takarda ɗaya. Bayan haka, ana yawanci ana amfani dasu a aikace.

Bayani mafi sauki yana kama da wannan:

= A1.

Tabbatattun siffofin bayyana shine alamar "=". Sai kawai lokacin shigar da wannan alamar a cikin tantanin halitta kafin magana, za a fahimta kamar yadda ake magana. A wajabta wajibi ita ce kuma sunan shafi (a wannan yanayin a) da lambar shafi (a wannan yanayin 1).

Bayanin "= A1" yana ba da shawarar cewa kashi wanda aka shigar, bayanai daga abu tare da daidaitawa A1 yana da ƙara ƙarfi.

Idan muka maye gurbin bayyanar a cikin sel, inda aka nuna sakamakon, alal misali, a "= B5", dabi'u daga abin da ke tare da shi.

Ta amfani da hanyoyin haɗi, ana iya aiwatar da ayyukan lissafi daban-daban. Misali, muna rubuta wannan magana:

= A1 + B5

Magana a kan Shigar. Yanzu, a cikin Edements inda ake bayyana wannan magana, ta taƙaita da ƙimar da aka sanya a cikin abubuwa tare da daidaitawa A1 da B5.

Daidaita ka'idar, an yi rarrabuwa, yana ninka, raguwa da duk wani aikin lissafi.

Don yin rikodin haɗi daban ko kuma wani ɓangare na dabara, ba lallai ba ne don fitar da shi daga mabuɗin. Ya isa ya shigar da alamar "=", sannan a sanya maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na hagu tare da abin da kuke so ku koma. Adireshin nasa za a nuna shi a cikin abin da aka sanya alamar "daidai".

Amma ya kamata a lura cewa tsarin daidaitawa A1 ba shine kawai wanda za'a iya amfani dashi ba a cikin dabarun. A cikin layi daya, da Excel yana aiki da salon R1C1, wanda, ya bambanta da sigar da ta gabata, ana nuna saiti da lambobi, amma na musamman ta lambobi.

Bayanin R1C1 yayi daidai da A1, da R5C2 - B5. Wato, a wannan yanayin, da bambanci ga salon A1, da daidaitawar layin suna da fari, kuma shafi yana kan na biyu.

Dukan hanyoyin da aka yi a cikin Excel duka suna daidai, amma sikelin daidaitawa yana da tsari A1. Don canza shi zuwa ra'ayin R1C1, ana buƙatar ku a cikin sigogi na Exel a sashi na tsari, duba akwati a gaban salon salon R1C1.

Bayan haka, a kan daidaiton daidaitawa, adadi zai bayyana maimakon haruffa, da maganganu a cikin dabara zai sami tsari R1C1. Haka kuma, maganganun ba a yi rikodin ba ta hanyar yin daidaitawa da hannu, kuma danna kan abin da ya dace za a nuna azaman kayan aikin da aka sanya shi. A cikin hoton da ke ƙasa yana da dabara

= R [2] c [-1]

Idan ka rubuta magana da hannu, to zai ɗauki ra'ayin da aka saba R1C1.

A cikin shari'ar farko, an gabatar da nau'in dangi (= r [2] C [-1], kuma a karo na biyu (= R1C1) - cikakken. Cikakkun hanyoyin sadarwa suna magana da takamaiman abu, da dangi - zuwa matsayin kashi, dangi da tantanin halitta.

Idan ka koma cikin daidaitaccen salon, to, dangantakar dangi suna da tsari A1, kuma cikakkiyar $ 1. Ta hanyar tsoho, duk nassoshi da aka kirkira a Excel suna da dangi. An bayyana wannan a cikin gaskiyar cewa lokacin da yaushe kwafa tare da cike alama, darajar a cikinsu yana canzawa zuwa ga motsawa.

1. Don ganin yadda zai duba a aikace, saƙa zuwa ga tantanin A1. Mun shigar a cikin kowane fo fanko ya zama alamar "=" da yumbu akan abu tare da daidaitawa A1. Bayan an nuna adireshin a matsayin wani ɓangare na dabara, yumbu akan maɓallin Shigar.



2. Mun kawo siginan zuwa ƙananan gefen dama na abu, wanda sakamakon sarrafa tsari ya bayyana. An canza siginar zuwa cikin alamar cika. Danna maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na hagu da shimfiɗa mai nuna alamar layi ɗaya zuwa bayanan tare da bayanan da kake son kwafa.



3. Bayan an gama kwafin, mun ga cewa dabi'u a cikin abubuwan da suka biyo baya sun banbanta daga ɗaya a farkon (kwafe) kashi. Idan ka zaɓi wani sel da muke kwafe bayanan, sannan a cikin layi da za ku iya ganin cewa an canza hanyar haɗi dangi da motsawa. Wannan alama ce ta dangantakarta.

Dukiyar da aka mai amfani da ita wani lokacin yana taimakawa da yawa yayin aiki tare da tsari da tebur, amma a wasu halaye da kuke buƙata don kwafin ainihin tsari canzawa. Don yin wannan, ana buƙatar hanyar haɗin don canza cikakke.

1. Don aiwatar da canji, ya isa game da daidaitawa a kwance kuma a tsaye sanya alamar dala ($).



2. Bayan munyi amfani da alamar cika mai cike, zaka iya ganin darajar a duk sel ɗin duk sel mai zuwa yayin da aka nuna daidai da kwafa daidai daidai da na farko. Bugu da kari, lokacin da ka hau kan kowane abu daga kewayon da ke ƙasa a cikin kirtani kirtani, ana iya lura da cewa hanyar haɗin ta kasance canzawa gaba daya canzawa.

Baya ga cikakken da dangi, har yanzu akwai haɗe da hanyoyin haɗi. Alamar dala ko dai kawai tsara abubuwa ne kawai (misali: $ A1),

ko dai kawai daidaitawar kirtani (misali: a $ 1).

Za'a iya yin alamar dala da hannu ta danna alamar da ta dace akan keyboard ($). Za a fifita shi idan a cikin lafazin maɓallin Ingilishi a cikin babba danna maɓallin "4".

Amma akwai wata hanyar da ta dace don ƙara alamar da aka ambata. Kuna buƙatar kawai nuna ma'anar magana kuma danna maɓallin F4. Bayan haka, alamar dala zai bayyana lokaci guda a cikin dukkan daidaitawa a kwance da tsaye. Bayan sake matsawa a kan F4, an canza hanyar haɗin zuwa gauraye: Alamar dala za ta ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin daidaitawar layin, kuma daidaitawar shafi zai shuɗe. Wata matsakaicin f4 zai haifar da tasirin tasiri: alamar dala zata bayyana a tsarin shafi, amma daidaitawa zasu shuɗe. Bugu da ari, lokacin danna F4, hanyar haɗin ta canza zuwa ga dangi ba tare da dala ba. 'Yan kunne masu zuwa ya zama cikakke. Sabili da haka a kan wani sabon da'ira.

Areo Excel, zaku iya nuna takamaiman tantanin halitta kawai, amma kuma akan kewayon gaba ɗaya. Adireshin kewayon yayi kama da daidaitawar kayan hagu na sama da ƙananan dama, alamar alamar mallaka (:). Misali, kewayon da aka ware a hoton da ke ƙasa yana tsara daidaitawa A1: C5.

Dangane da haka, hanyar haɗi akan wannan tsararru za ta yi kama:

= A1: C5

Darasi: Cikakke da dangantakar haɗi zuwa Microsoft Excel

Hanyar 2: Kirkirar nassoshi a cikin tsari don sauran zanen gado da littattafai

Kafin hakan, mun dauki ayyuka kawai a cikin takardar. Yanzu bari mu ga yadda ake nufi zuwa wurin wani takarda ko ma littafin. A ƙarshen batun, ba zai zama cikin ciki ba, amma hanyar haɗin ta waje.

Ka'idojin halitta daidai iri ɗaya ne kamar yadda muka duba a sama lokacin da ayyuka a takarda ɗaya. Kawai a wannan yanayin zai buƙaci saka ƙarin adireshin ganye ko littafin inda ake buƙatar kewayon magana.

Don komawa zuwa darajar akan wani takaddun, kuna buƙatar bayyana sunan ta tsakanin "=" alamar da kuma daidaitawar tantanin halitta, sannan shigar da alamar tashin hankali.

Don haka hanyar haɗi akan tantanin a kan takardar 2 tare da daidaitawar B4 zai yi kama da wannan:

= Lissafi2! B4

Za'a iya fitar da faɗakarwar ta hannu daga maballin maɓallin, amma ya fi dacewa ya zama kamar haka.

1. Sanya alamar "=" a cikin kayan da zasu ƙunshi furucin tunani. Bayan haka, ta amfani da gajeriyar hanya sama da sandar matsayin, je wannan takardar inda abin yake na komawa zuwa.



2. Bayan canjin, zaɓi wannan abun (tantanin halitta ko kewayon) kuma danna maɓallin ENT.



3. Bayan haka, za a sami dawowa ta atomatik zuwa takardar da ta gabata, amma kwatancen muna buƙatar za a kafa.

Yanzu bari mu gano yadda ake nufin asalin abin da ke cikin wani littafi. Da farko dai, kana buƙatar sanin cewa ka'idodin aikin aiki da yawa da kuma kayan aikin yi tare da sauran littattafai sun bambanta. Wasu daga cikinsu suna aiki tare da wasu fayilolin Excel, koda kuwa idan an rufe su, yayin da wasu ke buƙatar ƙaddamar da waɗannan fayilolin.

A dangane da waɗannan siffofin, nau'in mahadar akan wasu littattafai sun bambanta. Idan ka gabatar da shi zuwa kayan aiki wanda ke aiki naúrar aiki, to, a wannan yanayin zaka iya tantance sunan littafin da kake magana a kai. Idan ka yi nufin yin aiki tare da fayil wanda ba za su buɗe ba, to, a wannan yanayin kuna buƙatar tantance cikakken hanyar zuwa gare ta. Idan baku sani ba, a wane yanayi zaku yi aiki tare da fayil ɗin ko a'a tabbatacciyar kayan aiki na iya aiki tare da shi, sannan a wannan yanayin, kuma, ya fi kyau a faɗi cikakken hanyar. Ko da zai zama tabbas.

Idan kana buƙatar komawa zuwa wani abu tare da adireshin C9, wanda yake a kan takardar kira na 2 a cikin littafin da ake kira "Excel.xlsx", to, ya kamata a yi rikodin faɗar magana a cikin kashi na farko inda za a nuna darajar:

= [Excel.xlsx] Jerin2! C9

Idan kuna shirin aiki tare da takaddar rufaffiyar, to, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, kuna buƙatar tantance hanyar wurin da take. Misali:

= 'D: \ sabon babban fayil' [Excel.xlsx] Sheet2 '! C9

Kamar yadda yake a cikin ƙirƙirar magana magana zuwa wani takardar, lokacin ƙirƙirar hanyar haɗi zuwa wani yanki, kuma yadda za ku iya shigar da shi ta hanyar zaɓi sel mai dacewa ko kasancewa a cikin wani fayil.

1. Mun sanya halin "=" a cikin tantanin da ake magana da shi.



2. Sa'an nan kuma buɗe littafin da kake so ka koma idan ba gudu ba. Yumbu a takardar sa a wurin da kake son komawa zuwa. Bayan haka, danna Shigar.



3. Akwai komawa ta atomatik zuwa littafin da ya gabata. Kamar yadda kake gani, ya riga ya ƙwarewa mahadar zuwa ga asalin fayil ɗin, wanda muka danna da matakin da ya gabata. Ya ƙunshi sunan kawai ba tare da hanya ba.



4. Amma idan muka rufe fayil ɗin don koma, hanyar haɗin zai canza ta atomatik. Zai gabatar da cikakken hanyar zuwa fayil ɗin. Don haka, idan dabara ce, aiki ko aiki ko kayan aiki ko kayan aiki tare da tsarin rufaffiyar, yanzu, godiya ga canjin faɗakarwar bayyanar, zai yuwu yin wannan damar.

Kamar yadda kake gani, hanyar ɗagawa zuwa ga wani fayil na wani fayil ta amfani da danna adireshin da hannu da hannu, har ma sama da duniya, tunda a wannan yanayin da kanta ta canza dangane da ko da Ana rufe littafin wanda yake magana, ko buɗewa.

Hanyar 3: Aiki biyu

Wani zaɓi don nufin abu a Fore Excel shine amfani da aikin dash. Wannan kayan aikin yana da niyyar ƙirƙirar maganganun tunani a cikin tsari. Nassoshin da aka kirkira don haka ana kiranta "mai karba", tunda ana haɗa su da tantanin halitta wanda aka ƙayyade a cikinsu har ma ya fi dacewa da cikakkun maganganu. Da syntax na wannan mai aiki:

= DVSSL (Haɗi; A1)

"Link" hujja ce da ke nufin tantanin halitta a cikin rubutu tsari (a nannade tare da kwatancen);

"A1" Yarjejeniyar hujja ce wacce ke tantance wane salon salon ana amfani da su: A1 ko R1C1. Idan darajar wannan hujja ita ce "gaskiya", to ana amfani da zaɓi na farko idan "qarya" shine na biyu. Idan wannan gardamar an manta da ita, to ta hanyar tsohuwa an yi imani cewa adireshin nau'in A1 ana amfani dashi.

1. Mun lura da wani abu na takardar wanda dabarar zata kasance. Yumbu kan "saka aiki" icon "icon.



2. A cikin maye na ayyuka a cikin "hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo da kuma inganta" toshe, muna yin bikin "DVSSL". Danna "Ok".



3. Barrys taga wannan wayar ta buɗewa. A cikin "hanyar haɗi zuwa wayar salula" filin, saita siginar kuma haskaka danna maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta da muke son komawa zuwa. Bayan an nuna adireshin a fagen, "in ji" tare da kwatancenta. Filin na biyu ("A1") an bar komai. Latsa "Ok".



4. Sakamakon aiki Ana nuna wannan aikin a cikin tantanin da aka zaɓa.

A dalla-dalla dalla dalla, fa'idodi da nasiha na aikin DVRRSL ana daukar su a darasi daban.

Darasi: Aikin Dulnsil a Microsoft Excel

Hanyar 4: Kirkirar Hyperlink

Hyperlinks sun banbanta da nau'in hanyoyin da muka ɗauka a sama. Basu da "ja" bayanai daga wasu yankuna a cikin wannan sel, inda suke located, kuma don yin canji a yankin da suke magana.

1. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka uku don sauya zuwa taga ƙirƙirar hyperlinks. A cewar farkonsu, kuna buƙatar haskaka sel wanda za'a saka hanyar hyperlink, kuma danna shi dama maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta. A cikin menu na mahallin, zaɓi zaɓi "Hyperlink ...".

   

   Madadin haka, zaku iya, bayan zaɓin abu inda aka saka wani abu, je zuwa shafin "Saka" shafin. A nan a kan ribbon kana buƙatar danna maɓallin "Hyperlink".

   

   Hakanan, bayan zaɓin tantanin, zaku iya amfani da makullin Ctrl + K.

2. Bayan amfani da kowane ɗayan waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka uku, taga hanyar hyperlink ta buɗe. A ɓangaren hagu na taga, akwai zaɓi na, tare da abin da ake buƙata don tuntuɓar:
   • Tare da wuri a cikin littafin yanzu;
   • Tare da sabon littafi;
   • Tare da yanar gizo ko fayil;
   • Tare da e-mail.



3. Ta hanyar tsoho, taga yana farawa a Yanayin sadarwa tare da fayil ko shafin yanar gizo. Don yin hulɗa da wani abu tare da fayil, a tsakiyar taga ta amfani da kayan aikin kewayawa, kuna buƙatar zuwa wannan jagorar na Hard diski inda fayil ɗin da ake so yake tare da kuma haskaka shi. Zai iya zama duka littafi mai kyau da fayil na kowane tsari. Bayan haka, za a nuna masu daidaitawa a filin "Adireshin". Bayan haka, don kammala aikin, danna maɓallin "Ok".

   

   Idan akwai buƙatar sadarwa tare da gidan yanar gizon, a wannan yanayin, a cikin sashe ɗaya na ƙirƙirar hanyar yanar gizo da ake so kuma danna maballin "Ok" maballin.

   

   Idan kana son ayyana hyperlink zuwa wuri a cikin littafin yanzu, ya kamata ka je wurin "ɗaure tare da wurin a cikin takaddar" sashe. Bayan haka, a tsakiyar taga, kuna buƙatar tantance taket da adireshin tantanin halitta wanda ya kamata a yi. Latsa "Ok".

   

   Idan kana buƙatar ƙirƙirar sabon takaddar ExM da kuma ɗaure shi ta amfani da hanyarta zuwa littafin yanzu, ya kamata ku je ɓangaren "ɗaure tare da sabon takaddar". Bayan haka, a cikin yankin tsakiyar taga, ba shi suna kuma saka sunan shi a faifai. Sannan danna kan "Ok".

   

   Idan kuna so, zaku iya haɗa ganye na ganye tare da hyperlink har ma da imel. Don yin wannan, mun ƙaura zuwa "ƙulla tare da imel" sashe da kuma a cikin "Adireshin" suna nuna e-mail. Yumbu a "Ok".



4. Bayan an saka hyperlink, rubutu a cikin tantanin halitta wanda yake, tsohuwar ta zama shuɗi. Wannan yana nufin cewa hyperlink yana aiki. Don zuwa abin da aka haɗa shi, ya isa sau biyu danna ciki tare da maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na hagu.

Bugu da kari, za a iya haifar da hanyar hyperlink ta amfani da aikin da aka saka yana da sunan da ke magana da kanta - "hyperlink".

Wannan ma'aikacin yana da Syntax:

= Hyperlink (adireshi; suna)

"Adireshin" - hujja wacce ke nuna adireshin na yanar gizo a Intanet ko fayil akan rumbun kwamfutarka, wanda kuke buƙatar tabbatar da tattaunawa.

"Suna" - hujja a cikin hanyar rubutu, wanda za a nuna a cikin wani sashi na takardar dauke da hyperlink. Wannan hujja bawai wajibi bane. A rashi, adireshin abu za a nuna shi a cikin takardar wanda aikin yake nufi.

1. Muna haskaka tantanin halitta wanda za'a iya samun hyperlink, da yumbu kan "saka aiki" icon "icon.



2. A cikin Wizard, je zuwa "hanyar haɗin yanar gizo da kuma Arrays" sashe. Mun lura da sunan "hyperlink" kuma danna "Ok".



3. A cikin taga muhawara a cikin "Adireshin", saka adireshin zuwa shafin yanar gizon ko fayil a kan Wiwi. A cikin "Sunan" filin zamu rubuta rubutun da za a nuna a cikin takardar. Yumbu a "Ok".



4. Bayan haka, za a ƙirƙiri hyperlink.

Darasi: Yadda Ake Yin ko cire Hyperlinks a Excel

Mun gano cewa akwai kungiyoyin haɗi guda biyu a cikin tebur fice: amfani da tsari da ma'aikata zuwa sauyawa (hyperlink). Bugu da kari, wadannan rukunoni biyu sun kasu kashi-kashi zuwa yawancin karami. Daga wani takamaiman nau'in matakin kuma ya dogara da algorithm don tsarin halitta.